I. Udidi lokutshintsha ubushushu:
I-Shell kunye ne-tube heat exchanger zingahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini ezilandelayo ngokweempawu zesakhiwo.
1. Ulwakhiwo oluqinileyo lwesitshintshi sobushushu seqokobhe kunye netyhubhu: esi sitshintshi sobushushu siye saba luhlobo lwetyhubhu kunye nepleyiti esisigxina, ngokuqhelekileyo sinokwahlulwa sibe luluhlu lwetyhubhu enye kunye noluhlu lweetyhubhu ezininzi zeentlobo ezimbini. Iingenelo zaso zilula kwaye zincinci, zingabizi kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu; ingxaki kukuba ityhubhu ayinakucocwa ngoomatshini.
2. Isixhobo sokutshintsha ubushushu seShell kunye netyhubhu esinesixhobo sokuhlawula ubushushu: singenza inxalenye eshushu yokwandiswa kwamahhala. Ulwakhiwo lwefom lunokwahlulwa lube:
1 Uhlobo lwe-floating head type heat exchanger: le heat exchanger inokwandiswa ngokukhululekileyo kwelinye icala le-tube plate, ebizwa ngokuba yi-"floating head". Usebenzisa i-tube wall kunye ne-shell wall umahluko omkhulu, isithuba se-tube bundle sihlala sicocwa. Nangona kunjalo, isakhiwo sayo sinzima ngakumbi, iindleko zokucubungula kunye nokuvelisa ziphezulu.
2. Isixhobo sokutshintsha ubushushu setyhubhu esimile okwe-U: sineplate enye yetyhubhu, ngoko ke ityhubhu inokwandiswa kwaye inciphe xa ishushu okanye ipholile. Ulwakhiwo lwale sixhobo sokutshintsha ubushushu lulula, kodwa umthwalo womsebenzi wokwenza igobe mkhulu, kwaye ngenxa yokuba ityhubhu kufuneka ibe nomgama othile wokugoba, ukusetyenziswa kweplate yetyhubhu kuphantsi, ityhubhu icocwa ngoomatshini kunzima ukuyiqhaqha nokutshintsha iityhubhu akulula, ngoko ke kufuneka idlule kwiityhubhu zolwelo lucocekile. Esi sixhobo sokutshintsha ubushushu singasetyenziselwa utshintsho olukhulu lobushushu, ubushushu obuphezulu okanye uxinzelelo oluphezulu.
③ uhlobo lwebhokisi yokupakisha yokutshintsha ubushushu: ineefom ezimbini, enye ikwipleyiti yetyhubhu ekupheleni kwetyhubhu nganye inophawu lokupakisha olwahlukileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwandiso olukhululekileyo kunye nokucutheka kwetyhubhu, xa inani leetyhubhu kwisixhobo sokutshintsha ubushushu lincinci kakhulu, ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa kwesi sakhiwo, kodwa umgama phakathi kwetyhubhu kunesixhobo sokutshintsha ubushushu ngokubanzi kufuneka ube mkhulu, isakhiwo esintsonkothileyo. Olunye uhlobo lwenziwe kwelinye icala letyhubhu kunye nesakhiwo esidadayo, kwindawo edadayo kusetyenziswa uphawu lonke lokupakisha, isakhiwo silula, kodwa esi sakhiwo akulula ukusisebenzisa kwimeko yobubanzi obukhulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu. Isixhobo sokutshintsha ubushushu sebhokisi yokuzalisa asisetyenziswa rhoqo ngoku.
II. Uhlolo lweemeko zoyilo:
1. uyilo lwesitshintshi sobushushu, umsebenzisi kufuneka anikezele ngeemeko zoyilo ezilandelayo (iiparameter zenkqubo):
1 ityhubhu, uxinzelelo lokusebenza kwenkqubo yeqokobhe (njengenye yeemeko zokumisela ukuba izixhobo ezikwiklasi, kufuneka zibonelelwe)
② ityhubhu, ubushushu bokusebenza kwenkqubo yeqokobhe (ukungena/ukuphuma)
③ ubushushu bodonga lwesinyithi (bubalwa ngokwenkqubo (ebonelelwa ngumsebenzisi))
④Igama lezinto kunye neempawu zazo
⑤Umda wokugqwala
⑥Inani leenkqubo
⑦ indawo yokudlulisa ubushushu
⑧ iinkcukacha zetyhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu, ulungiselelo (olunxantathu okanye olusikwere)
⑨ ipleyiti egoqekayo okanye inani lepleyiti yokuxhasa
⑩ izinto zokwambathisa kunye nobukhulu (ukuze kuchongwe ukuphakama kwesihlalo esiphumayo)
(11) Ipeyinti.
