Iindaba - I-API 5L Umbhobho womgca: Isikhokelo esiBanzi sokuBunjwa kweMichiza kunye nokuSebenza

Intshayelelo:

I-API 5L yinkcazo esemgangathweni esekwe yi-American Petroleum Institute (API) kwimibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo kunye ne-welded esetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zothutho ngaphakathi kwe-petroleum kunye negesi yendalo.I-Womic Steel, umenzi ohamba phambili we-API 5L wemibhobho yomgca, unikezela uluhlu olubanzi lweemveliso ezihlangabezana namabakala ahlukeneyo kunye neenkcukacha.Eli nqaku linika uthelekiso olucacileyo lokubunjwa kweekhemikhali, iipropathi zomatshini, kunye nemigangatho yokuvavanya kwimigangatho eyahlukeneyo ye-API 5L, zombini i-PSL1 kunye ne-PSL2 kwiintlobo ezintathu zemibhobho: i-ERW (i-Electric Resistance Welded), i-LSAW (i-Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welded), kunye ne-SMLS (Ingenamthungo).

Ubunakho beMveliso kunye noluhlu:

制造方法 Uhlobo	钢级起 Grd.Min	钢级止 Grd.Max	外径起 OD Min mm	外径止 OD Max mm	壁厚起 WT Min mm	壁厚止 Ubukhulu be-WT mm	生产能力 Yindlebe MT/a
I-SMLS	B	X80Q	33.4	457	3.4	60	200000
HFW	B	X80M	219.1	610	4.0	19.1	200000
SAWL	B	X100M	508	1422	6.0	40	500000

Ukunyamezelwa kweDayimitha yaNgaphandle

标准 Umgangatho	外径范围 Ubungakanani	外径公差 Ukunyamezelwa kweDiameter				椭圆度 Ngaphandle kokuRoundness
		管体 Umzimba wePipe		管端 Ukuphela kombhobho		管体 Umzimba wePipe	管端 Ukuphela kombhobho
		无缝 I-SMLS	焊管 Weldec	无缝 I-SMLS	焊管 Welded	无缝 I-SMLS	焊管 Welded
API SPEC 5L SO 3183 GB/T9711	D<60.3mm	+0.4mm/-0.8mm		+1.6mm/-0.4mm
	60.3mm≤D≤168.3mm	+0.75%/-0.75%				≤2.0%	≤1.5%
	168.3mm			+0.5%/-0.5%
	320mm			+1.6mm/-1.6mm
	426mm	+0.75%/-0.75%	+3.2mm/-3.2mm
	610mm	+1.0%/-1.0%	+0.5%/-0.5%	±2.0mm	±1.6mm	≤1.5%	≤1.0%
	800mm		+4mm/-4mm
	1000mm	+1.0%/-1.0%	+4mm/-4mm			≤15mm	≤1.0%
	1300mm	+1.0%/-1.0%	+4mm/-4mm			≤15mm	≤13mm

Qaphela: I-D yi-dimeter yangaphandle yegama lombhobho.

Ukunyamezela ukutyeba kweendonga

标准 Umgangatho	外径范围 Icaciswe Ngaphandle Ububanzi	壁厚范围 Ukutyeba kweendonga	壁厚公差 Ukunyamezela ukutyeba kweendonga	壁厚公差 Ukunyamezela ukutyeba kweendonga
标准 Umgangatho	外径范围 Icaciswe Ngaphandle Ububanzi	壁厚范围 Ukutyeba kweendonga	无缝 Umbhobho we-SMLS	焊管 Umbhobho odityanisiweyo
API SPEC 5L ISO 3183 GB/T 9711	-	t≤4.0mm	+0.6mm/-0.5mm	+0.5mm/-0.5mm
	-	4.0mm	+15%/-12.5%	+0.5mm/-0.5mm
	-	5.0mm		+10%/-10%
	-	15.0mmst<25.0mm		+1.5mm/-1.5mm
	-	25.0mm≤t<30.0mm	+3.7mm/-3.0mm
	-	30.0mm≤t<37.0mm	+3.7mm/-10.0%
	-	t≥37.0mm	+10.0%/-10.0%

