I. Ukuhlelwa kwesitshintshi sobushushu:
I-Shell kunye ne-tube exchanger heat exchanger inokwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amabini alandelayo ngokweempawu zesakhiwo.
1. Ulwakhiwo oluqinileyo lwegobolondo kunye ne-tube exchanger heat exchanger: lo mtshintshi wokushisa ube ngumbhobho osisigxina kunye nohlobo lweplate, ngokuqhelekileyo lunokwahlulwa lube luluhlu lwe-tube enye kunye ne-multi-tube yeentlobo ezimbini. Izibonelelo zayo zilula kunye nesakhiwo esincinci, esincinci kwaye sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi; ukusilela kukuba ityhubhu ayikwazi ukucocwa ngoomatshini.
2. I-Shell kunye ne-tube yokushisa ukushisa kunye nesixhobo sembuyekezo yeqondo lokushisa: inokwenza inxalenye eshushu yokwandiswa kwamahhala. Ulwakhiwo lwefom lunokwahlulwa lube:
① Intloko edadayo yohlobo lobushushu: lo mtshintshi wobushushu unokwandiswa ngokukhululekileyo kwelinye icala lepleyiti yetyhubhu, ebizwa ngokuba "yintloko edadayo". Usebenza eludongeni ityhubhu kunye neqokobhe lobushushu udonga umahluko mkhulu, isithuba inyanda ityhubhu idla icocwe. Nangona kunjalo, isakhiwo sayo sinzima ngakumbi, iindleko zokucubungula kunye nokuvelisa ziphezulu.
② Umtshintshi wokushisa we-tube owenziwe ngu-U: unepleyiti enye kuphela, ngoko ke ityhubhu inokukhululeka ukwandisa kwaye inkontileka xa ishushu okanye ipholile. Ubume balo mtshintshi wobushushu bulula, kodwa umthwalo wokwenza i-bend mkhulu, kwaye ngenxa yokuba ityhubhu ifuna ukuba neradiyasi ethile yokugoba, ukusetyenziswa kwepleyiti yetyhubhu ayilunganga, ityhubhu icocwa ngomatshini kunzima ukuyiqhawula kwaye endaweni yetyhubhu akukho lula, ngoko kuyafuneka ukuba udlule kwiityhubhu zolwelo zicocekile. Lo mtshintshi wobushushu unokusetyenziselwa utshintsho olukhulu lobushushu, ubushushu obuphezulu okanye iimeko zoxinzelelo oluphezulu.
③ Ibhokisi yokupakisha uhlobo lokutshintsha ubushushu: ineendlela ezimbini, enye ikwipleyiti yetyhubhu ekupheleni kwetyhubhu nganye inetywina lokupakisha elahlukileyo lokuqinisekisa ukuba ukwanda kwasimahla kunye nokucutheka kombhobho, xa inani leetyhubhu kumtshintshisi wobushushu lincinci kakhulu, ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa kwesi sakhiwo, kodwa umgama phakathi kwetyhubhu kunokuba umtshintshisi wobushushu ngokubanzi ube mkhulu, ubume obuntsonkothileyo. Olunye uhlobo lwenziwa kwelinye icala lombhobho kunye negobolondo elijikelezayo, kwindawo edadayo usebenzisa itywina lokupakisha lonke, isakhiwo silula, kodwa esi sakhiwo akulula ukusisebenzisa kwimeko yobukhulu obukhulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu. Ibhokisi yokufaka uhlobo lomtshintshi wobushushu alufane lusetyenziswe ngoku.
II. Uphononongo lwemiqathango yoyilo:
1. uyilo lokutshintsha ubushushu, umsebenzisi kufuneka abonelele ngezi meko zilandelayo zoyilo (iiparamitha zenkqubo):
① ityhubhu, uxinzelelo lwenkqubo yokusebenza kweqokobhe (njengenye yeemeko zokuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo eklasini kufuneka zinikezelwe)
② ityhubhu, ubushushu benkqubo yeqokobhe (indawo yokungena / yokuphuma)
③ ubushushu eludongeni lwentsimbi (ibalwe yinkqubo (enikezelwe ngumsebenzisi)
④Igama lezinto eziphathekayo kunye neempawu
⑤Umda wokonakala
⑥Inani leenkqubo
⑦ indawo yokudlulisa ubushushu
⑧ Iimpawu zokutshintsha ityhubhu, ilungiselelo (unxantathu okanye isikwere)
⑨ ipleyiti yokusonga okanye inani lepleyiti yokuxhasa
⑩ imathiriyeli yokugquma kunye nobukhulu (ukuze umisele isihlalo senameplate esiphumayo)
(11) Ipeyinti.
