Ingcaciso yeMveliso
I-LSAW (i-Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welding) imibhobho yensimbi luhlobo lombhobho wensimbi odibeneyo obonakaliswe yinkqubo yabo yokuvelisa ekhethekileyo kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Le mibhobho iveliswa ngokwenza ipleyiti yentsimbi ibe yimilo yecylindrical kunye nelongitudinally welding it using submerged arc welding techniques. Nantsi isishwankathelo semibhobho yentsimbi ye-LSAW:
Inkqubo yokuVelisa:
● Ukulungiswa kwePlayithi: Iipleyiti zetsimbi ezikumgangatho ophezulu zikhethwa ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno ezithile, ziqinisekisa iimpawu ezifunwayo zemishini kunye nokubunjwa kweekhemikhali.
● Ukuqulunqa: Ipleyiti yensimbi yenziwe ibe yipayipi ye-cylindrical ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezifana nokugoba, ukuqengqeleka, okanye ukucofa (JCOE kunye ne-UOE). Imiphetho i-curved ngaphambili ukuququzelela i-welding.
● I-Welding: I-arc welding efakwe emanzini (SAW) iqeshwe, apho i-arc igcinwa phantsi kwe-flux layer. Oku kuvelisa iiwelds ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezineziphene ezincinci kunye nokudibanisa okugqwesileyo.
● Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasonic: Emva kwe-welding, uvavanyo lwe-ultrasonic luqhutyelwa ukukhangela naziphi na iziphene zangaphakathi okanye zangaphandle kwindawo ye-weld.
● Ukwandisa: Umbhobho unokwandiswa ukuze ufezekise ububanzi obufunwayo kunye nobukhulu bodonga, ukuphucula ukuchaneka kwe-dimensional.
● Ukuhlolwa kokugqibela: Uvavanyo olubanzi, kubandakanywa ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo, ukuhlolwa kwe-dimensional, kunye nokuhlolwa kwepropathi yomatshini, kuqinisekisa umgangatho wombhobho.
Izinto eziluncedo:
● UkuSebenza kweNdleko: Imibhobho ye-LSAW inikezela ngesisombululo esingabizi kakhulu kwimibhobho yobubanzi obukhulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesakhiwo ngenxa yenkqubo yokuvelisa ngokufanelekileyo.
● Amandla aphezulu: Indlela ye-welding ye-longitudinal iphumela kwimibhobho eneempawu ezinamandla kunye nezifanayo zomatshini.
● Ukuchaneka koMda: Imibhobho ye-LSAW ibonisa imilinganiselo echanekileyo, iyenza ifanelekele izicelo ezinokunyamezela okungqongqo.
● Umgangatho we-Weld: I-arc welding ephantsi kwamanzi ivelisa i-welds esemgangathweni ophezulu kunye ne-fusion egqwesileyo kunye neziphene ezincinci.
● Ukuguquguquka kwezinto: Imibhobho ye-LSAW isetyenziswa kumashishini awahlukeneyo, kuquka i-oyile negesi, ulwakhiwo, nonikezelo lwamanzi, ngenxa yokuguquguquka nokuhlala ixesha elide.
Isishwankathelo, iipayipi zensimbi ze-LSAW zenziwe kusetyenziswa inkqubo echanekileyo kunye nechanekileyo, ekhokelela kwiipayipi eziguquguqukayo, ezingabizi kakhulu, kunye nezihlala zihlala zifanelekile kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo zoshishino.
