Ukubola kukutshatyalaliswa okanye ukubola kwezinto okanye iimpawu zazo ezibangelwa yindalo esingqongileyo. Uninzi lokubola lwenzeka kwiindawo ezikumoya, eziqulathe izinto ezibolayo kunye nezinto ezibolayo ezifana neoksijini, ukufuma, utshintsho lobushushu kunye nongcoliseko.
Ukonakala kweCyclic yimeko eqhelekileyo neyona itshabalalisayo emoyeni. Ukonakala kweCyclic Corrosion kumphezulu wezinto zesinyithi kubangelwa zii-ion ze-chloride ezikummandla wesinyithi womaleko oxidiziweyo kunye nomaleko okhuselayo wokungena komphezulu wesinyithi kunye nempendulo yangaphakathi ye-electrochemical yesinyithi ebangelwa yi. Kwangaxeshanye, ii-ion ze-chlorine ziqulathe amandla athile okufunxa amanzi, kulula ukufunxa kwiimbobo zomphezulu wesinyithi, ziqhekeke zixinene kwaye zithathe indawo yeoksijini kumaleko we-oxide, ii-oxide ezinganyibilikiyo zibe zii-chloride ezinyibilikayo, ukuze imeko yomphezulu idlulele kumphezulu osebenzayo.
Uvavanyo lweCyclic Corrosion luhlobo lovavanyo lokusingqongileyo olusebenzisa kakhulu izixhobo zovavanyo lweCyclic Corrosion ukwenza ukulinganisa okwenziweyo kweemeko zokusingqongileyo zeCyclic Corrosion ukuvavanya ukumelana nokugqwala kweemveliso okanye izixhobo zesinyithi. Lwahlulwe lwaba ziindidi ezimbini, olunye lovavanyo lokuvezwa kwendalo, olunye lovavanyo lokulinganisa ngokukhawuleza okwenziweyo kovavanyo lokusingqongileyo lweCyclic Corrosion.
Uvavanyo lwendalo olusebenzisa iCyclic Corrosion olusebenzisa izixhobo zovavanyo lwendalo olusebenzisa iCyclic Corrosion (Umfanekiso), olusebenzisa izixhobo zovavanyo lwendawo ethile - igumbi lovavanyo lweCyclic Corrosion (Umfanekiso), kumthamo walo wendawo kunye neendlela zokwenziwa, nto leyo ekhokelela kwimeko yeCyclic Corrosion ukuvavanya umgangatho wokumelana nokugqwala kweCyclic Corrosion kwimveliso.
Ithelekiswa nendawo yendalo, uxinaniso lwetyuwa ye-chloride kwindawo yayo yeCyclic Corrosion, lunokuba ngamaxesha amaninzi okanye amashumi amaninzi kumxholo weCyclic Corrosion, ukuze izinga lokugqwala linyuke kakhulu, uvavanyo lweCyclic Corrosion kwimveliso, ixesha lokufumana iziphumo nalo lifutshane kakhulu. Njengakwindawo yendalo yokuvezwa kovavanyo lwesampuli yemveliso, ukugqwala kwayo kungathatha unyaka omnye, ngelixa kwimeko yokulinganisa yokwenziwa kweemeko zeCyclic Corrosion, ixesha elide njengeeyure ezingama-24, unokufumana iziphumo ezifanayo.
Ukonakala kweCyclic Corrosion okwenziwa kwilebhu kunokwahlulwahlulwa kube ziindidi ezine
(1)Uvavanyo lwe-Neutral Cyclic Corrosion (uvavanyo lwe-NSS)yindlela yovavanyo lokugqwala ekhawulezileyo eyavela kuqala kwaye okwangoku yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu. Isebenzisa isisombululo se-5% ye-sodium chloride saline, ixabiso lesisombululo le-PH elilungisiweyo kuluhlu olungathathi cala (6.5 ~ 7.2) njengesisombululo sokutshiza. Ubushushu bovavanyo buthathwa ngama-35 ℃, izinga lokuhlawula iimfuno zeCyclic Corrosion kwi-1 ~ 2ml/80cm/h.