Ⅰ. Ukuba umsebenzisi uneemfuno ezizodwa, umsebenzisi ukubonelela nge-brand, umbala
Ⅱ. Abasebenzisi abanalo iimfuno ezikhethekileyo, abaqulunqi ngokwabo bakhetha
2. Iimeko ezininzi zoyilo eziphambili
① Uxinzelelo lokusebenza: njengenye yeemeko zokumisela ukuba isixhobo sihlelwe, kufuneka sinikezelwe.
② iimpawu eziphathekayo: ukuba umsebenzisi akaboneleli igama lezinto eziphathekayo kufuneka anike iqondo lobutyhefu bezinto eziphathekayo.
Ngenxa yokuba ubutyhefu obuphakathi bunxulumene nokujongwa okungonakalisi kwezixhobo, unyango lobushushu, inqanaba lokubumba udidi oluphezulu lwezixhobo, kodwa lunxulumene nokwahlulwa kwezixhobo:
a, GB150 10.8.2.1 (f) imizobo ibonisa ukuba isikhongozelo esinento eyingozi kakhulu okanye eyingozi kakhulu ye-100% RT.
b, 10.4.1.3 imizobo ibonisa ukuba izikhongozeli eziphethe imidiya eyingozi kakhulu okanye eyingozi kakhulu kwityhefu kufuneka ibe unyango lobushushu obusemva kwe-weld (i-welded joints of austenitic stainless steel isenokunganyangwa ubushushu)
c. Forgings. Ukusetyenziswa kwetyhefu ephakathi kwi-forging eyingozi kakhulu okanye eyingozi kakhulu kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno zeKlasi III okanye IV.
③ Iinkcukacha zombhobho:
Isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo carbon steel φ19×2, φ25×2.5, φ32×3, φ38×5
Intsimbi yentsimbi φ19×2, φ25×2, φ32×2.5, φ38×2.5
Ukulungelelaniswa kweetyhubhu zokutshintsha ukushisa: unxantathu, unxantathu wekona, isikwere, isikwere sekona.
★ Xa ukucoca ngoomatshini kufuneka phakathi kweetyhubhu zokutshintsha ubushushu, ilungiselelo lesikwere kufuneka lisetyenziswe.
1. Uxinzelelo loyilo, ubushushu boyilo, i-welding joint coefficient
2. Ububanzi: DN <400 cylinder, ukusetyenziswa kwepayipi yensimbi.
I-DN ≥ 400 cylinder, usebenzisa i-steel plate rolled.
I-16 "yentsimbi yombhobho ------ kunye nomsebenzisi ukuxoxa ngokusetyenziswa kwepleyiti yensimbi eqengqelekayo.
3. Umzobo woyilo:
Ngokwendawo yokudlulisa ubushushu, iityhubhu yokudlulisa ubushushu ukuzoba umzobo wokumisela inani lemibhobho yokuhambisa ubushushu.
Ukuba umsebenzisi ubonelela ngomzobo wokubhobhoza, kodwa kwakhona ukuphonononga umbhobho ungaphakathi kwisangqa somda wemibhobho.
★Umgaqo wokubekwa kombhobho:
(1) kwisangqa somda wemibhobho kufuneka sigcwale umbhobho.
② inani lemibhobho emininzi kufuneka izame ukulinganisa inani lemivumbo.
③ ityhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu kufuneka icwangciswe ngokulinganayo.
