Imibhobho yeekhemikhali kunye neevalvu yinxalenye eyimfuneko kwimveliso yemichiza kwaye likhonkco phakathi kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezixhobo zemichiza.Zisebenza njani iivalvu ezi-5 zezona zixhaphakileyo kwimibhobho yekhemikhali?Injongo ephambili?Yeyiphi imibhobho yeekhemikhali kunye neevalvu zokufakelwa?(iintlobo ezili-11 zombhobho + iintlobo ezi-4 zofakelo + 11 iivalvu) imibhobho yemichiza ezi zinto, ukubamba ngokupheleleyo!
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11 iivalvu ezinkulu
Isixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukulawula ukuhamba kolwelo kumbhobho sibizwa ngokuba sisivalo.Iindima zayo eziphambili zezi:
Vula kwaye uvale indima - ukunqunyulwa okanye ukunxibelelana nokuhamba kwamanzi kumbhobho;
Ukulungelelaniswa - ukulungelelanisa izinga lokuhamba kwamanzi kumbhobho, ukuhamba;
I-Throttling - ukuhamba kwamanzi kwi-valve, kubangele ukuhla koxinzelelo olukhulu.
Ukuhlelwa:
Ngokwendima yevalve kumbhobho yahlukile, inokwahlulwa ibe yivalve esikiweyo (ekwabizwa ngokuba yiglowubhu), ivalve ye-throttle, ivalve yokukhangela, iivalve zokhuseleko njalo njalo;
Ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokwakheka kweevalvu zinokwahlulwa zibe ziivalve zesango, iplagi (edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yiCocker), iivalve zebhola, iivalve zebhabhathane, iivalve zediaphragm, iivalve ezinemigca njalo njalo.
Ukongeza, ngokutsho ukuveliswa kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zevalve, kwaye yahlulwe yaba ziivalve zensimbi engenasici, iivalve zentsimbi, iivalve zentsimbi, iivalve zeplastiki, iivalve zeceramic njalo njalo.
Ukukhethwa kweevalve ezahlukeneyo kunokufumaneka kwiincwadana ezifanelekileyo kunye neesampuli, kuphela iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zevalve ziziswa apha.
①Ivalve yeGlobe
Ngenxa yesakhiwo esilula, kulula ukwenza kunye nokugcina, isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwimibhobho yoxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye oluphakathi.Ifakwe kwisikhondo sevalve ngaphantsi kwediski yevalve engqukuva (intloko yevalve) kunye nenxalenye yeflange yomzimba wevalvu (isihlalo sevalve) ukufezekisa injongo yokunqumla ukuhamba kwamanzi.
Isiqu sevalve sinokuhlengahlengiswa ngokuphakamisa intambo yokuvula idigri yevalve, dlala indima ethile kulawulo.Ngenxa yesiphumo sokunqunyulwa kwevalve kukuxhomekeka kwintloko yevalve kunye nesihlalo sotywino senqwelomoya yesihlalo, ayifanelekanga ukusetyenziswa kumbhobho onamasuntswana aqinileyo olwelo.
I-Globe Valve ingasetyenziselwa ngokweempawu zeendaba ukukhetha intloko yevalve efanelekileyo, isihlalo, izinto zeqokobhe.Ukusetyenziswa kwevalve ngenxa yokutywinwa okubi okanye intloko, isihlalo kunye nezinye iindawo zevalve zonakaliswe, unokuthatha imela yokukhanya, ukugaya, ukuvela kunye nezinye iindlela zokulungisa kunye nokusetyenziswa, ukwenzela ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo ye-valve. ivalve.
②Ivalufa yeSango
I-perpendicular ukuya kwicala lokuhamba kweendaba ngepleyiti enye okanye ezimbini ezisicaba, kunye ne-valve yomzimba wokutywina umgangatho wokufezekisa injongo yokuvalwa.Ipleyiti yevalve iphakanyiswa ukuvula ivalve.