(2)Uvavanyo lwe-Acetic acid Cyclic Corrosion (uvavanyo lwe-ASS)Yenziwe ngokusekelwe kuvavanyo lweCyclic Corrosion olungathathi cala. Yeyokongeza i-glacial acetic acid kwisisombululo se-5% yesodium chloride, ukuze ixabiso le-PH lesisombululo linciphe liye malunga ne-3, isisombululo sibe ne-asidi, kwaye ukwakheka kokugqibela kweCyclic Corrosion nako kutshintshwe ukusuka kwi-neutral Cyclic Corrosion ukuya kwi-asidi. Izinga layo lokugqwala likhawuleza ngokuphindwe kathathu kune-NSS test.
(3)Uvavanyo lweCyclic Corrosion olukhawulezileyo olusebenzisa ityuwa yobhedu (CASS)luvavanyo olutsha olusandula ukuphuhliswa lwe-extracurrent Cyclic Corrosion, ubushushu bovavanyo obuyi-50 ℃, isisombululo setyuwa esinomlinganiselo omncinci wetyuwa yobhedu - i-copper chloride, ebangela ukugqwala ngamandla. Izinga layo lokugqwala limalunga nezihlandlo ezisi-8 kunelovavanyo lwe-NSS.
(4)Uvavanyo lwe-Alternating Cyclic Corrosionluvavanyo olupheleleyo lweCyclic Corrosion, oluvavanyo olungathathi cala lweCyclic Corrosion kunye novavanyo lokufuma rhoqo kunye nobushushu. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimveliso ezipheleleyo zohlobo lwe-cavity, ngokungena kwindawo efumileyo, ukuze iCyclic Corrosion ingaveli kuphela kumphezulu wemveliso, kodwa nangaphakathi kwimveliso. Yimveliso kwiCyclic Corrosion kunye nobushushu obufumileyo iimeko ezimbini zendalo ngokutshintshana, kwaye ekugqibeleni ivavanya iimpawu zombane kunye nezoomatshini zemveliso yonke ngotshintsho okanye ngaphandle kotshintsho.
Iziphumo zovavanyo lovavanyo lweCyclic Corrosion zihlala zinikwa ngendlela yokujonga izinto kunokuba zibe yindlela yokujonga izinto. Kukho iindlela ezine zokugweba ezithile.
①indlela yokugweba umlinganiseloyindawo yokugqwala kunye nendawo iyonke yomlinganiselo wepesenti ngokwendlela ethile yokwahlulahlula ibe ngamanqanaba aliqela, ukuya kwinqanaba elithile njengesiseko sokugweba esifanelekileyo, ifanelekile kwiisampuli ezithe tyaba zovavanyo.
②indlela yokulinganisa isigweboUkuba isampuli ilinganisa ubunzima bayo ngaphambi nasemva kwendlela yokuvavanya ukugqwala, bala ubunzima bokulahleka kokugqwala ukuze ugwebe umgangatho wokuxhathisa ukugqwala kwesampuli, ifanelekile ngokukodwa kuvavanyo lomgangatho wokuxhathisa ukugqwala kwesinyithi.
③indlela yokuchonga inkangeleko ekonakalisayoyindlela yokumisela umgangatho, luvavanyo lweCyclic Corrosion, nokuba imveliso ivelisa into yokugqwala ukuze kuchongwe isampuli, imigangatho yemveliso ngokubanzi isetyenziswa kakhulu kule ndlela.
④indlela yohlalutyo lweenkcukacha-manani zedatha yokugqwalaIbonelela ngoyilo lovavanyo lokugqwala, uhlalutyo lwedatha yokugqwala, idatha yokugqwala ukumisela inqanaba lokuzithemba kwendlela, esetyenziswa kakhulu ukuhlalutya, ukugqwala ngokwezibalo, endaweni yokugweba ngokukodwa umgangatho wemveliso ethile.
Uvavanyo lwe-Cyclic Corrosion lwentsimbi engagqwali
Uvavanyo lweCyclic Corrosion lwaqalwa ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, lolona vavanyo lusetyenziswa kakhulu "kuvavanyo lokugqwala", oluthandwa ngumsebenzisi wezixhobo ezimelana nokugqwala kakhulu, lube luvavanyo "oluqhelekileyo". Izizathu eziphambili zezi zilandelayo: ① ukonga ixesha; ② ixabiso eliphantsi; ③ lunokuvavanya iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto; ④ iziphumo zilula kwaye zicacile, zilungele ukusonjululwa kweengxabano zorhwebo.