4. Izinto eziphathekayo
Xa i-tube plate ngokwayo inegxalaba le-convex kwaye idibene ne-cylinder (okanye intloko), i-forging kufuneka isetyenziswe. Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwesakhiwo esinjalo sepleyiti yetyhubhu ngokubanzi isetyenziselwa uxinzelelo oluphezulu, olunokutsha, oluqhumayo, kunye netyhefu kwiimeko ezinobungozi kakhulu, iimfuno eziphezulu zepleyiti yetyhubhu, ipleyiti yetyhubhu nayo iyajiya. Ukuze uthintele igxalaba le-convex ukuvelisa i-slag, i-delamination, kunye nokuphucula iimeko zoxinzelelo lwe-convex egxalabeni, ukunciphisa ubungakanani bokusetyenzwa, okonga izixhobo, igxalaba le-convex kunye nepleyiti yetyhubhu eyenziwe ngokuthe ngqo ngaphandle kokwenza ipleyiti yetyhubhu.
5. Umtshintshi wokushisa kunye nokudibanisa i-tube plate
I-tube kwi-tube plate connection, kwi-design yegobolondo kunye ne-tube yokushisa ukushisa yinxalenye ebaluleke ngakumbi yesakhiwo. Akapheleli ekuqhubeni umthwalo womsebenzi, kwaye kufuneka enze uqhagamshelo ngalunye ekusebenzeni kwezixhobo zokuqinisekisa ukuba i-medium ngaphandle kokuvuza kunye nokumelana nomthamo woxinzelelo ophakathi.
Uqhagamshelo lwetyhubhu kunye nepleyiti yetyhubhu ubukhulu becala zezi ndlela zintathu zilandelayo: ukwandiswa; b ukuwelda; c ukwandiswa ukuwelda
Ukwandiswa kweqokobhe kunye ityhubhu phakathi kokuvuza kweendaba akuyi kubangela iziphumo ezibi zemeko, ngakumbi kwi-weldability yezinto eziphathekayo (ezifana ne-carbon steel exchanger heat exchanger) kunye nomsebenzi weplanti yokuvelisa mkhulu kakhulu.
Ngenxa yokwandiswa kwesiphelo sombhobho kwi-welding deformation yeplastiki, kukho uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo, kunye nokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu, uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo luphela ngokuthe ngcembe, ukuze isiphelo sombhobho sinciphise indima yokutywinwa kunye nokudibanisa, ngoko ke ukwandiswa kwesakhiwo ngoxinzelelo kunye nokunciphisa ubushushu, ngokuqhelekileyo kusebenza kuyilo loxinzelelo ≤, i-30Mpa kunye noyilo lweqondo lokushisa akukho zintshukumo zobundlobongela, akukho tshintsho lugqithileyo lobushushu kwaye akukho mhlwa ubalulekileyo woxinzelelo.
Uxhulumaniso lwe-Welding lunenzuzo yokuvelisa okulula, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokudibanisa okuthembekileyo. Ngokusebenzisa i-welding, ityhubhu kwi-tube plate inendima engcono ekunyuseni; kwaye kwakhona unokunciphisa iimfuno processing umngxuma umbhobho, ukonga ixesha processing, ukugcinwa lula kunye nezinye iingenelo, kufuneka isetyenziswe njengento ephambili.
Ukongeza, xa ubutyhefu obuphakathi bukhulu kakhulu, i-medium kunye ne-atmosphere exutywe ngokulula ukugqabhuka okuphakathi i-radioactive okanye ngaphakathi nangaphandle kokuxubana kwezinto zombhobho kuya kuba nefuthe elibi, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba i-joints ivalwe, kodwa kwakhona kaninzi sebenzisa indlela ye-welding. indlela Welding, nangona iingenelo ezininzi, ngenxa yokuba akanako ukuphepha ngokupheleleyo "umhlwa umhlwa" kunye nodi welded yoxinzelelo umhlwa, nodonga umbhobho obhityileyo kunye nepleyiti umbhobho eshinyeneyo kunzima ukufumana weld ethembekileyo phakathi.
Indlela ye-Welding ingaba ngamaqondo okushisa aphezulu kunokwandiswa, kodwa phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo oluphezulu lobushushu be-cyclic, i-weld ichaphazeleka kakhulu kwiintanda zokudinwa, i-tube kunye ne-tube hole gap, xa iphantsi kwemithombo yeendaba ezonakalisayo, ukukhawulezisa umonakalo wokudibanisa. Ke ngoko, kukho i-welding kunye nokwandiswa kwamalungu asetyenziswa ngexesha elinye. Oku akuphuculi kuphela ukuxhathisa ukukhathala komdibaniso, kodwa kunciphisa ukuthambekela kokubola kwe-crevice, kwaye ngaloo ndlela ubomi benkonzo bude kakhulu kunokuba xa kusetyenziswa i-welding yodwa.