Ⅰ. Ukuba umsebenzisi uneemfuno ezizodwa, umsebenzisi unelungelo lokubonelela nge-brand, umbala
Ⅱ. Abasebenzisi abanazo iimfuno ezizodwa, abayili ngokwabo bakhethe
2. Iimeko ezininzi eziphambili zoyilo
① Uxinzelelo olusebenzayo: njengenye yeemeko zokumisela ukuba izixhobo zihlelwe na, kufuneka zibonelelwe.
2. Iimpawu zezinto: Ukuba umsebenzisi akanikeli igama lezinto, kufuneka abonise ubungakanani betyhefu yezinto.
Ngenxa yokuba ubuthi besixhobo bunxulumene nokubekwa esweni kwezixhobo ngendlela engonakalisiyo, unyango lobushushu, inqanaba lezinto ezifakelwayo zodidi oluphezulu lwezixhobo, kodwa kwakhona lunxulumene nokwahlulwahlulwa kwezixhobo:
a, GB150 10.8.2.1 (f) imizobo ibonisa ukuba isikhongozeli esiphethe ityhefu eyingozi kakhulu okanye eyingozi kakhulu yi-100% RT.
b, 10.4.1.3 imizobo ibonisa ukuba izikhongozeli eziphethe izinto ezinobungozi kakhulu okanye ezinobungozi kakhulu ngenxa yobuthi kufuneka zisetyenziswe emva kokuwelda ubushushu (amalungu awelding entsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-austenitic asenokunganyangwa ngobushushu)
c. IiForgings. Ukusetyenziswa kwetyhefu ephakathi kwiiforgings eziyingozi kakhulu okanye ezinobungozi kakhulu kufuneka kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zeClass III okanye IV.
③ Iinkcukacha zombhobho:
Intsimbi yekhabhoni esetyenziswa rhoqo φ19×2, φ25×2.5, φ32×3, φ38×5
Intsimbi engenasici φ19×2, φ25×2, φ32×2.5, φ38×2.5
Ulungiselelo lweetyhubhu zokutshintsha ubushushu: unxantathu, unxantathu wekona, isikwere, isikwere sekona.
★ Xa kufuneka ukucoca ngoomatshini phakathi kweetyhubhu zokutshintsha ubushushu, kufuneka kusetyenziswe ulungiselelo lwesikwere.
1. Uxinzelelo loyilo, ubushushu boyilo, i-coefficient yejoyinti yokuwelda
2. Ububanzi: DN < 400 isilinda, ukusetyenziswa kombhobho wentsimbi.
Isilinda se-DN ≥ 400, kusetyenziswa ipleyiti yentsimbi eqengqelweyo.
Umbhobho wentsimbi oyi-16" ------- nomsebenzisi ukuze axoxe ngokusetyenziswa kwepleyiti yentsimbi eqengqelweyo.
3. Umzobo woyilo:
Ngokwendawo yokudlulisa ubushushu, iinkcukacha zetyhubhu yokudlulisa ubushushu zidweba umzobo woyilo ukuze kuchongwe inani leetyhubhu zokudlulisa ubushushu.
Ukuba umsebenzisi unika umzobo wepayipi, kodwa kwakhona ukuhlaziya ipayipi kungaphakathi kwesangqa somda wepayipi.
★Umgaqo wokubeka imibhobho:
(1) kwisangqa somda wepayipi kufuneka kuzaliswe yipayipi.
② inani lombhobho onezibetho ezininzi kufuneka lizame ukulinganisa inani lezibetho.
③ Ityhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu mayicwangciswe ngokulinganayo.
