Intsimbi yeCarbon
Intsimbi eneempawu zomatshini zixhomekeke ngokukodwa kumxholo wekhabhoni wentsimbi kwaye akukho nto ibalulekileyo yokudibanisa i-alloying iyongezwa ngokubanzi, ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-carbon carbon okanye i-carbon steel.
Intsimbi yeCarbon, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-carbon steel, ibhekisa kwi-iron-carbon alloys equlethe ngaphantsi kwe-2% yekhabhoni WC.
Intsimbi yeCarbon ngokubanzi iqulethe ixabiso elincinci le-silicon, i-manganese, isulfure kunye ne-phosphorus ngaphezu kwekhabhoni.
Ngokutsho kokusetyenziswa kwentsimbi ye-carbon inokwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amathathu ensimbi ye-carbon structural, i-carbon tool steel kunye ne-free cut structural steel, i-carbon structural steel yahlulwe ibe ziindidi ezimbini zentsimbi yokwakha kunye nokwakhiwa komatshini;
Ngokwendlela yokunyibilikisa inokwahlulwa ibe yintsimbi yesithando somlilo, intsimbi yokuguqula kunye nentsimbi yesithando somlilo;
Ngokwendlela ye-deoxidation inokwahlulwa ibe yintsimbi ebilayo (F), intsimbi ehlala phantsi (Z), intsimbi ye-semi-sedentary (b) kunye nentsimbi ekhethekileyo yokuhlala (TZ);
Ngokutsho komxholo wekhabhoni ye-carbon steel ingahlulwa ibe yintsimbi ye-carbon ephantsi (WC ≤ 0.25%), i-carbon steel medium (WC0.25% -0.6%) kunye ne-high carbon steel (WC> 0.6%);
Ngokutsho kwe-phosphorus, umxholo wesulfure we-carbon iron unokwahlulwa ube yintsimbi eqhelekileyo ye-carbon (equlethe i-phosphorus, i-sulphur ephezulu), i-carbon steel ephezulu (equlethe i-phosphorus, i-sulphur ephantsi) kunye nentsimbi ephezulu (equlethe i-phosphorus, isulfure ephantsi) kunye intsimbi ekhethekileyo ekumgangatho ophezulu.
Ukuphakama kwekhabhoni kwintsimbi yekhabhoni ngokubanzi, ubunzima obukhulu, amandla aphezulu, kodwa iplastiki iphantsi.
Yenziwe ngentsimbi eshayinayo
Intsimbi enganyangekiyo enganyangekiyo kubhekiselwa kuyo njengentsimbi engatyiwayo, eyenziwe ngamalungu amabini amakhulu: intsimbi engatyiwa kunye nentsimbi enganyangekiyo.Ngamafutshane, intsimbi ekwaziyo ukuxhathisa i-atmospheric corrosion ibizwa ngokuba yi-stainless steel, ngelixa intsimbi ekwaziyo ukuxhathisa i-corrosion yi-chemical media ebizwa ngokuba yi-acid-resistant steel.Insimbi engenasici yintsimbi ye-alloy ephezulu engaphezulu kwe-60% yentsimbi njenge-matrix, yongeza i-chromium, i-nickel, i-molybdenum kunye nezinye izinto ezixutywayo.
Xa intsimbi iqulethe ngaphezu kwe-12% ye-chromium, intsimbi esemoyeni kunye ne-dilute nitric acid ayilula ukugqwala kunye nokugqwala.Isizathu kukuba i-chromium inokwenza umaleko oqinileyo wefilimu yechromium oxide kumphezulu wentsimbi, ikhusela ngokufanelekileyo intsimbi ekudlekeni.Intsimbi engatyiwayo kumxholo wechromium ngokuqhelekileyo ingaphezulu kwe-14%, kodwa intsimbi engatyiwayo ayinamhlwa ngokupheleleyo.Kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni okanye ungcoliseko lomoya olunzulu, xa isiqulatho se-ion chloride yomoya sisikhulu, umphezulu wentsimbi engatyiwayo evezwe emoyeni unokuba namabala omhlwa, kodwa la mabala omhlwa alinganiselwe kumphezulu kuphela, awayi kukhukulisa isinyithi esingenasici. imatrix yangaphakathi.
Ngokubanzi, isixa se-chrome Wcr enkulu kune-12% yentsimbi ineempawu zentsimbi, insimbi engenasici ngokuhambelana ne-microstructure emva konyango lobushushu inokwahlulwa ngokweendidi ezintlanu: ezizezi, intsimbi ye-ferrite, intsimbi ye-martensitic, i-austenitic stainless. intsimbi, i-austenitic - i-ferrite insimbi engenasici kunye ne-precipitated carbonized steel stainless.
Insimbi engenasici idla ngokuhlulwa yintlangano ye-matrix:
I-1, intsimbi ye-ferritic.Iqulathe 12% ukuya 30% chromium.Ukumelana nokugqwala kwayo, ukuqina kunye ne-weldability kunye nokunyuka komxholo we-chromium kunye nokuphucula ukuxhatshazwa kwe-chloride yoxinzelelo lwe-corrosion kungcono kunezinye iintlobo zensimbi engenasici.
2, intsimbi ye-austenitic engenasici.Iqulethe ngaphezu kwe-18% ye-chromium, iqulethe malunga ne-8% ye-nickel kunye nenani elincinci le-molybdenum, i-titanium, i-nitrogen kunye nezinye izinto.Ukusebenza okubanzi kulungile, kunokumelana neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-corrosion yemidiya.
3Zombini i-austenitic kunye ne-ferritic insimbi engenasici, kwaye ineenzuzo ze-superplasticity.
4, martensitic steel stainless.Amandla aphezulu, kodwa iplastiki ihlwempuzekile kunye ne-weldability.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-15-2023