Kwiziphi iimeko ezifanelekileyo ukuphunyezwa kwe-welding kunye nokwandiswa kwamalungu kunye neendlela, akukho mgangatho ofanayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwiqondo lobushushu aliphezulu kakhulu kodwa uxinzelelo luphezulu kakhulu okanye i-medium ilula kakhulu ukuvuza, ukusetyenziswa kokwandisa amandla kunye nokutywinwa kwe-weld (i-weld yokutywina ibhekisela nje ekuthinteleni ukuvuza kunye nokuphunyezwa kwe-weld, kwaye akuqinisekisi amandla).
Xa uxinzelelo kunye nobushushu buphezulu kakhulu, ukusetyenziswa kwe-welding yamandla kunye nokwandiswa kwe-paste, (ukuqina kwe-welding nokuba i-weld ine-tight, kodwa nokuqinisekisa ukuba i-joint ine-tensile enkulu, ngokuqhelekileyo ibhekisela kumandla we-weld ilingana namandla wombhobho phantsi komthwalo we-axial xa udibanisa). Indima yokwandisa ubukhulu becala kukuphelisa ukubola kunye nokuphucula ukumelana nokudinwa kwe-weld. Imilinganiselo ethile yezakhiwo zomgangatho (GB/T151) ichaziwe, ayiyi kungena kwiinkcukacha apha.
Kwiimfuno zokurhabaxa komphezulu womngxuma wombhobho:
a, xa ityhubhu exchanger ubushushu kunye ityhubhu ipleyiti welding uqhagamshelwano, uburhabaxa umphezulu ityhubhu Ra ixabiso ayikho mkhulu kune 35uM.
b, ityhubhu enye yokutshintshiselana kobushushu kunye noqhagamshelo lwepleyiti yokwandisa, umngxuma ityhubhu umngxuma uburhabaxa umphezulu Ra ixabiso alikho likhulu kune-12.5uM uqhagamshelo lokwandiswa, umphezulu womngxuma ityhubhu akufanele kuchaphazele ukuqina kokwandiswa kweziphene, ezifana ne-longitudinal okanye i-spiral score.
III. Ubalo loyilo
1. Ukubalwa kobukhulu bodonga lweqokobhe (kubandakanya ibhokisi yombhobho icandelo elifutshane, intloko, inkqubo yeqokobhe ukubala ubukhulu bodonga) umbhobho, ubukhulu benkqubo yeqokobhe cylinder eludongeni kufuneka buhlangabezene nobukhulu obuncinci bodonga kwi-GB151, intsimbi yekhabhoni kunye nentsimbi ephantsi yentsimbi ubungqingqwa bodonga buhambelana nomda we-corrosion C2 = 1mm iingqwalaselo kwimeko ye-C2 ubukhulu obuncinci kufuneka bunyuswe.
2. Ukubalwa kokuqinisa umngxuma ovulekileyo
Kwiqokobhe usebenzisa inkqubo yetyhubhu yentsimbi, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise ukuqiniswa okupheleleyo (ukwandisa ubukhulu bodonga lwesilinda okanye sebenzisa ityhubhu enodonga olungqingqwa); kwibhokisi yetyhubhu etyebileyo kumngxunya omkhulu wokuqwalasela uqoqosho ngokubanzi.
Akukho okunye ukuqinisa kufuneka kufezekise iimfuno zamanqaku amaninzi:
① uxinzelelo loyilo ≤ 2.5Mpa;
② Umgama osembindini phakathi kwemingxuma emibini emeleneyo kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwesibini sesambuku sobubanzi bemingxuma emibini;
③ Idayamitha yesiqhelo yomamkeli ≤ 89mm;
④ thatha ubuncinci bodonga lobungqimba kufuneka bube yiTheyibhile 8-1 yeemfuno (thatha umda wokutya we-1mm).
