Imibhobho yeekhemikhali kunye neevalvu yinxalenye eyimfuneko kwimveliso yemichiza kwaye likhonkco phakathi kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezixhobo zemichiza.Zisebenza njani iivalvu ezi-5 zezona zixhaphakileyo kwimibhobho yekhemikhali?Injongo ephambili?Yeyiphi imibhobho yeekhemikhali kunye neevalvu zokufakelwa?(iintlobo ezili-11 zombhobho + iintlobo ezi-4 zofakelo + 11 iivalvu) imibhobho yemichiza ezi zinto, ukubamba ngokupheleleyo!
Imibhobho kunye neevalvu zokufakelwa kushishino lweekhemikhali
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Iintlobo ze-11 zemibhobho yekhemikhali
Iindidi zemibhobho yeekhemikhali ngezinto eziphathekayo: iipayipi zetsimbi kunye nemibhobho engeyiyo isinyithi
MokqhubekayoPipe
Umbhobho wentsimbi, umbhobho wentsimbi othungelweyo, umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo, umbhobho wobhedu, umbhobho we-aluminiyam, umbhobho okhokelayo.
① Umbhobho wentsimbi:
Umbhobho wentsimbi ngomnye wemibhobho esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kumbhobho wekhemikhali.
Ngenxa ye-brittle kunye ne-tightness yoxhumo olubi, ilungele kuphela ukuhambisa imidiya ephantsi yoxinzelelo, kwaye ayifanelekanga ukuhambisa ubushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-steam kunye netyhefu, izinto eziqhumayo.Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswa kwimibhobho yonikezelo lwamanzi angaphantsi komhlaba, imibhobho yerhasi kunye nemibhobho yogutyulo.Inkcazo yombhobho wentsimbi ukuya ku-Ф ubukhulu bangaphakathi × ubukhulu bodonga (mm).
② umbhobho wentsimbi othungelweyo:
Umbhobho wentsimbi othungelweyo ngokosetyenziso lwamanqaku oxinzelelo lwamanzi aqhelekileyo kunye nombhobho werhasi (uxinzelelo 0.1 ~ 1.0MPa) kunye nombhobho ongqingqwa (uxinzelelo 1.0 ~ 0.5MPa).
Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukuthutha amanzi, igesi, ukufudumeza umphunga, umoya ocinezelweyo, ioli kunye nolunye ulwelo loxinzelelo.Igalvanized ibizwa ngokuba ngumbhobho wentsimbi emhlophe okanye umbhobho ofakwe igalvanized.Ezo zingafakwanga zibizwa ngokuba yimibhobho yentsimbi emnyama.Inkcazo yayo ibonakaliswe kwi-diameter ye-nominal.Ubuncinci bedayamitha ye-6mm, obona bukhulu bobubanzi obuyi-150mm.
③ Umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo:
Umbhobho wensimbi ongenamthungo unenzuzo yomgangatho ofanayo kunye namandla aphezulu.
Izinto zayo zine-carbon steel, insimbi ephezulu, i-alloy iron ephantsi, insimbi engenasici, intsimbi enganyangeki ukushisa.Ngenxa yeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuvelisa, yahlulwe yaba ziindidi ezimbini zombhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo oqengqelekayo kunye nombhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo otsalwa ngokubanda.Umbhobho wobunjineli bombhobho ubukhulu obungaphezulu kwe-57mm, umbhobho oqhelekileyo osetyenziswayo oshushu, 57mm ngaphantsi kombhobho otsalwa ngokubanda osetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo.
Umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo uqhele ukusetyenziselwa ukuthutha iindidi zeegesi ezinoxinzelelo, umphunga kunye nolwelo, unokumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu (malunga ne-435 ℃).Umbhobho wensimbi we-alloy usetyenziselwa ukuthutha imidiya eyingozi, apho umbhobho we-alloy onganyangekiyo unokumelana namaqondo obushushu ukuya kwi-900-950 ℃.Iinkcukacha zemibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo ukuya ku-Ф ubukhulu bangaphakathi × ubukhulu bodonga (mm).
Ubuninzi bangaphandle bobukhulu bombhobho otsalwa ngokubanda bungama-200mm, kwaye ubukhulu becala ububanzi bangaphandle bombhobho oshushu oshushu ngu-630mm. Umbhobho wentsimbi ongenamthungo wahlulahlulwe kumbhobho jikelele ongenamthungo kunye nombhobho okhethekileyo ongenamthungo ngokokusetyenziswa kwawo, njengombhobho ongenamthungo wokuqhekeka kwepetroleum. , umbhobho ongenamthungo webhoyila, umbhobho ongenamthungo wesichumiso njalo njalo.
④Ityhubhu yobhedu:
Ityhubhu yobhedu inesiphumo esihle sokudlulisa ubushushu.