Uhlalutyo lweMichiza

标准 Umgangatho	钢管种类 Uhlobo loMbhobho	等级 Iklasi	钢级 IBanga	C	Si	Mn	P	S	V	Nb	T	CE	Pcm	备注 Phawula
标准 Umgangatho	钢管种类 Uhlobo loMbhobho	等级 Iklasi	钢级 IBanga	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	备注 Phawula
API SPEC 5L ISO 3183 GB/T 9711	无缝管 I-SMLS	PSL1	L210 okanye A	0.22		0.90	0.030	0.030						e,o
			L245 okanye B	0.28		1.20	0.030	0.030						c,d,e,o
			L290 okanye X42	0.28		1.30	0.030	0.030						de, o
			L320 okanye X46	0.28		1.40	0.030	0.030						d,e,o
			L360 okanye X52	0.28		1.40	0.030	0.030						d,e,o
			L390 okanye X56	0.28		1.40	0.030	0.030						d,e,o
			L415 okanye X60	0.28		1.40	0.030	0.030						d,e,o
			L450 okanye X65	0.28		1.40	0.030	0.030						de,o
			L485 okanye X70	0.28		1.40	0.030	0.030						d,e,o
		PSL2	I-L245N okanye i-BN	0.24	0.40	1.20	0.025	0.015			0.04	0.43	0.25	ICFO
			L290N okanye X42N	0.24	0.40	1.20	0.025	0.015	0.06	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	f,o
			L320N okanye X46N	0.24	0.40	1.40	0.025	0.015	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	d,f,o
			L360N okanye X52N	0.24	0.45	1.40	0.025	0.015	0.10	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	d,f,o
			L390N okanye X56N	0.24	0.45	1.40	0.025	0.015	0.10	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	d,f,o
			L415N okanye X60N	0.24	0.45	1.40	0.025	0.015	0.10	0.05	0.04	Njengoko kuvunyelwene		d,g,o
			L245Q okanye BQ	0.18	0.45	1.40	0.025	0.015	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	f,o
			L290Q okanye X42Q	0.18	0.45	1.40	0.025	0.015	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	f,o
			I-L320Q okanye iX46Q	0.18	0.45	1.40	0.025	0.015	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	f,o
			13600 okanye × 52Q	0.18	0.45	1.50	0.025	0.015	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	f,o
			L390Q okanye X56Q	0.18	0.45	1.50	0.025	0.015	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	d,f,o
			I-L415Q okanye i-X60Q	0.18	0.45	1.70	0.025	0.015				0.43	0.25	d,g,o
			L450Q okanye X65Q	0.18	0.45	1.70	0.025	0.015				0.43	0.25	d,g,o
			L485Q okanye X70Q	0.18	0.45	1.80	0.025	0.015				0.43	0.25	d,g,o
			L555Q okanye X80Q	0.18	0.45	1.90	0.025	0.015				Njengoko kuvunyelwene		Mholo
		酸性服役条件 Kuba muncu inkonzo	L245NS okanye BNS	0.14	0.40	1.35	0.020	0.008			0.04	0.36	0.22	c,d,j,k
			L290NS okanye X42NS	0.14	0.40	1.35	0.020	0.008	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.36	0.22	j,k
			L320NS okanye X46NS	0.14	0.40	1.40	0.020	0.008	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.38	0.23	dj,k
			L360NS okanye X52NS	0.16	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.008	0.10	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	d,j,k
			I-L245QS okanye i-BQS	0.14	0.40	1.35	0.020	0.008	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.34	0.22	j,k
			L290QS okanye X42QS	0.14	0.40	1.35	0.020	0.008	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.34	0.22	j,k
			I-L320QS okanye i-X46QS	0.15	0.45	1.40	0.020	0.008	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.36	0.23	j,k
			L360QS okanye X52QS	0.16	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.008	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.39	0.23	d,j,k
			L390QS okanye X56QS	0.16	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.008	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.40	0.24	d,j,k
			I-L415QS okanye i-X60QS	0.16	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.008	0.08	0.05	0.04	0.41	0.25	dj,k
			I-L450QS okanye i-X65QS	0.16	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.008	0.09	0.05	0.06	0.42	0.25	d,j,k
			I-L485QS okanye i-X70QS	0.16	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.008	0.09	0.05	0.06	0.42	0.25	d,j,k