Iinkcukacha
API 5L: GR.B, X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70, X80 |
I-ASTM A252: GR.1, GR.2, GR.3 |
EN 10219-1: S235JRH, S275J0H, S275J2H, S355J0H, S355J2H, S355K2H |
EN10210: S235JRH, S275J0H, S275J2H, S355J0H, S355J2H, S355K2H |
I-ASTM A53/A53M: G.A, GR.B |
EN 10217: P195TR1, P195TR2, P235TR1, P235TR2, P265TR1, P265TR2 |
DIN 2458: St37.0, St44.0, St52.0 |
AS/NZS 1163: Grade C250 , Grade C350, Grade C450 |
GB/T 9711: L175, L210, L245, L290, L320 , L360, L390 , L415, L450 , L485 |
ASTMA671: CA55/CB70/CC65, CB60/CB65/CB70/CC60/CC70, CD70/CE55/CE65/CF65/CF70, CF66/CF71/CF72/CF73, CG100/CH100/CI100/CJ10 |
Uluhlu lweMveliso
Ngaphandle Ububanzi | Ubukhulu bodonga obukhoyo bungaphantsi kwebakala lentsimbi | |||||||
Intshi | mm | IBanga leNsimbi | ||||||
Intshi | mm | I-L245(Gr.B) | I-L290(X42) | I-L360(X52) | I-L415(X60) | I-L450(X65) | I-L485(X70) | I-L555(X80) |
16 | 406 | 6.0-50.0mm | 6.0-48.0mm | 6.0-48.0mm | 6.0-45.0mm | 6.0-40mm | 6.0-31.8mm | 6.0-29.5mm |
18 | 457 | 6.0-50.0mm | 6.0-48.0mm | 6.0-48.0mm | 6.0-45.0mm | 6.0-40mm | 6.0-31.8mm | 6.0-29.5mm |
20 | 508 | 6.0-50.0mm | 6.0-50.0mm | 6.0-50.0mm | 6.0-45.0mm | 6.0-40mm | 6.0-31.8mm | 6.0-29.5mm |
22 | 559 | 6.0-50.0mm | 6.0-50.0mm | 6.0-50.0mm | 6.0-45.0mm | 6.0-43mm | 6.0-31.8mm | 6.0-29.5mm |
24 | 610 | 6.0-57.0mm | 6.0-55.0mm | 6.0-55.0mm | 6.0-45.0mm | 6.0-43mm | 6.0-31.8mm | 6.0-29.5mm |
26 | 660 | 6.0-57.0mm | 6.0-55.0mm | 6.0-55.0mm | 6.0-48.0mm | 6.0-43mm | 6.0-31.8mm | 6.0-29.5mm |
28 | 711 | 6.0-57.0mm | 6.0-55.0mm | 6.0-55.0mm | 6.0-48.0mm | 6.0-43mm | 6.0-31.8mm | 6.0-29.5mm |
30 | 762 | 7.0-60.0mm | 7.0-58.0mm | 7.0-58.0mm | 7.0-48.0mm | 7.0-47.0mm | 7.0-35mm | 7.0-32.0mm |
32 | 813 | 7.0-60.0mm | 7.0-58.0mm | 7.0-58.0mm | 7.0-48.0mm | 7.0-47.0mm | 7.0-35mm | 7.0-32.0mm |
34 | 864 | 7.0-60.0mm | 7.0-58.0mm | 7.0-58.0mm | 7.0-48.0mm | 7.0-47.0mm | 7.0-35mm | 7.0-32.0mm |
36 | 914 | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-52.0mm | 8.0-47.0mm | 8.0-35mm | 8.0-32.0mm |
38 | 965 | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-52.0mm | 8.0-47.0mm | 8.0-35mm | 8.0-32.0mm |
40 | 1016 | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-52.0mm | 8.0-47.0mm | 8.0-35mm | 8.0-32.0mm |
42 | 1067 | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-52.0mm | 8.0-47.0mm | 8.0-35mm | 8.0-32.0mm |
44 | 1118 | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-52.0mm | 9.0-47.0mm | 9.0-35mm | 9.0-32.0mm |
46 | 1168 | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-52.0mm | 9.0-47.0mm | 9.0-35mm | 9.0-32.0mm |
48 | 1219 | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-52.0mm | 9.0-47.0mm | 9.0-35mm | 9.0-32.0mm |
52 | 1321 | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-52.0mm | 9.0-47.0mm | 9.0-35mm | 9.0-32.0mm |
56 | 1422 | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-52mm | 10.0-47.0mm | 10.0-35mm | 10.0-32.0mm |
60 | 1524 | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-52mm | 10.0-47.0mm | 10.0-35mm | 10.0-32.0mm |
64 | 1626 | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-52mm | 10.0-47.0mm | 10.0-35mm | 10.0-32.0mm |
68 | 1727 | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-52mm | 10.0-47.0mm | 10.0-35mm | 10.0-32.0mm |
72 | 1829 | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-52mm | 10.0-47.0mm | 10.0-35mm | 10.0-32.0mm |
* Obunye ubungakanani bunokwenziwa ngokwezifiso emva kothethathethwano
