Amagqabantshintshi ngezixhobo ze-alloy
Inkcazo ye-alloy
I-Alloty yimgqwirha ye-homogeneous equlathe iintsimbi ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu, okanye indibaniselwano yezinyithi kunye nezinto ezingezizo ezingezizo, ezineempawu zentsimbi. Umxholo ongemva koyilo lwe-Afloty kukudibanisa izinto ngendlela efanelekileyo yokuphucula oomatshini, ngokwasemzimbeni, kunye neepropathi zekhemikhali ukufezekisa iimfuno ezithile zezicelo ezahlukeneyo.
Ukwahlulahlula kwezixhobo ze-alloy
Izinto ze-alloy zinokuhlelwa ngokusekwe kwizinto zabo eziphambili zezinto eziphambili kunye neepropathi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
● I-allows ye-ferur:Ezi zi-Iron-IsAls ezisekwe kwizinto ezifana nekhabhoni, iManganese, naseSilicon, ikakhulu zisetyenziswa kukwenza intsholongwane kunye nemizi mveliso.
● I-Aluminiyam Alloys:Ezi zii-alcoys ezisekwe kwi-aluminium ezinezinto ezifana nobhedu, i-magnesium, kunye ne-zinc, ezaziwa ngokuba zilula, zomelele, kwaye ziphumelele iipropathi ze-thermas.
● I-CORCHRY AFALYS:Ezi zi-Alts ze-coppers ezikwizinto ezongezwe njenge-zinc, itini, kwaye zikhokelele, ukuhambisa impinda elungileyo, ukuxhaphaza, kunye nokusebenza.
● I-Alneys Alloys:I-magnesium esekwe, ihlala idityaniswa ne-Aluminium, i-zinc, neManganese, ngaba i-metansest yesakhiwo ilukhanyise ngokuchaseneyo nokungavisisani kwengqondo.
● I-nickel alloys:I-NICKEL-esekwe kwi-ALTEY zinezinto ezinje ngeChromium, i-Iron, kunye ne-Cobabat, kwaye zibonise ukunganyangeki kwe-corosion kunye nokusebenza kweqondo lokungasebenzi.
● I-titanium alloys:Yaziwa ngamandla abo aphezulu, uxinzelelo olusezantsi, kunye nokunganyangeki okukhethekileyo, izabelo ezisekwe kwi-Titatium zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizicelo ze-aerospace.
Izabelo zeflor
Ubume kunye neepropathi zesabelo
Izabelo ze-ferrus zenziwe ngentsimbi enezinto ezahlukeneyo zokwabelana ngeendlela zazo zoomatshini. Izinto eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:
● Ikhabhoni:Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zolwabiwo, ukwahluka komxholo wekhabhoni kwiindawo ezinobunzima kuchaphazela ubunzima kunye nobunzima. Ikhabhoni ephezulu ibonelela ngobunzima ngakumbi kodwa ubunzima obungaphantsi.
● Isilicon:I-Silicon iphucula amandla kunye nobunzima beesabelo ezigwenxa kwaye zihlala zisetyenziswa kwi-selicon-iron ye-formes yokutsala njenge-deoxizer kunye nearhente.
● Manganese:I-Manganese ibaluleke kakhulu yokwandisa amandla kunye nobunzima bee-alloys ezirhabaxa, kwaye izabelo ze-Ferromangenese zibalulekile ekuphuculeni ukuxhathisa impahla kunye nokunganyangeki kwentsimbi.
● IChromium:I-Chromium-i-Iron ye-Iron ibonelela ngokuxhathisa ngokuguquguqukayo kunye namandla obushushu obuphakathi, isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwezinto ezingenasitali kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-alloys ye-fer
Izabelo zefrista isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo, kubandakanya:
● Umzi mveliso wensimbi:I-ulwaluko elinzima luxanduva olubalulekileyo kwimveliso yentsimbi, isetyenziselwa ukuguqula ubume bentsimbi kwaye kuphuculwe iipropathi zayo.
● Ukuphosa ishishini:Kwiinkqubo zokuphosa, izabelo ezigwenxa zomeleza iipropathi zoomatshini kunye nokuqina kweemveliso zentsimbi.
● Izixhobo zokuphuhlisa:Izabelo ze-frust zisetyenziswa ekuvelisweni kweentonga ze-welding kunye ne-flux ukuqinisekisa ukudibanisa okuphezulu.
● Amashishini amachiza kunye nezichumisiIzabelo ezigwenxa zisebenza njengokhuseleko kunye neearhente zokunciphisa iiarhente kwimveliso yemichiza kunye nechumiso.