Ipleyiti ecaba kunye nokujikeleza kwesiqu sevalve kunye nokunyuswa, kunye nobukhulu bokuvula ukulawula ukuhamba kolwelo.Oku kuxhathisa kwevalve kuncinci, ukusebenza kakuhle kokutywina, ukuguqula ukonga kwabasebenzi, kufanelekile ngakumbi kumbhobho omkhulu wecaliber, kodwa ulwakhiwo lwevalvu yesango luntsonkothile ngakumbi, iintlobo ezininzi.
Ngokwe-stem structure yahlukile, kukho isiqu esivulekileyo kunye nesiqu esimnyama;ngokwesakhiwo sepleyiti yevalve yahlulwe ngohlobo lwe-wedge, uhlobo oluhambelanayo njalo njalo.
Ngokubanzi, ipleyiti yohlobo lwe-wedge yipleyiti yevalve enye, kwaye uhlobo olunxuseneyo lusebenzisa iipleyiti zevalve ezimbini.Uhlobo olunxuseneyo lulula ukuveliswa kunohlobo lwe-wedge, ukulungiswa kakuhle, ukusetyenziswa akukho lula ukuguqulwa, kodwa akufanele kusetyenziswe ukuthuthwa kokungcola kumbhobho wolwelo, ngakumbi ukuthutha amanzi, igesi ecocekileyo, ioli kunye neminye imibhobho.
③Iivalvu zokuplaga
Iplagi yaziwa ngokuqhelekileyo njengeCocker, kukusetyenziswa komzimba wevalve ukufaka umngxuma osembindini kunye neplagi yeconical ukuvula nokuvala umbhobho.
Iplagi ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokutywina, inokwahlulwa ibe yiplagi yokupakisha, iplagi etywinwe ngeoyile kwaye akukho plagi yokupakisha njalo njalo.Isakhiwo seplagi silula, imilinganiselo yangaphandle encinci, ivule kwaye ivale ngokukhawuleza, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, ukuchasana kwamanzi amancinci, kulula ukwenza iindlela ezintathu okanye ezine zokusabalalisa okanye i-valve yokutshintsha.
Umphezulu wokutywina weplagi mkhulu, kulula ukuwunxiba, utshintsha nzima, akukho lula ukulungisa ukuhamba, kodwa unqumle ngokukhawuleza.Iplagi ingasetyenziselwa uxinzelelo olusezantsi kunye nobushushu okanye isiphakathi esinamasuntswana aqinileyo kumbhobho wolwelo, kodwa akufunekanga isetyenziselwe uxinzelelo oluphezulu, ubushushu obuphezulu okanye umbhobho womphunga.
④Ivalufa ye-Throttle
Yeyohlobo olunye lwesivalo seglowubhu.Ubume bentloko yevalvu yayo i-conical okanye i-streamlined, enokuthi ilawule kakuhle ukuhamba kwamanzi alawulwayo okanye ukulawulwa kwe-throttling kunye noxinzelelo.Ivalve ifuna ukuchaneka okuphezulu kwemveliso kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokutywinwa.
Ikakhulu isetyenziselwa ulawulo lwezixhobo okanye isampuli kunye neminye imibhobho, kodwa akufanele isetyenziswe kwi-viscosity kunye namasuntswana aqinileyo kumbhobho.
⑤Ivalufa yeBhola
Ivalve yebhola, ekwabizwa ngokuba yivalve yeziko lebhola, luhlobo lwesivalo esiphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza kwiminyaka yakutshanje.Isebenzisa ibhola enomngxuma embindini njengeziko levalve, ixhomekeke ekujikelezweni kwebhola ukulawula ukuvuleka okanye ukuvala ivalve.
Iyafana neplagi, kodwa incinci kunomphezulu wokutywina weplagi, ulwakhiwo oludityanisiweyo, ukutshintshwa kogcino lwabasebenzi, olusetyenziswa kakhulu kuneplagi.