Ukubunjwa kweMichiza kunye neePropati zoomatshini boMbhobho weNtsimbi we-LSAW
Umgangatho | IBanga | Ubume beMichiza(ubuninzi)% | Iipropati zoomatshini(min) | |||||
C | Mn | Si | S | P | Yield Strength(Mpa) | Amandla Okuqina (Mpa) | ||
GB/T700-2006 | A | 0.22 | 1.4 | 0.35 | 0.050 | 0.045 | 235 | 370 |
B | 0.2 | 1.4 | 0.35 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 235 | 370 | |
C | 0.17 | 1.4 | 0.35 | 0.040 | 0.040 | 235 | 370 | |
D | 0.17 | 1.4 | 0.35 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 235 | 370 | |
GB/T1591-2009 | A | 0.2 | 1.7 | 0.5 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 345 | 470 |
B | 0.2 | 1.7 | 0.5 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 345 | 470 | |
C | 0.2 | 1.7 | 0.5 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 345 | 470 | |
I-BS EN10025 | S235JR | 0.17 | 1.4 | - | 0.035 | 0.035 | 235 | 360 |
S275JR | 0.21 | 1.5 | - | 0.035 | 0.035 | 275 | 410 | |
S355JR | 0.24 | 1.6 | - | 0.035 | 0.035 | 355 | 470 | |
DIN 17100 | ST37-2 | 0.2 | - | - | 0.050 | 0.050 | 225 | 340 |
ST44-2 | 0.21 | - | - | 0.050 | 0.050 | 265 | 410 | |
ST52-3 | 0.2 | 1.6 | 0.55 | 0.040 | 0.040 | 345 | 490 | |
I-JIS G3101 | SS400 | - | - | - | 0.050 | 0.050 | 235 | 400 |
SS490 | - | - | - | 0.050 | 0.050 | 275 | 490 | |
API 5L PSL1 | A | 0.22 | 0.9 | - | 0.03 | 0.03 | 210 | 335 |
B | 0.26 | 1.2 | - | 0.03 | 0.03 | 245 | 415 | |
X42 | 0.26 | 1.3 | - | 0.03 | 0.03 | 290 | 415 | |
X46 | 0.26 | 1.4 | - | 0.03 | 0.03 | 320 | 435 | |
X52 | 0.26 | 1.4 | - | 0.03 | 0.03 | 360 | 460 | |
X56 | 0.26 | 1.1 | - | 0.03 | 0.03 | 390 | 490 | |
X60 | 0.26 | 1.4 | - | 0.03 | 0.03 | 415 | 520 | |
X65 | 0.26 | 1.45 | - | 0.03 | 0.03 | 450 | 535 | |
X70 | 0.26 | 1.65 | - | 0.03 | 0.03 | 585 | 570 |
Umgangatho kunye neBanga
Umgangatho | amaBanga entsimbi |
I-API 5L: Inkcazo yoMbhobho womgca | GR.B, X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70, X80 |
I-ASTM A252: Inkcazo esemgangathweni yeePiles zeSimbi eziWelded kunye neSeamless | GR.1, GR.2, GR.3 |
I-TS EN 10219-1: Amacandelwana angeyo-alloyi kunye neFine Grain Steel. | S235JRH, S275J0H, S275J2H, S355J0H, S355J2H, S355K2H |
I-EN 10210: Amacandelo ashushu agqityiweyo kwisakhiwo se-Non-alloy kunye neentsimbi ezicolekileyo eziziinkozo | S235JRH, S275J0H, S275J2H, S355J0H, S355J2H, S355K2H |
I-ASTM A53/A53M: Umbhobho, intsimbi, iMnyama kunye neHot-Dipped, iZinc-Coated, iWelded kwaye ayinamthungo | G.A, GR.B |
I-EN 10208: Imibhobho yentsimbi esetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zemibhobho yothutho kwimizi-mveliso yepetroleum kunye negesi yendalo. | L210GA, L235GA, L245GA, L290GA, L360GA |
I-EN 10217: Imibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo kwiiNjongo zoxinzelelo | P195TR1, P195TR2, P235TR1, P235TR2, P265TR1, I-P265TR2 |
I-DIN 2458: Imibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo kunye neeThubhu | St37.0, St44.0, St52.0 |
AS/NZS 1163: UmGangatho waseOstreliya/waseNew Zealand kuMacandelo eHollow eStructural Steel-formed Cold | IBakala C250 , iBakala C350, iBakala C450 |
I-GB/T 9711: Amashishini ePetroleum kunye neGesi yeNdalo-Imibhobho yentsimbi yeeMibhobho | L175, L210, L245, L290, L320 , L360, L390 , L415, L450 , L485 |
I-ASTM A671: Umbhobho wentsimbi odityanisiweyo woMbane we-Atmospheric kunye namaqondo asezantsi | CA 55, CB 60, CB 65, CB 70, CC 60, CC 65, CC 70 |