3. Flange
Izixhobo ze-flange usebenzisa i-flange esemgangathweni kufuneka zihlawule ingqalelo kwi-flange kunye ne-gasket, i-fasteners match, ngaphandle koko i-flange kufuneka ibalwe. Umzekelo, chwetheza i-flange ye-welding flat kumgangatho kunye ne-gasket yayo ehambelanayo ye-non-metallic soft gasket; xa ukusetyenziswa kwe-gasket ejikelezayo kufuneka kubalwe kwakhona kwi-flange.
4. Ipleyiti yombhobho
Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo le miba ilandelayo:
① Ubushushu boyilo lweplate yetyhubhu: Ngokwezibonelelo ze-GB150 kunye ne-GB / T151, kufuneka kuthathwe kungabi ngaphantsi kobushushu bentsimbi yecandelo, kodwa ekubaleni ipleyiti yetyhubhu ayinakuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yetyhubhu yenkqubo yeendaba, kunye nobushushu bentsimbi yepleyiti yetyhubhu kunzima ukubala, ithathwa ngokubanzi kwicala eliphezulu loyilo lobushushu kwipleyiti yoyilo loyilo lobushushu betyhubhu.
② umtshintshi wobushushu obuninzi betyhubhu: kuluhlu lwendawo yombhobho, ngenxa yesidingo sokumisa i-spacer groove kunye nesakhiwo sentonga yokubopha kwaye asiphumelelanga ukuxhaswa ngummandla wokutshintsha ubushushu I-Ad: I-GB/T151 ifomula.
③Ubungqingqwa obusebenzayo bepleyiti yombhobho
Ubukhulu obusebenzayo bepleyiti yetyhubhu bubhekiselele kuluhlu lwemibhobho yokwahlulwa komzantsi webulkhead groove ubukhulu bepleyiti yetyhubhu thabatha isimbuku sezi zinto zimbini zilandelayo.
a, umda wombhobho ngaphaya kobunzulu boluhlu lwesahlulelo soluhlu lombhobho inxalenye yegroove
b, umda wenkqubo yeqokobhe kunye nepleyiti yetyhubhu kwicala lenkqubo yeqokobhe lesakhiwo sobunzulu bomjelo wezityalo ezibini ezinkulu.
5. Ukwandiswa kwamalungu abekwe
Kwityhubhu esisigxina kunye nepleyiti yokutshintshiselana kobushushu, ngenxa yomahluko wobushushu phakathi kolwelo kwikhosi yetyhubhu kunye nolwelo lwezifundo ityhubhu, kunye nobushushu kunye neqokobhe kunye nepleyiti yetyhubhu unxibelelwano olusisigxina, ukwenzela ukuba ekusetyenzisweni kombuso, umahluko wokwandiswa kweqokobhe kunye netyhubhu ukhona phakathi kweqokobhe kunye netyhubhu, iqokobhe kunye netyhubhu kumthwalo we-axial. Ukuze uthintele iqokobhe kunye nomonakalo wokushisa ubushushu, ukuchithwa kobushushu, ityhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu ukusuka kwipleyiti yetyhubhu ikhuphe, kufuneka imiselwe amajoyinti okwandisa ukunciphisa iqokobhe kunye nomthwalo we-axial wokutshintsha ubushushu.
Ngokubanzi kwiqokobhe kunye nobushushu ubushushu eludongeni umahluko mkhulu, kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ukuseta ukwandiswa joint, kubalwa ipleyiti ityhubhu, ngokomahluko lobushushu phakathi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo eziqhelekileyo ezibalwe σt, σc, q, enye yazo isilela ukufaneleka, kuyimfuneko ukwandisa ulwandiso joint.