4. Izinto ezisetyenziswayo
Xa ipleyiti yetyhubhu ngokwayo inegxalaba elijijekileyo kwaye iqhagamshelwe nesilinda (okanye intloko), kufuneka kusetyenziswe i-forging. Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kolu hlobo lwesakhiwo sepleyiti yetyhubhu, isetyenziswa kakhulu kuxinzelelo oluphezulu, olunokutsha, oluqhumayo, kunye nobuthi kwiimeko ezinobungozi kakhulu, iimfuno eziphezulu zepleyiti yetyhubhu, ipleyiti yetyhubhu nayo ityebile. Ukuze kuthintelwe igxalaba elijijekileyo ukuvelisa i-slag, i-delamination, kunye nokuphucula iimeko zoxinzelelo lwe-fiber yegxalaba elijijekileyo, ukunciphisa ubungakanani bokucubungula, ukugcina izinto, igxalaba elijijekileyo kunye nepleyiti yetyhubhu eyenziwe ngokuthe ngqo kwi-forging iyonke ukuze kwenziwe ipleyiti yetyhubhu.
5. Umatshini wokutshintsha ubushushu kunye noqhagamshelo lweplate yetyhubhu
Ityhubhu kwi-tube plate connection, kuyilo lwe-shell kunye ne-tube heat exchanger yinxalenye ebaluleke ngakumbi yesakhiwo. Akagcini nje ngokucubungula umthwalo womsebenzi, kwaye kufuneka enze uqhagamshelo ngalunye ekusebenzeni kwezixhobo ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-medium ayinakuvuza kwaye imelane nomthamo woxinzelelo oluphakathi.
Uqhagamshelo lwetyhubhu kunye nepleyiti yetyhubhu ikakhulu zezona ndlela zintathu zilandelayo: ukwandiswa; ukuwelda; ukuwelda ukwandiswa
Ukwandiswa kwegobolondo kunye netyhubhu phakathi kokuvuza kweendaba akuyi kubangela iziphumo ezibi zemeko, ingakumbi ukuba ukuwelda kwezinto akukuhle (njengetyhubhu ye-carbon steel heat exchanger) kwaye umthwalo womsebenzi wesityalo sokuvelisa mkhulu kakhulu.
Ngenxa yokwanda kwesiphelo setyhubhu kwi-welding plastic deformation, kukho uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo, kunye nokunyuka kobushushu, uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo luyanyamalala kancinci kancinci, ukuze isiphelo setyhubhu sinciphise indima yokutywinwa kunye nokubopha, ngoko ke ukwandiswa kwesakhiwo ngoxinzelelo kunye nemida yobushushu, ngokubanzi kusebenza kuxinzelelo loyilo ≤ 4Mpa, uyilo lobushushu ≤ degrees 300, kwaye ekusebenzeni kokungcangcazela okungenabudlova, akukho tshintsho lobushushu olugqithisileyo kwaye akukho monakalo ubalulekileyo kwi-Stress corrosion.
Uqhagamshelo lwe-welding luneengenelo zemveliso elula, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu kunye noqhagamshelo oluthembekileyo. Ngokusebenzisa i-welding, ityhubhu eya kwi-tube plate inendima engcono ekwandiseni; kwaye inokunciphisa iimfuno zokucubungula umngxuma wepayipi, yonge ixesha lokucubungula, kulula ukugcinwa kunye nezinye izibonelelo, kufuneka isetyenziswe njengento ephambili.
Ukongeza, xa ubuthi obuphakathi bukhulu kakhulu, i-medium kunye nomoya oxutyiweyo Kulula ukuqhushumba i-medium ine-radioactive okanye ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-pipe material mixing kuya kuba nefuthe elibi, ukuqinisekisa ukuba amalunga avaliwe, kodwa adla ngokusebenzisa indlela ye-welding. Indlela ye-welding, nangona iingenelo ezininzi, kuba akanakukuphepha ngokupheleleyo "ukubola kwe-crevice" kunye nama-welded nodes of stress corrosion, kwaye udonga oluncinci lwepayipi kunye neplate yombhobho etyebileyo kunzima ukufumana i-weld ethembekileyo phakathi.