标准 Umgangatho	钢管种类 Uhlobo loMbhobho	等级 Iklasi	钢级 IBanga	C	Si	Mn	P	S	V	Nb	Ti	CEa	Pcm	备注 Phawula
标准 Umgangatho	钢管种类 Uhlobo loMbhobho	等级 Iklasi	钢级 IBanga	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	备注 Phawula
AP\|SPEC 5L ISO 3183 GB/T 9711	无缝管 I-SMLS	海上服役条件 Kuba kude nonxweme inkonzo	L245NO okanye BNO	0.14	0.40	1.35	0.020	0.010			0.04	0.36	0.22	c,d,mna,m
			L290NO okanye X42NO	0.14	0.40	1.35	0.020	0.010	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.36	0.22	l,m
			L320NO okanye X46NO	0.14	0.40	1.40	0.020	0.010	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.38	0.23	d,mna,m
			L360NO okanye X52NO	0.16	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.010	0.10	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	d, mna
			L245QO okanye BQO	0.14	0.40	1.35	0.020	0.010	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.34	0.22	l,m
			L290QO okanye X42Q0	0.14	0.40	1.35	0.020	0.010	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.34	0.22	l,m
			L320QO okanye X46QO	0.15	0.45	1.40	0.020	0.010	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.36	0.23	l,m
			L360QO okanye X52QO	0.16	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.010	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.39	0.23	d,mna,n
			L390QO okanye X56Q0	0.15	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.010	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.40	0.24	d,mna,n
			L415QO okanye X60QO	0.15	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.010	0.08	0.05	0.04	0.41	0.25	d,mna,n
			L455QO okanye X65QO	0.15	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.010	0.09	0.05	0.06	0.42	0.25	d,mna,n
			L485Q0 okanye X70Q0	0.17	0.45	1.75	0.020	0.010	0.10	0.05	0.06	0.42	0.25	d,l,n
			L555QO okanye X80QO	0.17	0.45	1.85	0.020	0.010	0.10	0.06	0.06	Njengoko kuvunyelwene		d,mna,n
	焊管 WELD	PSL1	L245 okanye B	0.26		1.20	0.030	0.030						cd,e,c
			L290 okanyeX42	0.26		1.30	0.030	0.030						d,e,o
			L320 okanyeX46	0.26		1.40	0.030	0.030						d,e,o
			L360 okanye X52	0.26		1.40	0.030	0.030						d,e,o
			L390 okanyeX56	0.26		1.40	0.030	0.030						d,e,o
			L415 okanyeX60	0.26		1.40	0.030	0.030						d,e,o
			L450 okanye X65	0.26		1.45	0.030	0.030						d,e,o
			L485 okanye X70	0.26		1.65	0.030	0.030						d,e,o
		PSL2	1245M okanye BM	0.22	0.45	1.20	0.025	0.015	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	f,o
			L290M okanye X42M	0.22	0.45	1.30	0.025	0.015	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	f,o
			L320M okanye X46M	0.22	0.45	1.30	0.025	0.015	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.43	0.25	f,o
			L360M okanye X52M	0.22	0.45	1.40	0.025	0.015				0.43	0.25	d,f,o
			L390M okanye X56M	0.22	0.45	1.40	0.025	0.015				0.43	0.25	d,f,o
			L415M okanye X60M	0.12	0.45	1.60	0.025	0.015				0.43	0.25	d,g,o
			L450M okanye X65M	0.12	0.45	1.60	0.025	0.015				0.43	0.25	d,g,o
			L485M okanye X70M	0.12	0.45	1.70	0.025	0.015				0.43	0.25	d,g,o
			L555M okanye X80M	0.12	0.45	1.85	0.025	0.015				0.43	0.25	d,g,o

标准 Umgangatho	钢管种类 Uhlobo loMbhobho	等级 Iklasi	钢级 IBanga	C	Si	Mn	P	S	V	Nb	T	CEa	Pcm	备注 Phawula
标准 Umgangatho	钢管种类 Uhlobo loMbhobho	等级 Iklasi	钢级 IBanga	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	max	备注 Phawula
API SPEC 5L ISO 3183 GB/T 9711	焊管 WELD	酸性服役条件 Kuba muncu inkonzo	L245MS okanye BMS	0.10	0.40	1.25	0.020	0.002	0.04	0.04	0.04		0.19	j,k
			L290MS okanye X42MS	0.10	0.40	1.25	0.020	0.002	0.04	0.04	0.04		0.19	j,k
			L320MS okanye X46MS	0.10	0.45	1.35	0.020	0.002	0.05	0.05	0.04		0.20	j,k
			L360MS okanye X52MS	0.10	0.45	1.45	0.020	0.002	0.05	0.06	0.04		0.20	j,k
			L390MS okanye X56MS	0.10	0.45	1.45	0.020	0.002	0.06	0.08	0.04		0.21	d,j,k
			L415MS okanye X60MS	0.10	0.45	1.45	0.020	0.002	0.08	0.08	0.06		0.21	d,j,k
			L450MS okanye X65MS	0.10	0.45	1.60	0.020	0.002	0.10	0.08	0.06		0.22	d,j,k
			L485MS okanye X70MS	0.10	0.45	1.60	0.020	0.002	0.10	0.08	0.06		0.22	dj,k
		海上服役条件 Kuba kude nonxweme inkonzo	L245MO okanye BMO	0.12	0.40	1.25	0.020	0.010	0.04	0.04	0.04		0.19	l,m
			L290MO okanye X42MO	0.12	0.40	1.35	0.020	0.010	0.04	0.04	0.04		0.19	l,m
			L320MO okanye X46MO	0.12	0.45	1.35	0.020	0.010	0.05	0.05	0.04		0.20	mna, m
			L360MO okanye X52MO	0.12	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.010	0.05	0.05	0.04		0.20	d,mna,n
			L390MO okanye X56MO	0.12	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.010	0.06	0.08	0.04		0.21	d,l,n
			L415MO okanye X60MO	0.12	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.010	0.08	0.08	0.06		0.21	d,mna,n
			L450MO okanye X65MO	0.12	0.45	1.65	0.020	0.010	0.10	0.08	0.06		0.222	d,mna,n
			L485MO okanye X70MO	0.12	0.45	1.75	0.020	0.010	0.10	0.08	0.06		0.22	d,l,n
			L555MO okanye X80MO	0.12	0.45	1.85	0.020	0.010	0.10	0.08	0.06		0.24	d,mna,n