Ikakhulu isetyenziswa kwisixhobo sokutshintshiselana kobushushu kunye nemibhobho yesixhobo sokupholisa nzulu, ityhubhu yokulinganisa uxinzelelo lwesixhobo okanye ukuhanjiswa kolwelo olucinezelekileyo, kodwa ubushushu bungaphezulu kwama-250 ℃, akufuneki busetyenziswe phantsi koxinzelelo.Ngenxa yexabiso eliphezulu, elisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo.
⑤ ityhubhu yeAluminiyam:
I-Aluminiyam inokumelana nokugqwesa okulungileyo.
Iityhubhu ze-aluminiyam ziqhele ukusetyenziselwa ukuthutha i-asidi ye-sulfuric egxininisiweyo, i-acetic acid, i-hydrogen sulfide kunye ne-carbon dioxide kunye nezinye i-media, kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kutshintshiselwano lobushushu.Iityhubhu ze-aluminium azikwazi ukumelana ne-alkali kwaye azikwazi ukusetyenziselwa ukuthutha izisombululo ze-alkaline kunye nezisombululo eziqukethe i-ion chloride.
Ngenxa yamandla omatshini wetyhubhu ye-aluminium kunye nokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kunye nokuncipha okukhulu kokusetyenziswa kweityhubhu ze-aluminium, ngoko ke ukusetyenziswa kweetyhubhu ze-aluminium akunakudlula i-200 ℃, kumbhobho woxinzelelo, ukusetyenziswa kweqondo lokushisa kuya kuba ngaphantsi.I-aluminium ineempawu ezingcono zomatshini kumaqondo aphantsi, ngoko ke i-aluminium kunye ne-aluminium alloy tubes zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo zokwahlula umoya.
(6) Umbhobho welothe:
Umbhobho welothe udla ngokusetyenziswa njengombhobho wokuhambisa imithombo yeendaba ezineasidi, unokuthuthwa nge-0.5% ukuya kwi-15% ye-asidi ye-sulfuric, i-carbon dioxide, i-60% ye-hydrofluoric acid kunye ne-acetic acid yoxinzelelo engaphantsi kwe-80% ye-medium, akufanele ihanjiswe. ukuya kwi-nitric acid, i-hypochlorous acid kunye nezinye imidiya.Ubushushu obuphezulu bokusebenza kombhobho okhokelayo yi-200 ℃.
Iityhubhu ezingezizo ezentsimbi
Umbhobho weplastiki, umbhobho weplastiki, umbhobho weglasi, umbhobho we-ceramic, umbhobho wesamente.
① umbhobho wePlastiki:
Iingenelo zombhobho weplastiki kukuxhathisa ukubola, ubunzima bokukhanya, ukubumba okufanelekileyo, ukusetyenzwa lula.
Izinto ezingeloncedo ngamandla aphantsi kunye nokunganyangeki kobushushu.
Okwangoku eyona mibhobho yeplastiki esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ngumbhobho we-polyvinyl chloride eqinile, umbhobho we-polyvinyl chloride othambileyo, umbhobho we-polyethylene, umbhobho we-polypropylene, kunye nombhobho wentsimbi wokutshiza i-polyethylene, i-polytrifluoroethylene njalo njalo.
② ithumbu lerabha:
Umbhobho werabha unokumelana nokugqwesa okulungileyo, ubunzima obulula, iplastiki elungileyo, ukufakwa, ukuqhaqha, ukuguquguquka kunye nokufanelekileyo.
I-hose yerabha esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe ngerabha yendalo okanye irabha yokwenziwa, ilungele iimeko ezineemfuno zoxinzelelo oluphantsi.
③ Ityhubhu yeglasi:
I-tube yeglasi ineenzuzo zokuxhathisa i-corrosion, ukucaca, ukucoceka okulula, ukuchasana okuphantsi, ixabiso eliphantsi, njl.
Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa uvavanyo okanye indawo yokusebenzela yovavanyo.
④ ityhubhu yeseramic:
Iikheramics zekhemikhali kunye neglasi ziyafana, ukumelana nokugqwesa okulungileyo, ngaphezu kwe-hydrofluoric acid, i-fluorosilicic acid kunye ne-alkali eqinile, inokumelana neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-acids inorganic acids, i-organic acids kunye ne-solvents eziphilayo.
Ngenxa yamandla aphantsi, abhityileyo, asetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukukhuphela ecaleni umjelo weendaba ezitshabalalisayo kunye nemibhobho yokungenisa umoya.
⑤ Umbhobho wesamente:
Ikakhulu isetyenziselwa iimfuno zoxinzelelo, ukuthatha itywina akusiyo zihlandlo eziphezulu, ezifana nogutyulo oluphantsi komhlaba, umbhobho wokukhupha amanzi njalo njalo.
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Iindidi ezi-4 zeFittings
Ukongeza kumbhobho kumbhobho, ukwenzela ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zenkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokufakwa kunye nokugcinwa, kukho ezinye izinto ezininzi kwipayipi, njengeetyhubhu ezimfutshane, i-elbows, i-tee, i-reducers, i-flanges, iimfama kunye nokunye.