I-ASTM A672: Umbhobho wentsimbi we-electric-fusion-welded wenkonzo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu kumaqondo obushushu aphakathi. | A45, A50, A55, B60, B65, B70, C55, C60, C65 |
I-ASTM A691: I-Carbon kunye ne-alloy steel pipe, i-electric-fusion-welded yenkonzo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu. | CM-65, CM-70, CM-75, 1/2CR-1/2MO, 1CR-1/2MO, 2-1/4CR, 3CR |
Inkqubo yokuVelisa

Ulawulo lwemeko
● Ukujongwa kweMathiriyeli ekrwada
● Uhlalutyo lweMichiza
● Uvavanyo loomatshini
● Ukuhlola Okubonwayo
● Ukujongwa koMda
● Uvavanyo lwe-Bend
● Uvavanyo lwempembelelo
● Uvavanyo lwe-Intergranular Corrosion
● Uviwo olungonakalisi (UT, MT, PT)
● Ukufaneleka kweNkqubo yeWelding
● Uhlalutyo lweMicrostructure
● Uvavanyo loKugqabhuka nokuNcandwa
● Uvavanyo Lokuqina
● Uvavanyo lwe-Hydrostatic
● Uvavanyo lweMetallography
● UVavanyo lwe-Hydrogen lwe-Cracking (HIC)
● Uvavanyo lweSulfidi yokuQhutywa koxinzelelo (SSC)
● Uvavanyo lwangoku lukaEddy
● Ukupeyinta nokuHlolwa koMgquba
● Ukuphonononga Amaxwebhu
Ukusetyenziswa kunye nesicelo
I-LSAW (i-Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welding) imibhobho yentsimbi ifumana usetyenziso olwahlukeneyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo ngenxa yentembeko yesakhiwo kunye nokuguquguquka. Apha ngezantsi kukho usetyenziso oluphambili kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemibhobho yentsimbi ye-LSAW:
● UkuThuthwa kwe-Oli neGesi: Imibhobho yensimbi ye-LSAW isetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini leoli kunye negesi kwiinkqubo zemibhobho. Le mibhobho isetyenziselwa ukuthutha i-oyile ekrwada, igesi yendalo, kunye nolunye ulwelo okanye iigesi.
● Iziseko zoncedo zamanzi: Imibhobho ye-LSAW isetyenziswa kwiiprojekthi zeziseko ezingundoqo ezinxulumene namanzi, kubandakanywa unikezelo lwamanzi kunye neenkqubo zokuhambisa amanzi.
● UkuLungiswa kwemichiza: Imibhobho ye-LSAW isebenza kumashishini ekhemikhali apho iqeshelwe ukuhambisa imichiza, ulwelo kunye neegesi ngendlela ekhuselekileyo nefanelekileyo.
● Ulwakhiwo Neziseko Zokusebenza: Le mibhobho isetyenziswa kwiiprojekthi zokwakha ezahlukahlukeneyo, njengeziseko zokwakha, iibhulorho nezinye izakhiwo.
● Ukufakela: Imibhobho ye-LSAW iqeshwe ekufakeni izicelo zokubonelela ngenkxaso esisiseko kwiiprojekthi zokwakha, kubandakanywa iziseko zezakhiwo kunye nezakhiwo zaselwandle.
● Icandelo lezaMandla: Zisetyenziselwa ukuthutha iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamandla, kubandakanywa umphunga kunye nolwelo olushushu kwimizi-mveliso yombane.
● Ukumbiwa kwemigodi: Imibhobho ye-LSAW ifumana isicelo kwiiprojekthi zemigodi yokuhambisa imathiriyeli kunye neentsalela zezimbiwa.
● Iinkqubo zoShishino: Amashishini afana nokuvelisa kunye nemveliso asebenzisa imibhobho ye-LSAW kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zemizi-mveliso, kuquka ukuhanjiswa kwemathiriyeli ekrwada kunye neemveliso ezigqityiweyo.
● Uphuhliso lweziseko ezingundoqo: Le mibhobho ibalulekile ekuphuhliseni iiprojekthi zeziseko ezingundoqo ezifana neendlela, oohola bendlela, kunye nezixhobo eziluncedo ezingaphantsi komhlaba.
● Inkxaso yoLwakhiwo: Imibhobho ye-LSAW isetyenziselwa ukuyila izixhaso zesakhiwo, iintsika, kunye nemiqadi kulwakhiwo kunye neeprojekthi zobunjineli.
● Ukwakhiwa kweenqanawa: Kwishishini lokwakha iinqanawa, iipayipi ze-LSAW zisetyenziselwa ukwakha iindawo ezahlukeneyo zeenqanawa, kubandakanywa ii-hulls kunye nezakhiwo zesakhiwo.