标准 Umgangatho	等级 Iklasi	钢级 IBanga		屈服强度 I-Rt0.5(MPa) Unikeze Amandla	抗拉强度 Rm(MPa) Tensile strength	延伸率 Af (%) Ukwandisa	屈强比 Rt0.5/Rm	焊缝抗拉强度 Rm(MPa) Tensile strength yeWeld Seam
API SPEC 5L ISO 3183 GB/T 9711	PSL1	L210 okanye A	Min	210	335	a		335
		L245 okanye B	Min	245	415	a		415
		L290 okanye X42	Min	290	415	a		415
		L320 okanye X46	Min	320	435	a		435
		L360 okanye X52	Min	360	460	a		460
		L390 okanye X56	Min	390	490	a		490
		L415 okanye X60	Min	415	520	a		520
		L450 okanye X65	Min	450	535	a		535
		L485 okanye X70	Min	485	570	a		570
	PSL2	I-L245N okanye i-BN L245Q okanye BQ L245M okanye BM	Min	245	415	a		415
		I-L245N okanye i-BN L245Q okanye BQ L245M okanye BM	Max	450	655		0.93
		L290N okanye X42N L290Q okanye X42Q L290M okanye X42M	Min	290	415	a		415
		L290N okanye X42N L290Q okanye X42Q L290M okanye X42M	Max	495	655		0.93
		L320N okanye X46N L320Q okanye X46Q L320M okanye X46M	Min	320	435	a		435
		L320N okanye X46N L320Q okanye X46Q L320M okanye X46M	Max	525	655		0.93
		L360N okanye X52N L360Q okanye X52Q L360M okanye X52M	Min	360	460	a		460
		L360N okanye X52N L360Q okanye X52Q L360M okanye X52M	Max	530	760		0.93
		L390N okanye X56N L390Q okanye X56Q L390M okanye X56M	Min	390	490	a		490
		L390N okanye X56N L390Q okanye X56Q L390M okanye X56M	Max	545	760		0.93
		L415N okanye X60N I-L415Q okanye i-X60Q L415M okanye X60M	Min	415	520	a		520
		L415N okanye X60N I-L415Q okanye i-X60Q L415M okanye X60M	Max	565	760		0.93
		L450Q okanye X65Q L450M okanye X65M	Min	450	535	a		535
		L450Q okanye X65Q L450M okanye X65M	Max	600	760		0.93
		L485Q okanye X70Q L485M okanye X70M	Min	485	570	a		570
		L485Q okanye X70Q L485M okanye X70M	Max	635	760		0.93
		L555Q okanye X80Q L555M okanye X80M	Min	555	625	a		625
		L555Q okanye X80Q L555M okanye X80M	Max	705	825		0.93
		L625M okanye X90M	Min	625	695	a		695
		L625M okanye X90M	Max	775	915		0.95
		L690M okanye X100M	Min	690	760	a		760
		L690M okanye X100M	Max	840	990		0.97
		L830M okanye X120M	Min	830	915	a		915
		L830M okanye X120M	Max	1050	1145		0.99

