1. I-Womic Steel: Amandla okuvelisa kunye namandla enkampani
I-Womic Steel Group ngumvelisi ophambili kunye nomthengisi wehlabathi jikelele onamava angaphezu kweminyaka engama-20 ekuveliseni iimveliso zetyhubhu zekhabhoni, i-alloy, kunye nentsimbi engagqwaliyo. Isixhobo sethu sokuvelisa iipayipi ze-SSAW esisemgangathweni ophezulu sigubungela amandla okuvelisa angaphezulu kweetoni ezili-15,000 ngenyanga kwiipali zepayipi zentsimbi ezidityaniswe nge-spiral submarine arc, ezikhonza iiprojekthi zaselwandle, zaselwandle, kunye neziseko ezinzulu kwihlabathi liphela.
Uluhlu lobungakanani bemveliso yeNqwaba yePipe yeNsimbi yeSSAW:Ububanzi bangaphandle ukusuka kwi-508mm ukuya kwi-3,000mm (ii-intshi ezingama-20 ukuya kwi-120 intshi) kwinkqubo ye-SSAW. Ubukhulu bodonga ukusuka kwi-6.0mm ukuya kwi-25.4mm. Ubude obunye ukusuka kwi-6m ukuya kwi-18m eqhelekileyo, kunye nobude obulungiselelweyo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-60m obufumanekayo kwiiprojekthi zesiseko esinzulu.
Iziqinisekiso zoMgangatho kunye nokuThotyelwa kweMithetho:
Isiqinisekiso se-ISO 9001:2015:Inkqubo yoLawulo loMgangatho yokufakela iinkqubo zokuvelisa iipayipi kunye nokulawula umgangatho, ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso ohambelanayo kunye nophuculo oluqhubekayo kuyo yonke imisebenzi yokuvelisa.
Ilayisenisi yeMonogram ye-API 5L / API 2B:I-Womic Steel inelayisenisi ye-API 5L yokwenziwa kweLine Pipe kunye nelayisenisi ye-API 2B yeStructural Steel Pipe yezicelo zaselwandle. I-API Monogram imele ukuzibophelela kwethu kwimigangatho ephezulu yoshishino yeepayipi zokufaka iipali zolwakhiwo olukude nolwandle. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kwe-API kuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa okuqhubekayo kweemfuno zeenkcukacha.
Ukumakishwa kwe-CE (PED 2014/68/EU):Iipayipi zethu zokufaka iipali ziyahambelana ne-European Pressure Equipment Directive (PED) 2014/68/EU. Uphawu lwe-CE luyafumaneka xa luceliwe ukuze kube lula ukucocwa kwerhafu kunye nokwamkelwa kweprojekthi ngaphakathi kwe-European Economic Area (EEA). I-Declaration of Performance (DoP) inikezelwa kwiimveliso ezisemgangathweni ze-EN.
Isiqinisekiso se-EN 10204 3.2:Ukongeza kwiSatifikethi zoVavanyo lweMill ezisemgangathweni ezingama-2.2 kunye nama-3.1, sinikezela ngeemveliso ezineSatifikethi soVavanyo 3.2, esiqinisekiswe yimibutho yangaphandle egunyazisiweyo yi-EU (TÜV, LR, BV, SGS) kwiiprojekthi ezibalulekileyo zaselwandle nezesiseko ezifuna ukulandelelwa ngokupheleleyo kwezinto kunye nokuqinisekiswa okuzimeleyo.
Ukuvunywa koHlolo lweQela lesithathu (TPI):Iimveliso zethu kunye neenkqubo zemveliso ziyavunywa kwaye zihlolwe ziiarhente ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe kunye neMibutho yoHlelo oluQokelelweyo kuquka i-SGS, i-BV, i-ABS, i-LR, i-DNV, i-GL, kunye ne-TÜV. Ezi mvume zibonisa amandla ethu okubonelela ngeepayipi zokufaka iipayili kwiiprojekthi zoHlelo oluQokelelweyo loluntu lwaselwandle nolwaselwandle.