Indlela yokuwelda inokuba ngamaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunokwandiswa, kodwa phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo olujikelezayo lobushushu obuphezulu, i-weld isengozini enkulu yokuqhekeka kokudinwa, isithuba semingxunya yetyhubhu kunye netyhubhu, xa iphantsi kwe-corrosive media, ukukhawulezisa umonakalo wejoyinti. Ke ngoko, kukho i-welding kunye ne-expansion joints ezisetyenziswa ngaxeshanye. Oku akuphuculi nje kuphela ukumelana nokudinwa kwejoyinti, kodwa kunciphisa nokuthambekela kokugqwala kwe-cravice, kwaye ngaloo ndlela ubomi bayo benkonzo bude kakhulu kunaxa kusetyenziswa i-welding yodwa.
Xa kukho amaxesha afanelekileyo okusetyenziswa kwe-welding kunye ne-expansion joints kunye neendlela, akukho mgangatho ufanayo. Ngokwesiqhelo kubushushu abuphezulu kakhulu kodwa uxinzelelo luphezulu kakhulu okanye i-medium kulula kakhulu ukuvuza, ukusetyenziswa kwe-strength expansion kunye ne-sealing weld (i-sealing weld ibhekisa nje ekuthinteleni ukuvuza kunye nokuphunyezwa kwe-weld, kwaye ayiqinisekisi amandla).
Xa uxinzelelo kunye nobushushu buphezulu kakhulu, ukusetyenziswa kwe-strength welding kunye ne-paste expansion, (i-strength welding inokuba i-weld ine-tight, kodwa ikwaqinisekisa ukuba i-joint inamandla amakhulu okutsalwa, idla ngokubhekisa kumandla e-weld alingana namandla ombhobho phantsi komthwalo we-axial xa i-welding). Indima yokwandisa ikakhulu kukususa ukubola kwe-crevice kunye nokuphucula ukumelana nokudinwa kwe-weld. Imilinganiselo ethile yesakhiwo somgangatho (GB/T151) sele ichaziwe, ayizukungena kwiinkcukacha apha.
Iimfuno zoburhabaxa bomphezulu womngxuma wombhobho:
a, xa uqhagamshelo lwetyhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu kunye ne-tube plate welding, uburhabaxa bomphezulu wetyhubhu ixabiso leRa alikho ngaphezu kwe-35uM.
b, ityhubhu enye yokutshintsha ubushushu kunye noqhagamshelo lokwandiswa kweplate yetyhubhu, uburhabaxa bomphezulu wetyhubhu Ixabiso leRa alikho ngaphezu koqhagamshelo lokwandiswa kwe-12.5uM, umphezulu wetyhubhu akufanele uchaphazele ubungqongqo bokwandiswa kweziphene, njengakwi-longitudinal okanye i-spiral scoring.
III. Ubalo loyilo
1. Ukubalwa kobukhulu bodonga lweShell (kubandakanya ibhokisi yombhobho icandelo elifutshane, intloko, ukubalwa kobukhulu bodonga lwecylinder yenkqubo yeshell), ubukhulu bodonga lwecylinder yenkqubo yeshell kufuneka buhlangabezane nobukhulu bodonga obuncinci kwi-GB151, kwintsimbi yekhabhoni kunye nentsimbi ye-alloy ephantsi ubukhulu bodonga buhambelana nomda wokugqwala C2 = 1mm kwityala leC2 elingaphezulu kwe-1mm, ubukhulu bodonga obuncinci beshell kufuneka bunyuswe ngokufanelekileyo.
2. Ukubalwa kokuqiniswa komngxuma ovulekileyo
Kwiqokobhe elisebenzisa inkqubo yetyhubhu yentsimbi, kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe uqiniselo olupheleleyo (yandisa ubukhulu bodonga lwesilinda okanye usebenzise ityhubhu enodonga oluqinileyo); kwibhokisi yetyhubhu etyebileyo emngxunyeni omkhulu ukuze kuqwalaselwe uqoqosho olupheleleyo.
Akukho olunye uqinisekiso olufanele luhlangabezane neemfuno zamanqaku aliqela:
① uxinzelelo loyilo ≤ 2.5Mpa;
② Umgama osembindini phakathi kwemingxunya emibini ekufutshane kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwesibini isixa sobubanzi bemingxunya emibini;
③ Ububanzi obuqhelekileyo bommkeli ≤ 89mm;
④ thatha ubukhulu bodonga obuncinci kufuneka bube ngokweemfuno zeTheyibhile 8-1 (thatha umda wokugqwala we-1mm).