标准 Umgangatho	等级 Iklasi	钢级 IBanga		屈服强度 I-Rt0.5 (MPa) Unikeze Amandla	抗拉强度 Rm(MPa) Tensile strength	延伸率 Af (%) Ukwandisa	屈强比 Rt0.5/Rm	焊缝抗拉强度 Rm(MPa) Tensile strength yeWeld Seam
API SPEC 5L ISO 3183 GB/T 9711	酸性服役条件 Kuba muncu inkonzo	L245NS okanye BNS I-L245QS okanye i-BQS L245MS okanye BMS	Min	245	415	a		415
		L245NS okanye BNS I-L245QS okanye i-BQS L245MS okanye BMS	Max	450	655		0.93
		L290NS okanye X42NS L290QS okanye X42QS L290MS okanye X42MS	Min	290	415	a		415
		L290NS okanye X42NS L290QS okanye X42QS L290MS okanye X42MS	Max	495	655		0.93
		L320NS okanye X46NS I-L320QS okanye i-X46QS L320MS okanye X46MS	Min	320	435	a		435
			Max	525	655		0.93
		L360NS okanye X52NS L360QS okanye X52QS L360MS okanye X52MS	Min	360	460	a		460
		L360NS okanye X52NS L360QS okanye X52QS L360MS okanye X52MS	Max	530	760		0.93
		L390QS okanye X56QS L390MS okanye X56MS	Min	390	490	a		490
		L390QS okanye X56QS L390MS okanye X56MS	Max	545	760		0.93
		I-L415QS okanye i-X60QS L415MS okanye X60MS	Min	415	520	a		520
		I-L415QS okanye i-X60QS L415MS okanye X60MS	Max	565	760		0.93
		I-L450QS okanye i-X65QS L450MS okanye X65MS	Min	450	535	a		535
		I-L450QS okanye i-X65QS L450MS okanye X65MS	Max	600	760		0.93
		I-L485QS okanye i-X70QS L485MS okanye X70MS	Min	485	570	a		570
		I-L485QS okanye i-X70QS L485MS okanye X70MS	Max	635	760		0.93
	海上服役条件 Kuba kude nonxweme inkonzo	L245NO okanye BNO L245QO okanye BQO L245MO okanye BMO	Min	245	415	a	-	415
		L245NO okanye BNO L245QO okanye BQO L245MO okanye BMO	Max	450	655		0.93
		L290NO okanye X42NO L290Q0 okanye X42Q0 L290MO okanye X42MO	Min	290	415	a		415
		L290NO okanye X42NO L290Q0 okanye X42Q0 L290MO okanye X42MO	Max	495	655		0.93
		L320NO okanye X46NO L320QO okanye X46QO L320MO okanye X46MO	Min	320	435	a		435
		L320NO okanye X46NO L320QO okanye X46QO L320MO okanye X46MO	Max	520	655		0.93
		L360NO okanye X52NO L360QO okanye X52QO L360MO okanye X52MO	Min	360	460	a		460
		L360NO okanye X52NO L360QO okanye X52QO L360MO okanye X52MO	Max	525	760		0.93
		L390QO okanye X56QO L390MO okanye X56MO	Min	390	490	a		490
		L390QO okanye X56QO L390MO okanye X56MO	Max	540	760		0.93
		L415QO okanye X60QO L415MO okanye X60MO	Min	415	520	a	-	520
		L415QO okanye X60QO L415MO okanye X60MO	Max	565	760		0.93
		L450QO okanye X65QO L450MO okanye X65MO	Min	450	535	a	-	535
		L450QO okanye X65QO L450MO okanye X65MO	Max	570	760		0.93
		L485Q0 okanye X70Q0 L485MO okanye X70MO	Min	485	570	a		570
		L485Q0 okanye X70Q0 L485MO okanye X70MO	Max	605	760		0.93
		L555QO okanye X80QO L555MO okanye X80MO	Min	555	625	a		625
		L555QO okanye X80QO L555MO okanye X80MO	Max	675	825		0.93

Qaphela: a: Obona bude buncinane kusetyenziswa le nxaki ilandelayo: A1=1940*A0.2/U0.9

钢级 IBanga	管体最小横向冲击功(1(2)(3) Transverse Minimum Impact of Body Pipe (J)					焊缝最小横向冲击功(1(2(3) Ubuncinci obunqamlezileyo Impembelelo yeWeld (J)
钢级 IBanga	D≤508	508mm<D ≤762mm	762mm <D ≤914mm	914mm<D ≤1219mm	1219mm <D ≤1422mm	D <1422mm	D=1422mm
≤L415 okanye X60	27(20)	27(20)	40(30)	40(30)	40(30)	27(20)	40(30)
>L415 okanye X60 ≤L450 okanye X65	27(20)	27(20)	40(30)	40(30)	54(40)	27(20)	40(30)
>L450 okanye X65 ≤L485 okanye X70	27(20)	27(20)	40(30)	40(30)	54(40)	27(20)	40(30)
>L485 okanye X70 ≤L555 okanye X80	40(30)	40(30)	40(30)	40(30)	54(40)	27(20)	40(30)