σt - uxinzelelo lwe-axial lwetyhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu
σc - inkqubo yeqokobhe yoxinzelelo lwe-axial
q--Ityhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu kunye nodibaniso lwepleyiti yetyhubhu yamandla okutsalwa
IV. Uyilo loLwakhiwo
1. Ibhokisi yombhobho
(1) Ubude bebhokisi yombhobho
a. Ubuncinci ubunzulu bangaphakathi
① ukuya ekuvuleni ikhosi yombhobho omnye webhokisi yetyhubhu, ubunzulu obuncinci kumbindi wokuvula akufunekanga bube ngaphantsi kwe-1/3 yobubanzi obungaphakathi bomamkeli;
② ubunzulu bangaphakathi nangaphandle bekhosi yombhobho kufuneka buqinisekise ukuba ummandla omncinci wokujikeleza phakathi kweekhosi ezimbini awukho ngaphantsi kwe-1.3 amaxesha omjikelezo wetyhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu ngekhosi nganye;
b, obona bukhulu bangaphakathi ubunzulu
Qwalasela ukuba ngaba kufanelekile ukuwelda kunye nokucoca iindawo zangaphakathi, ngakumbi kwidayamitha yegama elincinci le-multi-tube heat exchanger.
(2) Ukwahlulahlula kwenkqubo
Ubukhulu kunye nokulungiswa kwesahlulo ngokwe-GB151 Itheyibhile 6 kunye ne-Figure 15, ngenxa yobunzima obukhulu kune-10mm yokwahlula, indawo yokutywina kufuneka inqunywe kwi-10mm; kwi-tube yokutshintshiselana kobushushu, ulwahlulo kufuneka lusekwe kumngxuma wokukrazula (umngxuma wokukhupha amanzi), i-drain ye-drain ye-drain iqhele ukuba yi-6mm.
2. Igobolondo kunye ne-tube bundle
① Inqanaba le-tube bundle
Ⅰ, Ⅱ inqanaba ityhubhu bundle, kuphela carbon steel, intsimbi ephantsi ingxubevange ubushushu exchanger ityhubhu imigangatho yasekhaya, kusekho "inqanaba eliphezulu" kunye "nenqanaba eqhelekileyo" ephuhlisiwe. Nje ukuba ityhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu yasekhaya isetyenziswe "phezulu" umbhobho wentsimbi, intsimbi yekhabhoni, intsimbi ephantsi yentsimbi yokutshintshiselana ngobushushu akufuneki yahlulwe ibe Ⅰ kunye nenqanaba Ⅱ!
Ⅰ, Ⅱ iityhubhu yomahluko ilele ikakhulu kwityhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu ngaphandle kwedayamitha, ukutenxa kobunzima bodonga kwahlukile, ubungakanani bomngxuma ohambelanayo kunye nokutenxa kwahlukile.
IBanga Ⅰ inyanda yetyhubhu yeemfuno ezichanekileyo ezichanekileyo, kwityhubhu yokutshintshiselana kobushushu yentsimbi, kuphela Ⅰ inyanda yetyhubhu; kwityhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu bentsimbi esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo
② Ipleyiti yetyhubhu
a, umngxuma ityhubhu ubukhulu ukutenxa
Qaphela umahluko phakathi kwe-Ⅰ, Ⅱ yenqanaba letyhubhu bundle
b, igroove yolwahlulo lwenkqubo
Ⅰ ubunzulu bendawo yokubeka abukho ngaphantsi kwe-4mm
Ⅱ i-sub-program yokwahlula ububanzi slot ububanzi: carbon steel 12mm; intsimbi engatyiwa 11mm
Ⅲ Uluhlu lwemizuzu yoluhlu lwendawo yokubeka ikona i-chamfering ngokubanzi ngama-45 degrees, ububanzi be-chamfering b buphantse bulingane neradiyasi R yekona yoluhlu lwemizuzu yegasket.
③Ipleyiti esongwayo
a. Ubungakanani bomngxuma wombhobho: bahlulwe ngokwenqanaba lenqwaba
b, ipleyiti yokugoba isaphetha inotshi ukuphakama
Ukuphakama kwenotshi kufuneka kube ukuze ulwelo ngokusebenzisa umsantsa kunye nesantya sokuhamba ngaphaya kombhobho wetyhubhu efana nokuphakama kwenotshi ngokubanzi kuthathwa amaxesha angama-0.20-0.45 ubukhulu bangaphakathi bekona ejikelezileyo, inotshi inqunyulwa ngokubanzi kumqolo wombhobho ongaphantsi komgca osembindini okanye unqunyulwe kwimiqolo emibini yemingxuma yombhobho phakathi kwebhulorho encinci (ukwenza lula ukunxiba umbhobho).
c. Ukuqhelaniswa nenotshi
Ulwelo olucocekileyo lwendlela enye, ilungiselelo lenotshi phezulu nasezantsi;
Irhasi equlathe isixa esincinci solwelo, inotshi phezulu ukuya kweyona ndawo isezantsi yepleyiti esongwayo ukuvula izibuko elingamanzi;
Ulwelo oluqulathe isixa esincinci serhasi, inothi ezantsi ukuya kweyona ndawo iphezulu yepleyiti esongwayo ukuvula izibuko lokungenisa umoya.