3. Iflengi
Iflange yezixhobo ezisebenzisa iflange eqhelekileyo kufuneka ziqwalasele iflange kunye negasket, izibophelelo zihambelane, kungenjalo iflange kufuneka ibalwe. Umzekelo, thayipha iflange ye-A ethe tyaba kwi-standard kunye ne-gasket yayo ehambelanayo kwi-gasket ethambileyo engeyiyo yesinyithi; xa ukusetyenziswa kwe-gasket ejikelezayo kufuneka kubalwe kwakhona kwiflange.
4. Ipleyiti yombhobho
Kufuneka kuqwalaselwe le miba ilandelayo:
1. Ubushushu boyilo lweplate yetyhubhu: Ngokwemigaqo ye-GB150 kunye ne-GB/T151, kufuneka kuthathwe ubuncinane ubushushu besinyithi becandelo, kodwa ekubaleni kweplate yetyhubhu akunakuqinisekisa ukuba indima yeendaba yenkqubo yegobolondo yetyhubhu, kwaye ubushushu besinyithi beplate yetyhubhu kunzima ukubala, ngokubanzi kuthathwa kwicala eliphezulu lobushushu boyilo lobushushu boyilo lweplate yetyhubhu.
② isixhobo sokufudumeza esineetyhubhu ezininzi: sikwindawo yokufikelela kwiipayipi, ngenxa yesidingo sokuseta umngxuma wesithuba kunye nesakhiwo sentonga yokubopha kwaye asikwazanga ukuxhaswa yindawo yokutshintsha ubushushu. Intengiso: GB/T151 ifomula.
③Ubukhulu obusebenzayo bepleyiti yetyhubhu
Ubukhulu obusebenzayo beplate yetyhubhu bubhekisa kulwahlulo lobubanzi bepayipi ezantsi kwe-bulkhead groove ubukhulu beplate yetyhubhu ngaphandle kwesixa sezinto ezimbini ezilandelayo.
a, umda womhlwa wombhobho ngaphaya kobunzulu bobunzulu benxalenye yegroove yoluhlu lwepayipi
b, umda wokugqwala kwenkqubo yeqokobhe kunye nepleyiti yetyhubhu kwicala lenkqubo yeqokobhe lesakhiwo sobunzulu bomjelo wezityalo ezibini ezinkulu
5. Iseti yamalungu okwandisa
Kwi-fixed tube and plate heat exchanger, ngenxa yomahluko phakathi kolwelo olukwi-tube course kunye nolwelo lwe-tube course, kunye ne-heat exchanger kunye ne-shell and tube plate fixed connection, ukuze xa kusetyenziswa imeko, kukho umahluko phakathi kwe-shell kunye ne-tube expansion phakathi kwe-shell kunye ne-tube, i-shell kunye ne-tube ukuya kwi-axial load. Ukuze kuthintelwe umonakalo we-shell kunye ne-heat exchanger, ukungazinzi kwe-heat exchanger, i-heat exchanger tube evela kwi-tube plate off, kufuneka kumiselwe amalunga okwandisa ukunciphisa umthwalo we-axial we-shell kunye ne-heat exchanger.
Ngokubanzi, umahluko omkhulu phakathi kobushushu bodonga kunye ne-heat exchanger, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ukuseta i-expansion joint, xa kubalwa i-tube plate, ngokwemeko ezahlukeneyo eziqhelekileyo ezibalwe yi-σt, σc, q, enye yazo engaphumeleliyo, kuyimfuneko ukwandisa i-expansion joint.