Iziqinisekiso ezongezelelweyo ezikhoyo:
I-ISO 14001:2015(Inkqubo yoLawulo lweNdalo) -- Sizibophelele kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa ezizinzileyo
I-ISO 45001:2018(Inkqubo yoLawulo lwezeMpilo noKhuseleko emsebenzini) -- Ukuqinisekisa indawo yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo
I-FPC (Ulawulo lweMveliso yeFektri)ngokwe-EN 10248 / EN 10219 -- Ukuzibhengeza kokuvumelana nokumakishwa kwe-CE
I-NORSOK M-650(Umgangatho waseNorway wezinto zentsimbi) -- Iyafumaneka kwiiprojekthi zoLwandle oluseMantla olungaselunxwemeni
Ukwamkelwa kwihlabathi liphela:I-Womic Steel ngumthengisi othembekileyo kwiinkampani ze-EPC zehlabathi, iingcali zezibuko, iifemu zobunjineli baselwandle, kunye neenkampani zesiseko, ekhonza amazwe angaphezu kwama-80 kuMzantsi-mpuma we-Asia, eYurophu, kuMbindi Mpuma, eAfrika, naseMelika.
2. I-ASTM A252 GR.3: Ukwakhiwa kwezinto kunye neempawu zokusebenza
I-ASTM A252 GR.3yinkcazo esemgangathweni yaseMelika yeepayipu zentsimbi ezidityanisiweyo nezingenamthungo. Igama elithi "GR.3" libonisa iBanga lesi-3, elinomlinganiselo ophezulu wamandla phakathi kwee-grades ezintathu ze-ASTM A252 (GR.1, GR.2, GR.3). IBanga lesi-3 linika amandla amancinci okuvelisa angama-345 MPa (50,000 psi), nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe lolona khetho lukhethwayo kwisiseko esinzulu, ukufakwa kweepayipu zaselwandle, kunye nezicelo zokuthwala imithwalo enzima apho kufuneka khona ulwakhiwo oluphezulu.
I-ASTM A252 GR.3 yenzelwe ngokukodwa ukusetyenziswa kweepali, inikezela ngokudityaniswa okugqwesileyo kokudibanisa intsimi, ukuqina okuhle kobushushu obuphantsi kwiindawo zaselwandle, kunye nokuguquguquka okwaneleyo ukumelana noxinzelelo lokuqhuba ngexesha lokufakwa kweepali. Xa kuthelekiswa namanqanaba aqhelekileyo olwakhiwo afana ne-A36, olu didi lweepali lubonelela ngomthamo ophezulu kakhulu wokuthwala umthwalo, ovumela ubunzulu bokuqhuba obunzulu kunye nobuninzi beepali obuncitshisiweyo.
Ulwakhiwo lweeKhemikhali (Uhlalutyo lweeLadle, % ngobunzima):
| I-elementi | I-ASTM A252 GR.3 (Ubuninzi %) |
| C | 0.26 |
| Mn | 1.35 |
| P | 0.040 |
| S | 0.050 |
| Si | --- |
| Cu | --- |
Qaphela: I-ASTM A252 GR.3 yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kweepali ezine-ductility elungileyo yokumelana noxinzelelo oluqhubayo ngaphandle kokuqhekeka. I-carbon equivalent (CEV) idla ngokulawulwa ukuqinisekisa ukudityaniswa kakuhle kwentsimi ukuze kudityaniswe iipali.
Iipropati zoomatshini (Ubushushu begumbi):
| Ipropati | I-ASTM A252 GR.3 |
| Amandla Okuvelisa (umzuzu) | I-345 MPa (50,000 psi) |
| Amandla okuThamba (umzuzu) | I-455 MPa (66,000 psi) |
| Ukwandiswa (umzuzu) | 20% (kwigeyiji ye-50mm) |
| Ukuqina Kwempembelelo | Akucaciswanga (ukhetho) |
*Qaphela: Kwizicelo zaselwandle ezifuna ukuqina kwempembelelo kubushushu obuphantsi, uvavanyo olongezelelweyo lwempembelelo lungachazwa njengemfuneko yokuzikhethela. Uvavanyo lwempembelelo kwi-0°C, -20°C, okanye -40°C luyafumaneka xa luceliwe.*
Ukuthelekiswa kweeNqanaba zePipe ze-ASTM A252 Piling:
| Ibanga | Amandla okuKhula (i-MPa) | Amandla okuThamba (MPa) | Isicelo esiqhelekileyo |
| GR.1 | 205 | 345 | Isiseko esilula, iinqwaba ezingaphantsi |
| GR.2 | 240 | 415 | Umthwalo ophakathi, isiseko sokwakha |
| GR.3 | 345 | 455 | Umthwalo onzima, ulwandle, isiseko esinzulu |
Qaphela: Kwiiprojekthi zaselwandle ezifuna uxinzelelo olukhulu kunye nokungena nzulu, i-ASTM A252 GR.3 yeyona nqanaba licetyiswayo.