Qaphela: (1)Amaxabiso akwitheyibhile afanelekele ubungakanani obupheleleyo besampulu esemgangathweni.
(2) Ixabiso elingaphakathi kwisibiyeli lelona xabiso liphantsi liphantsi, isibiyeli sangaphandle lixabiso eliphakathi.
(3)Uvavanyo lobushushu: 0°C.

Imigangatho yoVavanyo:

Imibhobho yomgca ye-API 5L eyenziwe yi-Womic Steel ivavanywa ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iyahlangabezana neyona migangatho iphezulu yomgangatho.Imigangatho yovavanyo ibandakanya:

Uhlalutyo lweMichiza:
Ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali zensimbi kuhlalutywa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba kuhambelana neemfuno ze-API 5L.
Uhlalutyo lwekhemikhali luqhutyelwa ngokusebenzisa i-spectrometer yokufunda ngokuthe ngqo ukucacisa ngokuchanekileyo ukubunjwa kwe-elemental yensimbi.

Uvavanyo loomatshini:
Iipropathi zoomatshini ezifana namandla esivuno, amandla okuqina, kunye nobude obude ziyavavanywa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyahlangabezana neemfuno ezichaziweyo.
Uvavanyo lomatshini lwenziwa ngokusebenzisa umatshini wokuvavanya i-tonsile ye-60 ukulinganisa amandla kunye ne-ductility yentsimbi.

Uvavanyo lweHydrostatic:
Uvavanyo lwe-Hydrostatic luqhutyelwa ukujonga ingqibelelo yombhobho kwaye iqinisekise ukuba inokumelana neemfuno zoxinzelelo lwesicelo sayo esijoliswe kuyo.
Imibhobho izaliswe ngamanzi kwaye iphantsi koxinzelelo, kunye nobude bovavanyo kunye namanqanaba oxinzelelo oluchazwe yimigangatho ye-API 5L.

Uvavanyo olungangonakalisi (NDT):
Iindlela ze-NDT ezifana novavanyo lwe-ultrasonic (UT) kunye novavanyo lwe-magnetic particle (MT) zisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa naziphi na iziphene okanye ukuchithwa kwipayipi.
I-UT isetyenziselwa ukuchonga iziphene zangaphakathi, ngelixa i-MT isetyenziselwa ukufumanisa iziphene zomhlaba.

Uvavanyo lweMpembelelo:
Uvavanyo lwempembelelo lwenziwa ukuvavanya ukuqina kwentsimbi kumaqondo aphantsi.
Uvavanyo lwempembelelo yeCharpy luqhele ukusetyenziswa ukulinganisa amandla empembelelo afunnwe yintsimbi.

Uvavanyo lokuqina:
Uvavanyo lobunzima lwenziwa ukuvavanya ubunzima bentsimbi, enokuthi ibonise amandla ayo kunye nokufaneleka kwezicelo ezithile.
Uvavanyo lobulukhuni beRockwell luhlala lusetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ubulukhuni bentsimbi.
Uvavanyo lweMicrostructure:
Uvavanyo lwe-Microstructure lwenziwa ukuvavanya ukwakheka kweenkozo kunye nomgangatho opheleleyo wentsimbi.
I-microscope ye-metallurgical isetyenziselwa ukuhlola i-microstructure yentsimbi kunye nokuchonga nayiphi na into engaqhelekanga.

Ngokuthobela le migangatho yovavanyo engqongqo, i-Womic Steel iqinisekisa ukuba imibhobho yomgca we-API 5L ihlangabezana nezona mfuno ziphezulu zomgangatho kwaye ibonelele ngokusebenza okuthembekileyo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino.