Ukuhlalisana kolwelo lwerhasi okanye ulwelo luqulethe izinto eziqinileyo, inotshi ekhohlo nasekunene, kwaye uvule izibuko elingamanzi kweyona ndawo iphantsi.
d. Ubuncinci bobunzima bepleyiti yokugoqa; ubuninzi bexesha elingaxhaswanga
e. Iipleyiti ezisongayo kuzo zombini iziphelo zetyhubhu zisondele kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwi-shell inlet kunye ne-outlet receivers.
④Bopha intonga
a, ubukhulu kunye nenani leentonga zokubopha
Ububanzi kunye nenani ngokutsho kweTheyibhile 6-32, 6-33 ukhetho, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba mkhulu okanye ulingana nommandla onqamlezileyo wentonga yokubopha enikwe kwiThebhile 6-33 phantsi kwesiseko sobubanzi kunye nenani leentonga zokubopha zingatshintshwa, kodwa ububanzi bayo abuyi kuba ngaphantsi kwe-10mm, inani elingekho ngaphantsi kwezine.
b, intonga yeqhina kufuneka icwangciswe ngokulinganayo kangangoko kunokwenzeka kumda wangaphandle wetyhubhu, kwidayamitha enkulu yokutshintsha ubushushu, kwindawo yombhobho okanye kufuphi nesithuba sepleyiti esongwayo kufuneka icwangciswe ngokwenani elifanelekileyo leentonga zokubopha, nayiphi na ipleyiti yokusonga kufuneka ingabi ngaphantsi kwe-3 amanqaku okuxhasa.
c. Ukubopha intonga yentonga, abanye abasebenzisi bafuna oku kulandelayo i-nut kunye nepleyiti yokusongela i-welding
⑤ Ipleyiti yokungagungxuli
a. Ukusekwa kwepleyiti echasene nokugungxulwa kukunciphisa ulwabiwo olungalinganiyo lolwelo kunye nokukhukuliseka kokuphela kwetyhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu.
b. Ukulungisa indlela ye-anti-washout plate
Kangangoko kunokwenzeka elungisiweyo kwityhubhu esisigxina okanye kufuphi nepleyiti yetyhubhu yepleyiti yokusonga yokuqala, xa iqokobhe lokungena likwintonga engaguqukiyo kwicala lepleyiti yetyhubhu, ipleyiti echasene nokukrala inokudityaniswa kumzimba wesilinda.
(6) Ukusekwa kwamalungu okwandisa
a. Ibekwe phakathi kwamacala amabini epleyiti esongwayo
Ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuxhathisa ulwelo lwejoyinti yokwandisa, ukuba kuyimfuneko, kwindawo yokwandisa ngaphakathi kwityhubhu yelayini, ityhubhu yelayini kufuneka idityaniswe kwiqokobhe kwicala lokuhamba kolwelo, kubatshintshi bobushushu obuthe nkqo, xa isikhokelo sokuhamba kolwelo sisiya phezulu, kufuneka simiselwe kwisiphelo esisezantsi semingxuma yokukhupha ityhubhu ye-liner.
b. Ukwandiswa kwamalungu esixhobo sokukhusela ukukhusela izixhobo kwinkqubo yokuthutha okanye ukusetyenziswa kokutsala okubi
(vii) uqhagamshelwano phakathi kwepleyiti yetyhubhu kunye neqokobhe
a. Ulwandiso luphindwe kabini njenge-flange
b. Ipleyiti yombhobho ngaphandle kweflange (GB151 Appendix G)
3. Iflange yombhobho:
① uyilo lobushushu elingaphezulu okanye elilingana ne-300 degrees, kufuneka lisetyenziswe i-butt flange.