3. Ukuthobela uLuhlu lweeDimensional kunye neMigangatho
I-Womic Steel ibonelela ngeepayipu zentsimbi ze-ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW ezijikeleze ububanzi obuhlukeneyo, zihambelana ngokupheleleyo ne-ASTM A252 kunye nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe enxulumene nayo. Inkqubo ye-SSAW (Spiral Submerged Arc Welded) ifanelekile kwizicelo zokufaka iipayipu ezinkulu.
| Into | Inkcazo |
| Umgangatho | I-ASTM A252 (GR.1, GR.2, GR.3) |
| Inkqubo yoMveliso | I-SSAW (I-Spiral Submerged Arc Welded) - 508mm-3,000mm OD |
| Uluhlu lweDayamitha yangaphandle | 508mm – 3,000mm (20" – 120") |
| Uluhlu Lobukhulu Bodonga | 6.0mm – 25.4mm |
| Uluhlu lobude | Umgangatho: 6m, 12m, 18m / Ngokwezifiso: ukuya kuthi ga kwi-60m |
| Isiphelo Sokugqiba | Isiphelo esicacileyo (PE) / Isiphelo esibekiweyo (BE) esineendandatho zentsimbi yomnikelo ongeyomfuneko |
| Umphezulu Ukugqiba | Engenanto / Efakwe ioyile / Emnyama egqunywe nge-epoxy ye-3PE / FBE / Coal Tar |
| Ukunyamezelana | I-OD: ±1.0% / Ubunzima: -0% +15% (ASTM) / Ubude: +50mm -0mm |
4. Ubukhulu kunye neenkcukacha ezikhoyo - Inqwaba yeMbhobho yeNsimbi ye-ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW
Umbhobho Wokufaka Iipayiphu ze-SSAW (508mm – 3,000mm OD)
| OD (mm) | Iinketho zoBungqingqwa bodonga (mm) | Ubunzima (kg/m2) | Ubude obuqhelekileyo |
| 508 – 610 | 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 74.3 – 360.5 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 610 – 762 | 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 89.4 – 454.3 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 762 – 914 | 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 111.9 – 548.2 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 914 – 1,067 | 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 178.7 – 642.4 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 1,067 – 1,220 | 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 209.0 – 736.5 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 1,220 – 1,422 | 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 298.4 – 859.8 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 1,422 – 1,625 | 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 348.2 – 986.5 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 1,625 – 2,000 | 12.0, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 477.1 – 1,217.4 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 2,000 – 2,500 | 12.0, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 588.5 – 1,527.2 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 2,500 – 3,000 | 12.0, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 736.5 – 1,841.7 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
Qaphela: Ubukhulu obulungiselelweyo ngaphandle kwezi zigaba bufumaneka xa uceliwe. Ububanzi obukhulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-3,500mm / 138") buyafumaneka kwiiprojekthi ezikhethekileyo.
5. I-Common Piling Piling Pipes, Marine kunye ne-Foundation Standards eyenziwe yiWomic Steel
| Umgangatho | Amanqanaba eNsimbi | Isicelo esiqhelekileyo |
| Imigangatho yokuHlanganisa ye-ASTM | ||
| I-ASTM A252 | GR.1, GR.2, GR.3 | Iipayipu zentsimbi zesiseko esinzulu, ukufakelwa kweenqanawa |
| I-ASTM A500 | GR.A, GR.B, GR.C | Iityhubhu ezijikelezileyo/ezisikwere zesakhiwo zokufaka inqwaba kunye nokuxhasa |
| I-ASTM A501 | GR.A, GR.B | Iityhubhu ezakhiwe ngendlela eshushu zokufaka iindonga |
| I-ASTM A690 | Ibanga leMariner | Iingqimba zentsimbi ezingamelani nokugqwala emanzini olwandle |
| I-ASTM A572 | GR.42, GR.50, GR.60, GR.65 | Ukwakhiwa kweentsika eziphantsi ze-alloy ezinamandla aphezulu |