Enyanisweni, uvavanyo lweCyclic Corrosion lwentsimbi engagqwaliyo lolona lwaziwayo kakhulu - zingaphi iiyure olu vavanyo lweCyclic Corrosion lunokwenziwa? Iingcali azifanele ukuba zingayazi le mibuzo.
Abathengisi bezinto eziphathekayo badla ngokusebenzisaukungasebenzi kakuhleunyango okanyeukuphucula umgangatho wokupholisha umphezulu, njl., ukuphucula ixesha lovavanyo lweCyclic Corrosion lwentsimbi engagqwaliyo. Nangona kunjalo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekuchongeni kukwakheka kwentsimbi engagqwaliyo ngokwayo, oko kukuthi umxholo we-chromium, i-molybdenum kunye ne-nickel.
Okukhona umxholo wezinto ezimbini, i-chromium kunye ne-molybdenum uphezulu, kokukhona ukusebenza kokugqwala okufunekayo ukuze kumelwane nokugqwala okuqhekekileyo kuqale ukubonakala. Olu xhathiso lokugqwala lubonakaliswa ngokwezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi-Ukumelana nokugxusha ngokulinganayoIxabiso (PRE): PRE = %Cr + 3.3 x %Mo.
Nangona i-nickel ingayonyusi ukumelana kwentsimbi kwi-pitting kunye ne-cravice corrosion, inokulibazisa ngempumelelo izinga lokubola emva kokuba inkqubo yokubola iqalile. Iintsimbi ze-austenitic stainless ezine-nickel zidla ngokusebenza ngcono kakhulu kuvavanyo lwe-Cyclic Corrosion, kwaye azidli kakhulu kuneentsimbi ze-ferritic stainless ezine-nickel ferritic stainless ezixhathisa okufanayo kwi-pitting corrosion equivalents.
Izinto ezingaqhelekanga: Kwi-standard 304, i-neutral Cyclic Corrosion idla ngokuba phakathi kweeyure ezingama-48 nezingama-72; kwi-standard 316, i-neutral Cyclic Corrosion idla ngokuba phakathi kweeyure ezingama-72 nezingama-120.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukubaiUkugqwala okujikelezayoUvavanyo luneengxaki ezinkulu xa kuvavanywa iimpawu zentsimbi engagqwaliyo.Umxholo we-chloride kwi-Cyclic Corrosion kuvavanyo lwe-Cyclic Corrosion uphezulu kakhulu, udlula kakhulu imeko-bume yokwenyani, ngoko ke intsimbi engatyiwayo enokumelana nokugqwala kwindawo yokusetyenziswa yokwenyani enomxholo we-chloride ophantsi kakhulu nayo iya kugqwala kuvavanyo lwe-Cyclic Corrosion.
Uvavanyo lweCyclic Corrosion lutshintsha indlela esebenza ngayo intsimbi engagqwali, alunakubonwa njengovavanyo olukhawulezileyo okanye uvavanyo lokulinganisa. Iziphumo zicala elinye kwaye azinalo ulwalamano olulinganayo nokusebenza kwentsimbi engagqwaliyo ekugqibeleni esetyenziswayo.
Ngoko ke singasebenzisa uvavanyo lweCyclic Corrosion ukuthelekisa ukumelana nokugqwala kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zentsimbi engagqwali, kodwa olu vavanyo lukwazi kuphela ukukala izinto. Xa kukhethwa izinto zentsimbi engagqwali ngokukodwa, uvavanyo lweCyclic Corrosion lodwa aluhlali lubonelela ngolwazi olwaneleyo, kuba asinalo ulwazi olwaneleyo malunga nonxibelelwano phakathi kweemeko zovavanyo kunye nendawo yokusetyenziswa kwayo.
Ngesizathu esifanayo, akunakwenzeka ukuqikelela ubomi benkonzo yemveliso ngokusekelwe kuphela kuvavanyo lweCyclic Corrosion lwesampuli yentsimbi engagqwaliyo.
Ukongeza, akunakwenzeka ukuthelekisa phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zentsimbi, umzekelo, asinakuthelekisa intsimbi engagqwaliyo nentsimbi yekhabhoni egqunyiweyo, kuba iindlela zokugqwala kwezinto ezimbini ezisetyenzisiweyo kuvavanyo zahlukile kakhulu, kwaye ulwalamano phakathi kweziphumo zovavanyo kunye nendawo ekuya kusetyenziswa kuyo imveliso alufani.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-06-2023