● Ishishini leeMoto: Imibhobho ye-LSAW ingasetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwezinto zemoto, kubandakanywa neenkqubo zokukhupha.
Ezi zicelo zibonisa ukuguquguquka kwemibhobho yentsimbi ye-LSAW kumacandelo ahlukeneyo, ngenxa yokuqina kwayo, amandla, kunye nokufaneleka kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo.
Ukupakisha kunye nokuThumela
Ukupakishwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuthunyelwa kwe-LSAW (i-Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welding) imibhobho yentsimbi ibalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthuthwa kwayo okukhuselekileyo kunye nokuhanjiswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Nantsi inkcazo yokupakishwa okuqhelekileyo kunye neenkqubo zokuthumela kwimibhobho yentsimbi ye-LSAW:
Ukupakisha:
● Ukudibanisa: Imibhobho ye-LSAW idla ngokudityaniswa kunye okanye iSingle Piece epakishwe kusetyenziswa imitya yentsimbi okanye iibhanti ukwenza iiyunithi ezilawulekayo zokuphatha nokuthutha.
● Ukukhuselwa: Iziphelo zemibhobho zikhuselwe ngeminqwazi yeplastiki ukukhusela umonakalo ngexesha lokuhamba. Ukongeza, imibhobho inokugqunywa ngezinto ezikhuselayo ukukhusela imiba yokusingqongileyo.
● I-Anti-Corrosion Coating: Ukuba imibhobho ine-anti-corrosion coating, ingqibelelo yengubo iqinisekiswa ngexesha lokupakisha ukukhusela umonakalo ngexesha lokuphatha kunye nokuthutha.
● Ukumakisha nokuFakwa kweLebhile: Inyanda nganye ibhalwe ngolwazi oluyimfuneko njengobungakanani bombhobho, ibakala lemathiriyeli, inombolo yobushushu, kunye nezinye iinkcukacha ukuze zichongwe ngokulula.
● Ukukhusela: Iinyanda zibotshelelwe ngokukhuselekileyo kwiipalati okanye ukutyibilika ukuze kuthintelwe ukuhambahamba ngexesha lokuthutha.
Ukuhambisa ngenqanawe:
● Iindlela Zothutho: Imibhobho yentsimbi ye-LSAW inokuthunyelwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zothutho, kuquka indlela, uloliwe, ulwandle, okanye umoya, kuxhomekeke kwindawo ekuyiwa kuyo nokungxamiseka.
● I-Containerization: Imibhobho ingathunyelwa kwiibhokisi zokukhusela okongeziweyo, ngakumbi ngexesha lokuthutha phesheya. Izikhongozeli zilayishiwe kwaye zikhuselekile ukuthintela ukutshintshwa ngexesha lokuhamba.
● Amaqabane oLungiselelo: Iinkampani zolungiselelo ezihloniphekileyo okanye abathwali abanamava ekuphatheni imibhobho yentsimbi bayabandakanyeka ukuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa okukhuselekileyo nangexesha.
● Uxwebhu lweCustoms: Amaxwebhu ayimfuneko amasiko, kubandakanywa neebhili zomthwalo, izatifikethi zemvelaphi, kunye namanye amaphepha afanelekileyo, alungiselelwe kwaye athunyelwe ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.
● I-inshorensi: Kuxhomekeka kwixabiso kunye nohlobo lomthwalo, i-inshorensi inokulungiswa ukuze ikhuseleke kwiziganeko ezingalindelekanga ngexesha lokuhamba.
● Ukulandelela: Iinkqubo zokulandelela zanamhlanje zivumela umthumeli kunye nomamkeli ukuba balandele inkqubela yokuthunyelwa ngexesha langempela, ukuqinisekisa ukungafihli kunye nokuhlaziywa kwangexesha.
● Ukuhanjiswa: Imibhobho yothulwa kwindawo ekuyiwa kuyo, kulandelwa iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokothula ukuze kuthintelwe umonakalo.
● Ukuhlolwa: Ekufikeni, imibhobho inokuhlolwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe imeko yayo kunye nokuhambelana neenkcukacha ngaphambi kokuba yamkelwe ngummkeli.
Ukupakishwa okufanelekileyo kunye neendlela zokuthutha kunceda ukukhusela umonakalo, ukugcina ingqibelelo yemibhobho yensimbi ye-LSAW, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba bafikelela kwiindawo zabo ezijoliswe kuzo ngokukhuselekileyo nangemeko efanelekileyo.