| I-ASTM A588 | GR.A, GR.B, GR.C | Ukufakwa kwentsimbi eguquguqukayo, isiseko sebhulorho |
| Imigangatho yokuHlanganisa ye-EN | ||
| EN 10248 | I-S235GP, i-S275GP, i-S355GP | Ukufakwa kweshiti yentsimbi eqengqelekayo eshushu kunye nokufakwa kwepayipi |
| EN 10219 | S235JRH, S275JRH, S355JRH, S355J2H | Iindawo ezingenanto ezibunjiweyo ezakhiwe ngentsimbi ebandayo zokufaka iinqwaba |
| I-EN 10025 | S235JR, S275JR, S355JR, S355J2 | Isinyithi esigoqwe ngobushushu sokwakha esisetyenziselwa ukuqokelela izinto ezininzi kunye nokusetyenziswa elwandle |
| Imigangatho ye-API | ||
| I-API 5L | GR.B, X42, X52, X65, X70 | Umbhobho womgca osetyenziswa njengeenqwaba (uxhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo ezikude nolwandle) |
| I-API 2B | GR.42, GR.50, GR.60 | Ukufakwa kwemibhobho yentsimbi yesakhiwo eselunxwemeni |
| Imigangatho ye-JIS | ||
| I-JIS A5525 | SKK400, SKK490, SKK540 | Iipayipu zentsimbi zezakhiwo zezibuko kunye nezolwandle |
| I-JIS G3444 | STK290, STK400, STK490, STK540 | Iityhubhu zentsimbi yekhabhoni zokufaka iipali zesakhiwo |
Ukusetyenziswa:Ukufakwa kweziseko ezinzulu, ukufakwa kweziseko zolwandle, isiseko seqonga lolwandle, ukwakhiwa kwezibuko kunye neenqanawa, isiseko sebhulorho, ukhuseleko lonxweme, udonga oluqhekeza amanzi, inkqubo yefender, inqwaba yejakethi, ukwakhiwa kwezibuko kunye neechweba, ukulungiswa komhlaba, uqeqesho lomlambo, ubunjineli bemijelo, ukwakhiwa kwezibuko zamanzi anzulu, isiseko sokulungiswa kwenyikima, iindonga zokugcina, ii-cofferdams, iziseko ze-caisson, iziseko ze-turbine yomoya yolwandle
6. Inkqubo yoMveliso - Inqwaba yePipe yeNsimbi yeSSAW (Spiral Submerged Arc Welded)
Inkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-SSAW yePipe yokuQokelela (508mm – 3,000mm OD):
Ukuhlolwa kwezinto eziluhlaza (iKhoyili):Iikhoyili zentsimbi ezingenayo ezigoqwe ngobushushu ziyaqinisekiswa ukuba zenziwe ngamakhemikhali, iimpawu zoomatshini, kunye nomgangatho womphezulu ngokuchasene ne-ASTM A252 okanye iinkcukacha zomthengi. Ikhoyili nganye inikwe inombolo yobushushu eyahlukileyo ukuqinisekisa ukulandeleka ngokupheleleyo kwezinto kuyo yonke imveliso.
Ukuvula kunye nokulinganisa:Iikhoyili zentsimbi zifakwa kwi-uncoiler kwaye zifakwe ngomatshini wokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuze zithe tyaba umcu, zisuse iseti yeekhoyili kwaye ziqinisekise ukuba zithe tyaba ngokulinganayo ukuze kubekho ukwakheka okujikelezayo okuhlala kusenzeka.
Ukusila kunye nokuSika imiphetho:Zombini imiphetho emide yomcu wentsimbi iyasilwa kwaye inqunyulwe ukuze ifikelele kububanzi obuchanekileyo (± 0.5mm). Ukulungiswa komphetho kudala umphezulu ococekileyo, ohambelanayo obalulekileyo ekwakhiweni kwe-spiral weld esemgangathweni ophezulu.
Ukwakheka kweSpiral:Umcu olinganisiweyo ufakwa kumatshini owenza i-spiral kwi-engile ye-helix elawulwayo. Umcu uhlala usenziwa ube yi-spiral cylindrical shape, kunye nemiphetho elungelelaniswe ukuwelda. I-engile ye-helix inokulungiswa ukuze kufumaneke ububanzi obahlukeneyo be-coil efanayo.
Ukuwelda kwe-Arc efakwe ngaphakathi emanzini (i-SAW):Umthungo wangaphakathi ojikelezayo udityaniswa kuqala kusetyenziswa izixhobo zokuwelda ezifakwe kwi-arc ezizenzekelayo kunye nomxube ofanelekileyo we-flux kunye nocingo. Intloko yokuwelda ibekwe ngaphakathi kombhobho ukuqinisekisa ukungena ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukuwelda kwe-Arc engaphantsi kwamanzi (i-SAW) yangaphandle:Umthungo wangaphandle ojikelezayo udityaniswa kwangoko emva kwe-inner weld, kusetyenziswa izixhobo zokuwelda eziphantsi komhlaba ezizenzekelayo. I-interior weld igqibezela i-inpetting weld epheleleyo kwaye inika amandla ongezelelweyo.