Inkqubo yeMveliso:

1. Imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo:
- Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziluhlaza: Iibhilithi zetsimbi ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezijikelezayo zikhethwa ukuveliswa kweepayipi zensimbi ezingenamthungo.
- Ukufudumeza nokugqobhoza: Iibhilithi zifudunyezwa kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu kwaye emva koko zigqojozwe ukwenza iqokobhe elinomgongxo.
- Ukuqengqeleka kunye nobungakanani: Iqokobhe eligqojoziweyo liyaqengqeleka kwaye lolulelwe kububanzi obufunwayo kunye nobukhulu.
- Ukunyangwa kobushushu: Imibhobho iphantsi kweenkqubo zonyango lobushushu ezifana ne-annealing okanye i-normalizing ukuphucula iimpawu zabo zoomatshini.
- Ukugqiba: Imibhobho ingena kwiinkqubo zokugqiba ezinje ngokuqondisa, ukusika, kunye nokuhlolwa.
- Uvavanyo: Imibhobho ivavanywa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa uvavanyo lwe-hydrostatic, uvavanyo lwe-ultrasonic, kunye novavanyo lwangoku lwe-eddy, ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wabo.
- Unyango loMphezulu: Imibhobho inokugqunywa okanye inyangwe ukunqanda ukubola kunye nokuphucula inkangeleko yayo.
- Ukupakishwa kunye nokuThunyelwa: Iipayipi zipakishwe ngokucophelela kwaye zithunyelwa kubathengi.

2. LSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welding) Imibhobho yentsimbi:
- Ukulungiswa kwePlate: Iiplati zetsimbi ezikumgangatho ophezulu zilungiselelwe ukuveliswa kwemibhobho ye-LSAW.
- Ukubumba: Iipleyiti zenziwe zibe yimo "U" kusetyenziswa umatshini wokugoba kwangaphambili.
- Ukuwelda: Iipleyiti ezinobumba "U" ziye zidityaniswe kunye kusetyenziswa inkqubo ye-arc entywilayo.
- Ukwandiswa: I-welded seam yandiswa ukuya kwi-diameter efunwayo kusetyenziswa umatshini wokwandisa wangaphakathi okanye wangaphandle.
- Ukuhlolwa: Imibhobho iyahlolwa ukuze ifumane iziphene kunye nokuchaneka komda.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Ultrasonic: Imibhobho iphantsi kovavanyo lwe-ultrasonic ukufumanisa naziphi na iziphene zangaphakathi.
- Beveling: Iziphelo zombhobho zibhantshiwe ukwenzela ukuwelda.
- Ukwambathisa nokuMakisha: Imibhobho inokugqunywa kwaye imakishwe ngokweemfuno zabaxumi.
- Ukupakishwa kunye nokuThunyelwa: Imibhobho ipakishwe kwaye ithunyelwe kubathengi.

3. HFW (High-Frequency Welding) Imibhobho yentsimbi:
- Ukulungiswa kweCoil: Iikhoyili zentsimbi zilungiselelwe ukuveliswa kwemibhobho yeHFW.
- Ukubunjwa kunye ne-Welding: Iikhoyili zenziwe zibe yi-cylindrical shape kwaye zidibanise usebenzisa i-welding high-frequency welding.
- I-Weld Seam Heating: Umthungo we-weld ufudunyezwa kwiqondo lobushushu be-welding usebenzisa ukufudumala kwe-high-frequency induction.
- Ubungakanani: Umbhobho odityanisiweyo ulingana nobukhulu obufunekayo kunye nobukhulu.
- Ukusika kunye neBeveling: Umbhobho unqunywe ubude obufunekayo kwaye iziphelo zifakwe kwi-welding.
- Ukuhlolwa: Imibhobho iyahlolwa ukuze ifumane iziphene kunye nokuchaneka komda.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Hydrostatic: Imibhobho ivavanyelwa amandla kunye nokuvuza kusetyenziswa uvavanyo lwe-hydrostatic.
- Ukwambathisa kunye nokuMakisha: Imibhobho igqunywe kwaye imakishwe ngokweemfuno zabathengi.
- Ukupakishwa kunye nokuThunyelwa: Imibhobho ipakishwe kwaye ithunyelwe kubathengi.

Ezi nkqubo zemveliso zineenkcukacha ziqinisekisa umgangatho ophezulu kunye nokuthembeka kwemibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo, i-LSAW, kunye ne-HFW eyenziwe yi-Womic Steel, ehlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zamashishini ahlukeneyo.