● Umsebenzi wesinyithi:Izabelo ezigwenxa zisetyenziswa kwizixhobo ezinjengezinto ezisikiweyo kunye nezixhobo, ukuphucula ukuqina kwazo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
I-Aluminium Waloys
Iimpawu eziphambili zeAlAminum
I-Aluminium Altsus idume ngokukhanya kwabo, amandla aphezulu, kunye nokuphucula ukuqhubekisa, kubenza basebenzise amashishini okunamhlanje. Iimpawu eziphambili zibandakanya:
● Isibane esilula:I-Aluminium Alloys inexinzelelo olusezantsi lwe-2.7 G / CM³, lenze ukuba balungele ukusetyenziswa komzimba.
● Amandla aphezulu:Ngonyango olunobushushu kunye nobushushu, izabelo ze-aluminium zingalufumana amandla aphezulu e-thenses, kunye namaqhinga amaninzi kwi-500 mpa.
● Ukuziphatha okuhle:I-Alumuminium enyulu ngumqhubi oncomekayo wombane kunye nobushushu, kwaye ialuminiyam yaza inxalenye ebalulekileyo yezi propati.
● Ukungaxhathisi ubuchule:I-bieter ye-oxcide ye-oxtide yendalo ebusweni be-Aluminium ye-Alfs, ukubonelela ngokuchasene nokunganyangeki kakuhle, kwaye unyango olukhethekileyo lunokuphucula ngakumbi le ndawo.
● Ukucocwa kokuqhubekeka:I-Aluminium Lals ibonakalisa ipristity elungileyo, iwabenze balungele ukuphoswa, ukuphuma kunye neenkqubo zokwenzakala.
Amabakala kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezicelo zeAluminum
I-Aluminium Altings ihlelwe ngokusekwe kwizinto zazo eziphambili zokwabamba kunye neepropathi. Amanye amaBanga aqhelekileyo abandakanya:
● I-1xxx Series:I-Aluminum enyulu, ene-99,00% yealuminiyam, ngokuyintloko isetyenziswa kumzi-mveliso wombane kunye nempahla yabathengi yemihla ngemihla.
● 2xxx ingcelele:Ubhedu yinto eyintloko yolwabiwo, ephucula kakhulu amandla emva konyango lobushushu, eqhele ukusetyenziswa kwizicelo ze-aerospace.
● I-3XXX Series:I-Manganese yeyona nto yabelwe intsingiselo, ihambisa ukunganyangeki kakuhle, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizinto zokwakha nezakhiwo.
● I-4xxx Series:I-Silicon yeyona nto iphambili yabelwa, ukubonelela ngokuxhathisa ubushushu kunye neepropathi ezifanelekileyo ze-welding, ezifanelekileyo kwizixhobo ze-welding kunye nezinto zobushushu.
● I-5xxx ingcelele:I-magnesium yeyona nto iphambili yabelwe, ihambisa iipropathi ezigqwesileyo kunye nokunganyangeki, isetyenziswe elwandle, inqwelo-mafutha, kunye namashishini e-aerospace.
● I-6xxx Series:I-magnesiyon kunye ne-silicon zezona zinto ziphambili zolwabiwo, zibonelela ngamandla amahle kunye nokusebenza, eziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwizinto zakhiwo.
● I-7xxx ingcelele:I-Zinc yeyona nto iphambili yabelola, kwaye ezi zameleyo zibonelela ngamandla aphezulu, ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwizakhiwo zenqwelomoya kunye nezicelo eziphezulu.
● I-8xxx ingcelele:Ziqulethe ezinye izinto ezinje ngentsimbi kunye ne-nickel, ukubonelela ngamandla amahle kunye nokuphumelela, ikakhulu kusetyenziswa kwishishini lombane.
I-Aluminium Altings isetyenziswa kumacandelo ngamacandelo, kubandakanya:
● I-Aerospace:I-Altineight kunye ne-Alminum ephezulu yeAluminum ibalulekile kwizakhiwo nakwizinto.
● Ukuhamba:I-Aluminium Altsys isetyenziselwa ukwenza izinto ezilula ze-Aluminium kunye neNdawo kaloliwe, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwepetroli.
● Ishishini lombane:I-aluminium yinto ekhethiweyo yeentambo kunye nabaguquli
● Ulwakhiwo:I-Aluminium Altsys isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizakhiwo zoyilo, iifreyimu, iingcango, kunye nophahla ngenxa yamandla abo, ukumelana nokuziphatha okuhle, kunye nembonakalo yobuhle.
● Ukupakisha:I-Aluminium Alloys, ngakumbi ngendlela yeentshaba kunye namakhonkco, zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini lokupakisha kuba zilula, ezingenabungozi, kwaye zinokuphinda zisetyenziswe.