Ukusika Ubude:Umbhobho odibeneyo ojikelezayo oqhubekayo unqunyulwa ngobude obuchaziweyo kusetyenziswa iinkqubo zokusika i-plasma okanye i-oxygen ezizenzekelayo ngolawulo lobude obuchanekileyo (+50mm -0mm kwiinkcukacha zokufaka inqwaba).
Uvavanyo Olungonakalisiyo (NDT):
Uvavanyo lwe-Ultrasonic oluyi-100% (UT):Inkqubo ye-UT ezenzekelayo ihlola yonke i-spiral weld seam kunye nomzimba wephayiphi epheleleyo ukuze ibone ukuba kukho ii-laminations, izinto ezifakiweyo, ukungabikho kwe-fusion, kunye nezinye izinto ezingahambelaniyo.
Uvavanyo lweRadiographic (RT):Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray okanye i-gamma-ray yomthungo we-weld (indawo okanye ubude obupheleleyo njengoko kuchaziwe) ukuqinisekisa umgangatho we-weld kunye nokungena kwayo.
Uhlolo lweeNgcawu zeMagnetic (MPI):Ukuhlolwa kweenzwane ze-weld kunye nendawo echaphazeleka bubushushu ukuze kujongwe imifantu yomphezulu kunye nokungaqhubeki kwawo.
Uvavanyo lwe-Hydrostatic (Ukhetho):Ifumaneka xa umthengi ecela izicelo ezibalulekileyo zokufaka iipali ezifuna ukuqinisekiswa kobunyani boxinzelelo.
Ukugqiba Ukugqiba:Iziphelo ezingenanto (ezisikwele) okanye iziphelo ezibhityiweyo (i-angle ye-bevel engama-30°-35°) ngokweemfuno zomthengi. Iindandatho zentsimbi ezincamathelayo zinokudityaniswa kwiiphelo zepayipi ukuze kukhuselwe ngakumbi ngexesha lokuqhuba iipali.
Uhlolo lokugqibela kunye nokumakishwa:Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kweziphene zomphezulu, ukuqinisekiswa kobukhulu (OD, WT, ubude, ukuthe tye, ukujikeleza), kunye nophawu olusisigxina ngokwe-ASTM A252 (kubandakanya inqanaba, ubungakanani, inombolo yobushushu, ukuchongwa komenzi).
Iingenelo zeNkqubo ye-SSAW yoMbhobho wokuHlanganisa:
1. Ubuchule bokuvelisa ububanzi obukhulu kakhulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-3,000mm+) kwiikhoyili zobubanzi obuqhelekileyo
2. Inkqubo yemveliso eqhubekayo yokusebenza kakuhle
3. Ixabiso elifanelekileyo kwizicelo zokufaka iipali ezinkulu ngobubanzi
4. Uzinzo oluhle kunye nokujikeleza kokuqhuba
7. Iinkqubo zoLawulo loMgangatho kunye noVavanyo lweMibhobho yokuQokelela ye-SSAW
| Iqonga | Indlela yokuhlola | Injongo |
| Izinto eziluhlaza (iKhoyili) | Uhlalutyo lweeKhemikhali (i-OES Spectrometer) | Qinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemida yokwakheka kwe-ASTM A252 |
| Izinto eziluhlaza (iKhoyili) | Uvavanyo lokuThatha | Qinisekisa amandla okuvelisa, amandla okutsalwa, ubude |
| Izinto eziluhlaza (iKhoyili) | Uvavanyo lwe-Ultrasonic | Chonga ii-laminations zangaphakathi kunye neziphene |
| Kwinkqubo | Uhlolo lweMilinganiselo (iiMicrometer) | Iliso le-OD, i-WT ngexesha lokwenziwa kwe-spiral |
| Kwinkqubo | Ukuhlolwa koLungiso lweMida | Qinisekisa imeko yomphetho kunye nokulungelelaniswa |
| Indawo yokuWelda | Uvavanyo lwe-Ultrasonic (UT) - Kwi-intanethi | Fumanisa ukungaqhubeki kwe-weld, ukungabikho kokudibana |
| Indawo yokuWelda | Uvavanyo lweRadiographic (RT) | Qinisekisa ukungena kwe-weld, i-porosity, ukufakwa kwe-slag |