σt - uxinzelelo lwe-axial lwetyhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu
σc - igobolondo lenkqubo yesilinda ye-axial stress
q--Ityhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu kunye noqhagamshelo lweplate yetyhubhu yamandla okutsala
IV. Uyilo lweZakhiwo
1. Ibhokisi yepayipi
(1) Ubude bebhokisi yepayipi
a. Ubunzulu obuncinci bangaphakathi
1 ukuya ekuvulekeni kwendlela yombhobho omnye webhokisi yetyhubhu, ubunzulu obuncinci embindini wokuvula akufuneki bube ngaphantsi kwe-1/3 yobubanzi bangaphakathi bomamkeli;
② ubunzulu bangaphakathi nobangaphandle bombhobho kufuneka buqinisekise ukuba indawo encinci yokujikeleza phakathi kwezi ndlela zimbini ayidluli izihlandlo ezili-1.3 kunendawo yokujikeleza yombhobho wokutshintsha ubushushu ngekhosi nganye;
b, ubunzulu obuphezulu bangaphakathi
Cinga ukuba kulula na ukuwelda nokucoca iindawo zangaphakathi, ingakumbi ubukhulu obuqhelekileyo besixhobo sokutshintsha ubushushu esincinci esineetyhubhu ezininzi.
(2) Ulwahlulo lwenkqubo olwahlukileyo
Ubukhulu kunye nolungiselelo lwesahlulo ngokwe-GB151 Table 6 kunye noMfanekiso 15, ukuze ubukhulu bube ngaphezu kwe-10mm yesahlulo, umphezulu wokutywina kufuneka unqunyulwe ube yi-10mm; kwi-tube heat exchanger, isahlulo kufuneka sibekwe kumngxuma wokukrazula (umngxuma wokukhupha amanzi), ububanzi bomngxuma wokukhupha amanzi ngokubanzi yi-6mm.
2. Ingxowa yeqokobhe kunye netyhubhu
①Inqanaba lebhanti yetyhubhu
I-Ⅰ, Ⅱ level tube bundle, kuphela kwi-carbon steel, i-low alloy steel heat exchanger tube yasekhaya, kusekho "level higher" kunye "ne-ordinary level" ephuhlisiweyo. Nje ukuba i-home heat exchanger tube ingasetyenziswa "higher" steel pipe, i-carbon steel, i-low alloy steel heat exchanger tube bundle akufuneki yahlulwe ibe yi-Ⅰ kunye ne-Ⅱ level!
Umahluko phakathi kwe-Ⅰ, Ⅱ ityhubhu ibekwe ikakhulu kwityhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu ngaphandle kobubanzi, ukuphambuka kobukhulu bodonga kwahlukile, ubungakanani bomngxuma ohambelanayo kunye nokuphambuka kwahlukile.
Iphakheji yetyhubhu yebanga Ⅰ eneemfuno ezichanekileyo eziphezulu, kwityhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu yentsimbi engagqwaliyo, yiphakheji yetyhubhu ye-Ⅰ kuphela; kwityhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu yentsimbi yekhabhoni esetyenziswa rhoqo
② Ipleyiti yetyhubhu
a, ukuphambuka kobukhulu bomngxuma wetyhubhu
Qaphela umahluko phakathi kwe-Ⅰ, Ⅱ ityhubhu elinganayo
b, umjelo wokwahlulahlula wenkqubo
Ubunzulu beslothi ye-Ⅰ ngokubanzi abuyi ngaphantsi kwe-4mm
Ⅱ ububanzi besithuba sokwahlulahlula senkqubo encinci: intsimbi yekhabhoni eyi-12mm; intsimbi engatyiwayo eyi-11mm
I-Ⅲ minute range partition slot corn chamfering ngokubanzi yi-45 degrees, ububanzi be-chamfering b bulingana ne-radius R yekona ye-minute range gasket.
③Ipleyiti egoqekayo
a. Ubungakanani bomngxuma wombhobho: bahlulwe ngokwenqanaba le-bundle
b, ukuphakama kwepleyiti egoqekayo enesaphetha
Ukuphakama kwenotshi kufanele kube ngendlela yokuba ulwelo oludlula kwisithuba esinesantya sokuhamba kwetyhubhu olufana nokuphakama kwenotshi luthathwe ngokuphindwe kayi-0.20-0.45 ubukhulu bangaphakathi bekona ejikelezileyo, inotshi inqunyulwa kumqolo wepayipi ngaphantsi komgca ophakathi okanye inqunyulwe kwimigca emibini yemingxunya yepayipi phakathi kwebhulorho encinci (ukuze kube lula ukunxiba ipayipi).