I-noppers
Ukuqulunqwa kunye neepropathi zealk
Ukwabiwa kobhedu kwaziwa ngokuba yeyona ndlela yabo ibalaseleyo kunye nokuqhutywa kwengqondo, ukumelana nokucoca, kunye nokukhululeka kokutya. I-alfays Copper Copper ibandakanya:
● Brass (u-Copper-Zinc Allow):Yaziwa ngamandla ayo, ilangazelelo, kwaye ukumelana nokunganyangeki, ubhedu lusetyenziswa kwizicelo zoomatshini, izixhobo kunye nezixhobo zomculo.
● I-bronze (i-wored-tin alloy):Eli alloy linika ukunganyangeki okuphezulu, ubunzima, nokunxiba ukunganyangeki, kuhlala kusetyenziswa eBheroks, i-bushings, kunye nokuSebenzisa izicelo zaselwandle.
● Popper-Nickel Afloys:Ezi zibalo zinika ukunganyangeki ngokupheleleyo kwimeko ye-zaselwandle, ibenza balungele ukuthunyelwa kwenqanawa, amaqonga asemazantsi, kunye nezityalo zedayinti.
● I-Berylium Copper:Ngamandla aphezulu, ubunzima, kunye nokungaxhathisi, iBerrosion, iBerylium Copper ihlala isetyenziswa kwizixhobo ezichanekileyo, izihlanganisi zombane kunye nemithombo.
Izicelo zobhedu
Ubhedu Altsus usebenza uluhlu olubanzi lwamashishini ngenxa yokungaguqukiyo kunye nezinto ezizodwa:
● Ishishini lombane:I-alfayili yobhedu isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwimibane, i-wiring, kunye nezinto ngenxa yokuziqhelanisa kakhulu.
● Ukwenza imibhobho kunye nokuphatha i-fluid:UBrass kunye nobuqhetseba basetyenziswa kwiivalve, ngokufanelekileyo, kunye nezinye izicelo zemibhobho ngenxa yokungaxhathisi.
● Umzi mveliso waselwandle:I-Copper-Nickel Affays ithandwa kakhulu kwizicelo zaselwandle ngenxa yokungaxhathisi bazo ngokugqibeleleyo kumanzi olwandle.
● Ubunjineli obuchanekileyo:IBerylium Copper isetyenziswa kwizixhobo, izixhobo ezingafakwanga, kunye nezinto ezichanekileyo ngenxa yamandla ayo kunye nokuqina.
I-magnesium alloys
Iimpawu ze-Alouls ye-magnesium
I-magnesium alloys zesakhiwo esikhanyisekileyo, sinamandla amakhulu-nqanaba esinezinto ezinobunzima, ukufunxa ukothuka, kunye noomatshini. Iipropathi eziphambili zibandakanya:
● Isibane esilula:I-magnesium ye-Alneys ingama-35% elula kune-aluminium kunye ne-78% ilula kunentsimbi, ibenze balungele izicelo ezibuthathaka ubunzima.
● Okwenzini olungileyo:I-Atneys Alloys inomatshini ogqwesileyo, ivumela amalungu antsonkothileyo kwaye achaneke enze ngokufezekileyo.
● I-anckert yokutyibilika:Ezi allos zinezinto ezilungileyo zokuthabatha zothusayo, zibenza zibe luncedo kwizicelo ze-Automotive kunye ne-Aerospace.
● Ukuchithwa kobushushu:I-Magnesium ye-AWALS ibonelela nge-SUPTIPE yobushushu esebenzayo, ebaluleke kakhulu kwi-elektroniki kunye nezinto zobushushu obuphakathi.
Izicelo ze-magnesium alloys
Ngenxa yokukhanya kwabo kunye namandla abo, i-alloys ye-magnesium isetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso eyahlukeneyo:
● Ishishini le-AutoMotive:I-Alnesys alloys isetyenziswa kwizinto ze-injini, izindlu zokuhambisa, kunye namavili okunciphisa ubunzima bezithuthi kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwetyala.
● Ishishini le-aerospace:I-Alneys Alloys iqeshwe kwiindawo zenqwelomoya kunye nezinto ze-aerospace apho ukunciphisa umzimba kubalulekile.
● I-elektroniki:I-Atnesium Alfals isetyenziswa ekwenzeni i-latops yokufowunela, iikhamera, kunye neefowuni eziphathwayo ngenxa yamandla abo kunye neempawu zokuhlaselwa kobushushu.
● Izixhobo zonyango:I-magnesium alloys isetyenziswa kwiindawo zokufakwa kwe-bioresbang kunye nezixhobo ze-oritoric ngenxa ye-biomatise yazo.
I-nickel alloys
Iipropathi ze-neckel alloys
I-nickel alloys yaziwa ngokokunganyangeki komoya obalaseleyo, ukuzinza kobushushu obuphezulu, kunye namandla omatshini. Ziqhelekile nge-chromium, intsimbi, kunye nezinye izinto ukuphucula ukusebenza kwiindawo ezixineneyo. Iipropathi eziphambili zibandakanya:
● Ukungaxhathisi ubuchule:I-nickel alloys yeyokumelana nokunganyangekiyo kwi-oxidotion kunye nokusula kwiindawo ezinobunzima, kubandakanya iimeko zamanxweme aselwandle kunye ne-acidic.