Unyango olungaphezulu:

Unyango olungaphezulu lwentsimbi yombhobho lubalulekile ekuphuculeni ukuxhathisa ukubola kunye nobomi benkonzo.I-Womic Steel isebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango zomphezulu zixhomekeke kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo zabathengi, kubandakanya:
1. I-Hot-dip Galvanizing: Umbhobho wentsimbi untywiliselwa kwi-zinc etyhidiweyo ukwenza umaleko okhuselayo we-zinc-iron alloy, uphucula ukuxhathisa ukubola.I-Hot-dip galvanizing ifanelekile kwimibhobho eqhelekileyo kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi.
2. I-Anti-corrosion Coatings: Iingubo eziqhelekileyo ezichasene ne-corrosion ziquka iingubo ze-epoxy, iingubo ze-polyethylene, kunye ne-polyurethane.Ezi zambatho zithintela ngokufanelekileyo i-oxidation kunye nokubola phezu kobuso bombhobho wensimbi, ukwandisa ubomi bayo benkonzo.
3. I-Sandblasting: I-Speed-speed abrasive blasting isetyenziselwa ukucoca umbhobho wensimbi, ukususa i-rust kunye nokungcola ukusuka phezulu, ukubonelela ngesiseko esihle sonyango olulandelayo.
4. Unyango loKutyabeka: Umphezulu wombhobho wentsimbi unokuqatywa ngepeyinti echasene nokudleka, iipeyinti ze-asphalt, kunye nezinye izinto zokugquma ukomeleza ukuxhathisa kwayo ekudlekeni, ngokufanelekileyo kwimibhobho engaphantsi komhlaba kunye nemibhobho ekwimo engqongileyo yaselwandle.

Ezi ndlela zonyango zomphezulu zikhusela ngokufanelekileyo intsimbi yombhobho kwi-corrosion kunye nomonakalo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwayo kunye nokuqina kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezinzima.

UkuPakisha kunye noThutho:

I-Womic Steel iqinisekisa ukupakishwa okukhuselekileyo kunye nokuthuthwa okuthembekileyo kwentsimbi yombhobho, inika iinketho eziguquguqukayo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zabathengi:

1. I-Bulk Cargo: Kwii-odolo ezinkulu, intsimbi yombhobho ingathunyelwa ngobuninzi kusetyenziswa abathwali abakhethekileyo.Intsimbi ilayishwe ngokuthe ngqo kwinqanawa ngaphandle kokupakishwa, ifanelekile ukuthutha okunexabiso elikhulu.
2. I-LCL (Ngaphantsi kwe-Container Load): Kwii-odolo ezincinci, insimbi yepayipi ingathunyelwa njengempahla ye-LCL, apho ii-odolo ezincinci ezininzi zihlanganiswe kwisitya esinye.Le ndlela ineendleko ezisebenzayo kwimiyinge emincinci kwaye inikezela ngeeshedyuli zonikezelo eziguquguqukayo.
3. I-FCL (i-Full Container Load): Abathengi banokukhetha ukuthunyelwa kwe-FCL, apho isitya esipheleleyo sinikezelwa kwi-oda yabo.Le ndlela ibonelela ngamaxesha okuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye inciphisa umngcipheko womonakalo ngexesha lokuphatha.
4. Uthutho loMoya: Kwii-odolo eziphuthumayo, imithwalo yomoya iyafumaneka ukuhanjiswa ngokukhawuleza.Ngelixa kubiza kakhulu kunothutho lwaselwandle, imithwalo yomoya ibonelela ngezothutho ezikhawulezayo nezithembekileyo zothutho oluthatha ixesha.

I-Womic Steel iqinisekisa ukuba zonke iimpahla ezithunyelwayo zipakishwe ngokukhuselekileyo ukuthintela umonakalo ngexesha lothutho.Intsimbi ngokuqhelekileyo ifakwe kwizinto ezikhuselayo kwaye ikhuselwe kwizikhongozeli okanye kwiipalati ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza ngexesha lokuhamba.Ukongeza, inkampani isebenza ngokusondeleyo kunye namaqabane athembekileyo okuhambisa ngenqanawa ukuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwangexesha kunye nolawulo olusebenzayo lolungiselelo.

Iimeko zesicelo:

Imibhobho yomgca ye-API 5L eveliswe yi-Womic Steel isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-petroleum kunye ne-natural gas kumashishini okuthutha i-oyile, igesi, kunye nolunye ulwelo.Zikwasetyenziswa kwamanye amashishini ahlukeneyo afana nokulungiswa kweekhemikhali, ukwenziwa kombane, kunye nokwakha.

Isiphelo:

I-Womic Steel ngumvelisi othembekileyo we-API 5L yemibhobho yomgca, enikezela ngeemveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezihlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo ze-petroleum kunye negesi yendalo.Ngokugxila kumgangatho, ukuthembeka, kunye nokwaneliseka kwabathengi, iWomic Steel iyaqhubeka ilukhetho olukhethwayo kubathengi kwihlabathi liphela.

Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-22-2024

I-API 5L Umbhobho woMda: Isikhokelo esiBanzi sokuBunjwa kweMichiza kunye nokuSebenza