c. Ukujongwa kweNotch
Ulwelo olucocekileyo oluhamba calanye, ulungiselelo oluphezulu nolusezantsi;
Igesi equlethe ulwelo oluncinci, inyuswe phezulu iye kwicala elisezantsi lepleyiti egoqekayo ukuze ivule isango lolwelo;
Ulwelo olunegesi encinci, lutsalwe phantsi luye kwinxalenye ephezulu yepleyiti egoqekayo ukuze luvule isango lokungenisa umoya
Ukuhlalisana kwegesi nolwelo okanye ulwelo luqulethe izinto eziqinileyo, lucwangcise ngasekhohlo nasekunene, kwaye luvule ichweba lolwelo kwindawo ephantsi.
d. Ubuncinane bobukhulu bepleyiti egoqekayo; ububanzi obuphezulu obungaxhaswayo
e. Iipleyiti ezisongwayo kuzo zombini iziphelo zetyhubhu zisondelelene kangangoko kunokwenzeka nee-shell inlet kunye nee-outlet receivers.
④Intonga yokubopha
a, ububanzi kunye nenani leentonga zokubopha
Ububanzi kunye nenani ngokweTheyibhile 6-32, ukhetho lwe-6-33, ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkulu okanye ilingana nendawo enqamlezileyo yentonga yokuncamathelisa enikwe kwiTheyibhile 6-33 phantsi kwesiseko sobubanzi kunye nenani leentonga zokuncamathelisa inokutshintshwa, kodwa ububanzi bayo abuyi kuba ngaphantsi kwe-10mm, inani elingaphantsi kwe-4
b, intonga yokuncamathelisa kufuneka ilungelelaniswe ngokulinganayo kangangoko kunokwenzeka kumda ongaphandle we-tube bundle, ukuze kubekho ubushushu obukhulu, kwindawo yombhobho okanye kufutshane nomsantsa wepleyiti yokufola kufuneka ilungelelaniswe ngenani elifanelekileyo leentonga zokuncamathelisa, naliphi na ipleyiti yokuncamathelisa mayingabi ngaphantsi kwama-3 amanqaku okuxhasa.
c. I-Tie rod nut, abanye abasebenzisi bafuna oku kulandelayo: i-nut kunye ne-folding plate welding
⑤ Ipleyiti echasene nokuhlanjwa
a. Ukuseta ipleyiti yokulwa nokugungxula kukunciphisa ukusasazwa kolwelo ngokungalinganiyo kunye nokugungxuka kwesiphelo setyhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu.
b. Indlela yokulungisa ipleyiti yokulwa nokuhlamba
Kangangoko kunokwenzeka, faka i-fixed-pitch tube okanye kufutshane ne-tube plate ye-fixed plate yokuqala, xa i-shell inlet ikwi-non-fixed rod ecaleni kwe-tube plate, i-anti-scrambling plate inokudityaniswa emzimbeni wesilinda.
(6) Ukuseta iindawo zokwandisa
a. Iphakathi kwamacala amabini epleyiti egoqekayo
Ukuze kuncitshiswe ukumelana nolwelo lwejoyinti yokwandisa, ukuba kuyimfuneko, kwijoyinti yokwandisa ngaphakathi kwityhubhu ye-liner, ityhubhu ye-liner kufuneka idityaniswe kwiqokobhe kwicala lokuhamba kolwelo, kubatshintshi bobushushu abathe nkqo, xa ulwalathiso lokuhamba kolwelo lusiya phezulu, kufuneka lubekwe kwisiphelo esisezantsi semingxuma yokukhupha ityhubhu ye-liner.
b. Ukwandiswa kwamalungu esixhobo sokukhusela ukuthintela izixhobo kwinkqubo yokuthutha okanye ukusetyenziswa kokutsala okubi
(vii) unxibelelwano phakathi kwepleyiti yetyhubhu kunye neqokobhe
a. Ulwandiso luphindwe kabini njengeflange
b. Ipleyiti yombhobho engenaflange (GB151 Isihlomelo G)
3. Iflengi yombhobho:
1. Ubushushu boyilo obungaphezulu okanye obulingana nama-300 degrees, kufuneka kusetyenziswe i-butt flange.
2. Isixhobo sokufudumeza asikwazi ukusetyenziselwa ukujongana nojongano lokunikezela nokukhupha, kufuneka sibekwe kwityhubhu, indawo ephezulu yekhosi yeqokobhe le-bleeder, indawo ephantsi yezibuko lokukhupha, ububanzi obuncinci obuyi-20mm.