Ngokuphuculwa kokwenziwa kwevalvu yebhola echanekileyo, iivalvu zebhola azisetyenziswa kuphela kumbhobho woxinzelelo oluphantsi, kwaye zisetyenziswe kumbhobho woxinzelelo oluphezulu.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwezinto zokutywinwa, akufanelekile ukusetyenziswa kwimibhobho ephezulu yokushisa.
⑥ Iivalvu ze-diaphragm
Ngokuqhelekileyo zifumaneka iivalvu zerabha diaphragm.Ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwale valve yi-diaphragm yerabha ekhethekileyo, i-diaphragm ibotshelelwe phakathi komzimba wevalve kunye nesigqubuthelo sevalvu, kwaye idiski ephantsi kwesikhondo sevalvu icinezela i-diaphragm ngokuqinileyo kumzimba wevalvu ukufikelela ukutywinwa.
Le valve inesakhiwo esilula, ukutywinwa okuthembekileyo, ukugcinwa lula kunye nokuchasana kwamanzi aphantsi.Ilungele ukuhambisa imidiya eneasidi kunye nemibhobho yolwelo eneziqina ezimisiweyo, kodwa jikelele akufuneki isetyenziselwe uxinzelelo oluphezulu okanye amaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwama-60 ℃, akufuneki isetyenziselwe ukuhambisa izinyibilikisi eziphilayo kunye nemidiya eyomeleleyo ye-oxidizing kumbhobho.
⑦ Jonga iValve
Ikwaziwa ngokuba ziivalvu ezingabuyiyo okanye iivalve zokujonga.Ifakwe kumbhobho ukwenzela ukuba i-fluid ikwazi ukuhamba kuphela kwicala elinye, kwaye ukubuyisela umva akuvumelekanga.
Luhlobo lwevalve yokuvala ngokuzenzekelayo, kukho ivalve okanye ipleyiti eshukumayo kumzimba wevalvu.Xa i-medium ihamba kakuhle, ulwelo luya kuvula ngokuzenzekelayo i-valve flap;xa ulwelo lubuyela ngasemva, ulwelo (okanye i-spring force) luya kuvala ngokuzenzekelayo i-flap yevalve.Ngokwesakhiwo esahlukileyo sevalve yokutshekisha, yahlulahlulwe ibe ziindidi ezimbini zokuphakamisa kunye ne-swing.
I-flap yokukhangela i-valve yokukhangela i-perpendicular kwintshukumo yokunyusa i-valve, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumbhobho othe tye okanye othe nkqo;Ivalve yokukhangela i-valve flap ihlala ibizwa ngokuba yi-rocker plate, icala le-rocker plate liqhagamshelwe kwi-shaft, ipleyiti ye-rocker inokujikeleziswa ijikeleze i-shaft, ivalve yokukhangela ejikelezayo ifakwe ngokubanzi kumbhobho othe tye, kuba i-diameter encinci inokufakwa kwi-shaft. umbhobho othe nkqo, kodwa qaphela ukuhamba akufuneki kube kukhulu kakhulu.
Ivalve yokukhangela isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumbhobho weendaba ococekileyo, oqulathe amasuntswana aqinileyo kunye ne-viscosity yombhobho weendaba akufanelekanga ukusetyenziswa.Ivalve yokukhangela i-valve evaliweyo ingcono kunohlobo lokujingi, kodwa uhlobo lwe-jingi yokukhangela ulwelo lwevalve luncinci kunohlobo lokuphakamisa.Ngokubanzi, ivalve yokukhangela i-swing ifanelekile kumbhobho omkhulu wecaliber.
⑧Ivalufa yebhabhathane
Ivalve yebhabhathane yidiski ejikelezayo (okanye idiski embhoxo) ukulawula ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kombhobho.Isakhiwo esilula, imilinganiselo yangaphandle encinci.