Sidla ngokuwabiza la macandelo ngezincedisi zemibhobho ekubhekiselwa kuzo njengezifakelo.Ukufakelwa kwemibhobho zizinto eziyimfuneko kumbhobho.Nantsi intshayelelo emfutshane kwizinto ezininzi ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo.
① Ingqiniba
Ingqiniba isetyenziswa ikakhulu ukutshintsha ulwalathiso lwemibhobho, ngokutsho ingqiniba ukugoba iqondo lokuhlelwa ezahlukeneyo, eqhelekileyo 90 °, 45 °, 180 °, 360 ° ingqiniba.I-180 °, 360 ° ingqiniba, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-"U" ukugoba okumile.
Kukwakho inkqubo yemibhobho ifuna i-engile ethile yengqiniba.Ingqiniba zingasetyenziselwa ukugoba kombhobho othe tye okanye ukuwelda kombhobho kwaye zifumaneke, zingasetyenziswa emva kokubunjwa kunye nokuwelda, okanye ukuphosa kunye nokubumba kunye nezinye iindlela, ezinje ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu lombhobho wengqiniba ubukhulu becala bukumgangatho ophezulu wekhabhoni yentsimbi okanye ialloy steel forging. kwaye ube.
②Tee
Xa imibhobho emibini idityaniswe enye kwenye okanye ifuna ukuba ne-bypass shunt, ukufakwa kwindawo edibeneyo kubizwa ngokuba yi-tee.
Ngokutsho kwee-angles ezahlukeneyo zokufikelela kumbhobho, kukho ukufikelela ngokuthe nkqo kwi-tee yokudibanisa ekhangayo, i-diagonal connection tee.I-Slanting tee ngokwe-engile ye-slanting ukuseta igama, njenge-45 ° slanting tee njalo njalo.
Ukongeza, ngokobukhulu becaliber ye-inlet kunye ne-outlet ngokulandelanayo, njenge-diameter elinganayo tee.Ukongeza kwizixhobo eziqhelekileyo zee tee, kodwa rhoqo ngenani lojongano olubizwa ngokuba, umzekelo, ezine, ezintlanu, i-diagonal connection tee.Ukufakelwa kwee tee eziqhelekileyo, ukongeza kwi-welding yepayipi, kukho ukubunjwa kweqela elibunjiweyo, ukuphosa kunye nokukhwabanisa.
③Ingono kunye nesinciphisi
Xa indibano yombhobho ekunqongophelweni kwecandelo elincinci, okanye ngenxa yeemfuno zokugcinwa kwipayipi yokubeka icandelo elincinci lombhobho osuswayo, ngokuphindaphindiweyo usebenzisa iNipple.
Ukuthathwa kweengono kunye nezihlanganisi (ezifana neflange, isikrufu, njl.njl.), okanye ibe yityhubhu emfutshane, eyaziwa ngokuba yigasket yombhobho.
Kuya kuba nedayamitha yombhobho emibini engalinganiyo yomlomo eqhagamshelwe kwizifakelo zombhobho obizwa ngokuba sisinciphisi.Idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yintloko yesayizi.Ufakelo olunjalo lunesinciphisi sokuphosa, kodwa kunye nombhobho osikiweyo kwaye udityaniswe okanye udityaniswe ngepleyiti yentsimbi eqengqelekisiweyo.Abanciphisi kwimibhobho yoxinzelelo oluphezulu benziwe kwi-forgings okanye i-shrunken ukusuka kwi-high-pressure seamless steel tubes.
④Iiflange kunye neemfama
Ukuze kuququzelelwe ukufakwa kunye nokugcinwa, umbhobho uhlala usetyenziselwa uxhulumaniso olunokuchithwa, i-flange yindawo yokudibanisa esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo.
Ukucoca kunye nokuhlolwa kufuneka kumiselwe kumbhobho wesandla umngxuma oyimfama okanye ipleyiti eyimfama efakwe ekupheleni kombhobho.Ipleyiti eyimfama ingasetyenziselwa ukuvala okwethutyana umbhobho we-interface okanye icandelo lombhobho ukuphazamisa uxhulumaniso kunye nenkqubo.
Ngokubanzi, umbhobho ophantsi woxinzelelo, imilo yemfama kunye neflange eqinileyo efanayo, ngoko le mfama ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-flange cover, le mfama kunye neflange efanayo iye yasemgangathweni, imilinganiselo ethile inokufumaneka kwiincwadana ezifanelekileyo.
Ukongezelela, kwizixhobo zeekhemikhali kunye nokugcinwa kwemibhobho, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukhuseleko, ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwenziwa ngepleyiti yensimbi efakwe phakathi kweeflange ezimbini zeediski eziqinileyo, ezisetyenziselwa ukuhlukanisa okwethutyana izixhobo okanye umbhobho kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa.Le mfama ngokuqhelekileyo ibizwa ngokuba yi-insert blind.Faka ubungakanani bemfama bunokufakwa kwindawo yokutywina ye-flange yobukhulu obufanayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-01-2023