③ Isixhobo sokutshintshiselana ubushushu esithe nkqo singasetwa kwizibuko lokuphuma kwamanzi.
4. Inkxaso: Iintlobo ze-GB151 ngokwemigaqo yeCandelo 5.20.
5. Ezinye izinto ezincedisayo
① Iilugs zokuphakamisa
Umgangatho ongaphezulu kwe-30Kg ibhokisi esemthethweni kunye nesigqubuthelo sebhokisi yombhobho kufuneka sibe zizinto ezibekwe kakuhle.
② ucingo oluphezulu
Ukuze kube lula ukudilizwa kwebhokisi yombhobho, kufuneka kubekwe isiciko sebhokisi yombhobho ebhodini esemthethweni, isiciko sebhokisi yombhobho phezulu.
V. Iimfuno zokuvelisa, zokuhlola
1. Ipleyiti yombhobho
① ii-butt joints ze-tube plate ezidibeneyo zokuhlolwa kwe-100% yemitha okanye i-UT, inqanaba elifanelekileyo: RT: Ⅱ UT: inqanaba le-Ⅰ;
② Ukongeza kwintsimbi engagqwaliyo, unyango lokunciphisa uxinzelelo loxinzelelo lwepayipi yombhobho oludibeneyo;
③ ipleyiti yetyhubhu ukuphambuka kobubanzi bebhulorho yomngxuma: ngokwefomula yokubala ububanzi bebhulorho yomngxuma: B = (S - d) - D1
Ububanzi obuncinci bebhulorho yomngxuma: B = 1/2 (S - d) + C;
2. Unyango lobushushu bebhokisi yetyhubhu:
Intsimbi yekhabhoni, intsimbi ye-alloy ephantsi edityanisiweyo ene-partition-range partition yebhokisi yombhobho, kunye nebhokisi yombhobho yeendawo ezivulekileyo ezisecaleni ezingaphezulu kwe-1/3 yobubanzi bangaphakathi bebhokisi yombhobho wesilinda, ekusetyenzisweni kwe-welding yokunciphisa uxinzelelo unyango lobushushu, i-flange kunye nomphezulu wokutywina we-partition kufuneka ucutshungulwe emva konyango lobushushu.
3. Uvavanyo loxinzelelo
Xa uxinzelelo loyilo lwenkqubo yeqokobhe luphantsi kunoxinzelelo lwenkqubo yetyhubhu, ukuze kujongwe umgangatho woqhagamshelo lwetyhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu kunye neplate yetyhubhu
① Uxinzelelo lwenkqubo yeShell ukuze kunyuswe uxinzelelo lovavanyo ngenkqubo yepayipi ehambelana novavanyo lwehydraulic, ukujonga ukuba ngaba ukuvuza kwamalungu epayipi kuyavuza na. (Nangona kunjalo, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba uxinzelelo oluphambili lwefilimu yegobolondo ngexesha lovavanyo lwehydraulic yi ≤0.9ReLΦ)
② Xa le ndlela ingasentla ingafanelekanga, iqokobhe linokuvavanywa nge-hydrostatic ngokwengcinezelo yokuqala emva kokudlula, emva koko uvavanyo lokuvuza kwe-ammonia okanye uvavanyo lokuvuza kwe-halogen lunokuvavanywa nge-hydrostatic.
VI. Eminye imiba ekufuneka iqatshelwe kwiitshathi
1. Bonisa inqanaba le-tube bundle
2. Ityhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu kufuneka ibhalwe inombolo yokulebhelisha
3. Umgca we-contour yepayipi yetyhubhu ngaphandle komgca oqinileyo ovaliweyo
4. Imizobo yokuhlanganisa kufuneka ibhalwe ukuba i-folding plate gap orientation
5. Imingxunya yokukhupha amanzi eqhelekileyo, imingxunya yokukhupha amanzi kwiindawo zokufaka amanzi, iiplagi zepayipi mazingabikho mfanekiso
Ixesha lokuthumela: Oktobha-11-2023