Ngenxa yesakhiwo sokutywinwa kunye neengxaki zezinto eziphathekayo, i-valve evaliweyo isebenza kakubi, kuphela kuxinzelelo oluphantsi, ukulawulwa kwemibhobho yobubanzi obukhulu, esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ekuhanjisweni kwamanzi, umoya, igesi kunye neminye imithombo yeendaba kumbhobho.
⑨ IValve yokuNciphisa uxinzelelo
Kukunciphisa uxinzelelo oluphakathi ukuya kwixabiso elithile levalve ezenzekelayo, uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo emva kokuba ivalve ibe ngaphantsi kwe-50% yoxinzelelo phambi kwevalve, exhomekeke kwi-diaphragm, intwasahlobo, ipiston kunye nezinye iindawo eziphakathi. ukulawula umahluko woxinzelelo phakathi kwe-valve flap kunye ne-gap yesitulo sevalve ukufezekisa injongo yokunciphisa uxinzelelo.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeevalvu zokunciphisa uxinzelelo, ipiston eqhelekileyo kunye ne-diaphragm uhlobo lwesibini.
⑩ ivalve yomgca
Ukuze kuthintelwe ukubola kwe-medium, ezinye iivalve kufuneka zidityaniswe ngezinto ezinganyangekiyo (ezifana nelothe, irabha, i-enamel, njl.) isiphakathi.
Ukulungelelaniswa kwe-lining, i-valve edibeneyo ininzi yenziwe ngohlobo lwe-right-angle okanye uhlobo oluhamba ngokuthe ngqo.
⑪Iivalvu zokhuseleko
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukhuseleko lwemveliso yeekhemikhali, kwinkqubo yombhobho phantsi koxinzelelo, kukho isixhobo sokhuseleko esisisigxina, oko kukuthi, ukukhethwa kobunzima obuthile bephepha lesinyithi, njengokufaka ipleyiti eyimfama efakwe ekupheleni kombhobho okanye tee interface.
Xa uxinzelelo kwipayipi lukhuphuka, ishidi liphukile ukufezekisa injongo yokunciphisa uxinzelelo.Iipleyiti zokukrazula zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kuxinzelelo oluphantsi, imibhobho yobubanzi obukhulu, kodwa kwimibhobho emininzi yemichiza eneevalvu zokhuseleko, iivalvu zokhuseleko ziindidi ezininzi, zinokwahlulwa ngokubanzi zibe ziindidi ezimbini, ezizezi, i-spring-loaded kunye ne-lever-type.
Iivalve zokhuseleko ezilayishwe entwasahlobo zixhomekeke ikakhulu kumandla entwasahlobo ukuphumeza ukutywinwa.Xa uxinzelelo kumbhobho ludlula amandla entwasahlobo, i-valve ivulwa yi-medium, kwaye i-fluid kwipayipi ikhutshwe, ukwenzela ukuba uxinzelelo luyancipha.
Emva kokuba uxinzelelo kumbhobho wehla ngaphantsi kwamandla entwasahlobo, i-valve ivala kwakhona.Iivalve zokhuseleko lohlobo lwe-Lever ikakhulu zixhomekeke kumandla obunzima kwi-lever ukufezekisa ukutywinwa, umgaqo wesenzo kunye nohlobo lwentwasahlobo.Ukukhetha ivalve yokhuseleko, kusekelwe kuxinzelelo olusebenzayo kunye nobushushu bokusebenza ukumisela inqanaba loxinzelelo lwegama, ubungakanani balo bungabalwa ngokubhekiselele kumalungiselelo afanelekileyo ukumisela.
Uhlobo lwesakhiwo sevalve yokhuseleko, imathiriyeli yevalvu kufuneka ikhethwe ngokohlobo oluphakathi, iimeko zokusebenza.Uxinzelelo lokuqala, uvavanyo kunye nokwamkelwa kwevalve yokhuseleko lunezibonelelo ezikhethekileyo, ukulinganisa rhoqo lisebe lezokhuseleko, ukuprintwa kwetywina, ekusetyenzisweni akuyi kulungelelaniswa ngokungekho mthethweni ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-01-2023