② kuba umtshintshi wobushushu akanakusetyenziselwa ukuthatha ujongano lokunikezela kunye nokukhupha, kufuneka lubekwe kwityhubhu, indawo ephezulu yekhosi yegobolondo ye-bleeder, eyona ndawo iphantsi yezibuko lokukhupha, ubuncinci be-diameter ye-20mm.
③ Umtshintshisi wobushushu othe nkqo unokusekwa izibuko lokuphuphuma.
4. Inkxaso: iintlobo ze-GB151 ngokwemimiselo yeSiqendu 5.20.
5. Ezinye izincedisi
① Ukuphakamisa iilugi
Umgangatho ongaphezulu kwe-30Kg yebhokisi esemthethweni kunye nesigqubuthelo sebhokisi yombhobho kufuneka isete iilugs.
② intambo ephezulu
Ukuze kuququzelelwe ukuchithwa kwebhokisi yombhobho, ikhava yebhokisi yombhobho, kufuneka ifakwe kwibhodi esemthethweni, ibhokisi yombhobho yokugubungela ucingo oluphezulu.
V. Ukuvelisa, iimfuno zokuhlola
1. Ipleyiti yombhobho
① i-spliced tube plate butt joints kwi-100% yokuhlolwa kwe-ray okanye i-UT, inqanaba elifanelekileyo: RT: Ⅱ UT: Ⅰ inqanaba;
② Ukongeza kwintsimbi engatyiwayo, ipleyiti edityanisiweyo yeplate yoxinzelelo lobushushu;
③ ityhubhu yepleyiti yomngxuma ukutenxa ububanzi bebhulorho: ngokwefomula yokubala ububanzi bebhulorho yomngxuma: B = (S - d) - D1
Ubuncinci ububanzi bebhuloho yomngxuma: B = 1/2 (S - d) + C;
2. Unyango lobushushu lwebhokisi yetyhubhu:
Intsimbi yekhabhoni, intsimbi ephantsi yealloyi edityanisiweyo kunye nokwahlula-hlula-uluhlu lwebhokisi yombhobho, kunye nebhokisi yombhobho yokuvuleka kwecala elingaphezulu kwe-1/3 ye-diameter yangaphakathi yebhokisi yombhobho we-cylinder, ekufakweni kwe-welding yonyango loxinzelelo loxinzelelo, i-flange kunye ne-partitioning surface yokutywina kufuneka iqhutywe emva konyango lobushushu.
3. Uvavanyo loxinzelelo
Xa inkqubo yoyilo lweqokobhe uxinzelelo lungaphantsi kunoxinzelelo lwenkqubo yetyhubhu, ukuze kujongwe umgangatho wetyhubhu yokutshintsha ubushushu kunye noqhagamshelo kwipleyiti yetyhubhu.
① Uxinzelelo lwenkqubo yeqokobhe ukonyusa uxinzelelo lovavanyo ngenkqubo yombhobho ehambelana novavanyo lwehydraulic, ukujonga ukuba ukuvuza kwamalungu emibhobho. (Nangona kunjalo, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba uxinzelelo lwefilimu oluphambili lwegobolondo ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-hydraulic ≤0.9ReLΦ)
② Xa le ndlela ingentla ingafanelekanga, iqokobhe linokuba luvavanyo lwe-hydrostatic ngokoxinzelelo lwangaphambili emva kokudlula, kwaye emva koko iqokobhe lovavanyo lokuvuza kwe-ammonia okanye uvavanyo lokuvuza kwe-halogen.
VI. Eminye imiba iza kuphawulwa kwiitshathi
1. Bonisa umgangatho we-tube bundle
2. Iityhubhu yokutshintshiselana ngobushushu kufuneka ibhalwe inombolo yokuleyibhile
3. Umgca wecontour yepleyiti yetyhubhu ngaphandle komgca ongqindilili ovaliweyo
4. Imizobo yeNdibano kufuneka ibhalwe ipleyiti yokugoba igap orientation
5. Imingxuma yokukhupha edibeneyo yokwandisa, imingxuma yokukhupha kwimibhobho yombhobho, iiplagi zepayipi kufuneka zibe ngaphandle komfanekiso.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-11-2023