● Ukomelela kobume obuphezulu:I-Nickel Alwals igcina amandla abo kubushushu obuphezulu, ibenza bafaneleke ukusetyenziswa kwi-aerospace kunye nokusetyenziswa komsebenzi.
● Ukunxiba ukuxhathisa:I-Nickel Affals ibonelela ngokuchaseneyo nokunganyangeki, okuxabisekileyo kwiziseko ezifuna ukuqina okungapheliyo.
Izicelo ze-nickel alloys
I-Kickel alloys isetyenziswa ekufumaneni izicelo kumacandelo ngamacandelo ngamacandelo:
● Ishishini le-aerospace:I-Nickel-esekwe kwi-superalloys esekwe kwiJETS, ii-turbine blade, kunye nezinye izinto zobushushu eziphezulu ngenxa yokumelana nobushushu babo.
● Ukuqhubekeka kwamachiza:I-Kickel Affays isetyenziswa kwi-reactors, abatshintshi ubushushu, kunye neenkqubo zokwenza imibhobho apho kuchaswa khona ukusulwa kunye namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kubalulekile.
● Ukuveliswa kwamandla:I-nickel alloys iqashwe kwi-Nulear And kunye neeTurbines zegesi ngenxa yokunganyangekala kwamaqondo obushushu kunye nokunganyangeki.
● Umzi mveliso waselwandle:I-nickel alloys isetyenziswa kwiindawo zaselwandle ezifana nezicelo ezifana neempompo, i-valve, kunye nezixhobo zaselwandle zaselwandle.
I-titanium alloys
Iimpawu ze-titanium alloys
I-titanium alloys isezinqeni kodwa zomelele, ngokungaxhathisi okhethekileyo ekucocekeni nasezizinzo lobushushu obuphezulu. Iipropathi eziphambili zibandakanya:
● Amandla amakhulu-ukuya-ukuya kwiI-titanium alloys yomelele njengentsimbi kodwa phantse i-45% ilula, ibetha ilungele i-aerospace kunye nezicelo eziphezulu zomsebenzi.
● Ukungaxhathisi ubuchule:I-titanium ye-AWALS ibonelela ngokuchasene nekamva ukuze isule, ngakumbi kumanzi olwandle kunye neekhemikhali.
● Ukucaciswa kwe-biomatise:I-titanium alloys icacile, ibenza balungele ukupakisha kwezonyango kunye nezixhobo.
● Uzinzo lobushushu obuphezulu:I-titanium alloys inokumelana nobushushu obugqithileyo, ukugcina amandla abo kunye nokugcina kwabo kwi-Aerospace nakwizicelo zemveliso.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-alloting ye-titanium
I-Titanium Alloys isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kumashishini apho amandla aphezulu, ukukhanya, kunye nokuxhathisa i-corosion kubalulekile:
● Ishishini le-aerospace:I-Titanium alloys isetyenziswa kwiindiza zeenqwelomoya, izinto zenjini, kunye neegiya zokufika ngenxa yamandla abo aphezulu kunye nokugcina ubunzima.
● Izixhobo zonyango:I-titanium alloys isetyenziswa kwiindawo zokufakwa kwamathambo, ukufakwa kwamazinyo, kunye nezixhobo zolondolozo ngenxa ye-bimoMPine-romotive kunye nokuqina.
● Umzi mveliso waselwandle:I-Titanium alloys iqeshwe kwicandelo le-data, ukwakhiwa ngenqanawa, kunye nokugqobhoza ngenxa yokunganyangeki kwabo.
● Izicelo zeMizi-mveliso:I-Titanium Alwals isetyenziswa kwimichiza yokuqhubengwa kwe-titanium, ukuvelisa amandla, kunye nezicelo zemoto zezinto ezifuna amandla kunye nokunganyangeki.
Ukuqukumbela
Izixhobo ze-Alloy zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwimizi-mveliso yanamhlanje, zibonelela ngezisombululo ezinesitali ezidityanisiweyo zamandla, ubunzima, ukuxhathisa, kunye nokuqina. Ukusuka kwi-Aerospace ukuya kwi-AutoMotive, ulwakhiwo kwizixhobo zezonyango, ukufezekiswa kwezixhobo zesabelo kwenza ukuba zibe nokungabinakho ukusetyenziswa kwezicelo ezininzi. Whether it's the high strength of ferrous alloys, the lightweight properties of aluminum alloys, or the corrosion resistance of nickel and titanium alloys, alloys are engineered to meet the diverse needs of today's technologically advanced world.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: I-OCT-17 ukuya kwi-1724