| Indawo yokuWelda | Uhlolo lweeNgcawu zeMagnetic (MPI) | Ukufunyanwa kweentanda zomphezulu (ukuwelda kunye neHAZ) |
| Umbhobho ogqityiweyo | Uvavanyo lweMilinganiselo | Qinisekisa i-OD, i-WT, ubude, ukuthe tye, ukujikeleza |
| Umbhobho ogqityiweyo | Uvavanyo lwe-Hydrostatic (Ukhetho) | Qinisekisa ukuthembeka koxinzelelo kwizicelo ezibalulekileyo |
| Umbhobho ogqityiweyo | Uvavanyo lwe-Bend olukhokelwayo | Qinisekisa ukuba i-weld ductility kunye ne-vintage |
| Umbhobho ogqityiweyo | Uvavanyo lokuTyatya | Qinisekisa ukuba umzimba wombhobho uqinile kwaye uqinile |
| Umbhobho ogqityiweyo | Uvavanyo lweCharpy V-Notch Impact (Ukhetho) | Qinisekisa ukuba ukuqina kobushushu obuphantsi kusetyenziso lwaselwandle |
| Umbhobho ogqityiweyo | Uvavanyo loBulukhuni (Ukhetho) | Qinisekisa ubulukhuni obuphezulu bokudityaniswa |
| Umbhobho ogqityiweyo | Ukuhlolwa koMphezulu nokubonakalayo | Jonga iziphene zomphezulu, ii-laminations, kunye nemingxunya |
| Umbhobho ogqityiweyo | Ukuqinisekiswa kokumakisha | Qinisekisa ukuba uphawu olusisigxina luphawulwa ngokwemigangatho |
Uvavanyo oluKhethekileyo lwezicelo ezibalulekileyo zaseLwandle naseLwandle:
● Uvavanyo lwe-CTOD (Crack Tip Opening Displacement) lokujonga ukuba i-fracture iqine kangakanani
● Uvavanyo lwe-HIC (Hydrogen Induced Cracking) ngokwe-NACE TM0284
● Uvavanyo lwe-SSC (Sulfide Stress Cracking) ngokwe-NACE TM0177
● Uvavanyo lweMpembelelo kubushushu obuphantsi kwi -20°C, -40°C, okanye -60°C
● Uvavanyo loBulukhuni (HV10 okanye HRC) ukuze kufunyanwe isiqinisekiso senkonzo emuncu
Amaxwebhu oMgangatho:
● Isatifikethi sovavanyo lweMill ngokwe-EN 10204 Uhlobo 2.2, 3.1, okanye 3.2
● Ingxelo yoVavanyo lwe-Ultrasonic (ukuwelda kunye nomzimba)
● Ingxelo yoVavanyo lweRadiographic (ukuba ichaziwe)
● Ingxelo yoHlolo lweeDimensional
● Ukulandelela ukusuka kwinani lobushushu ukuya kumbhobho ogqityiweyo
8. Izicelo eziphambili - Inqwaba yeMbhobho yeNsimbi ye-ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW
Iipayipu zentsimbi ze-ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwisiseko esinzulu, ukwakhiwa kolwandle, kunye neeprojekthi zobunjineli bezakhiwo ezinzima:
Ukuqokelela isiseko esinzulu:Iinqwaba ezithwala umthwalo zezakhiwo eziphakamileyo, iibhulorho, izakhiwo zoshishino, kunye nezakhiwo ezinzima ezifuna inkxaso yesiseko esinzulu. Amandla aphezulu e-GR.3 avumela ubunzulu bokuqhuba obunzulu kunye nomthamo ophezulu womthwalo.
Isiseko sePlatform yoLwandle kunye ne-Offshore:Iinqwaba zeziseko zeendawo zeoyile negesi ezikude nolwandle, izixhobo zokumba, iindawo zokuvelisa, kunye neziseko ze-wind turbine ezikude nolwandle. Ukufakwa kweenqwaba zeenqwelo-moya emanzini kufuneka kumelane nentshukumo yamaza, amandla angoku, kunye nokusingqongileyo kwamanzi olwandle arhabaxa.
Ukwakhiwa kweZikhumbi, iiDokhi kunye neeZibuko:Ukufaka inqwaba yee-terminals zeekhonteyina, iindawo zokuthutha imithwalo emikhulu, ii-terminals zabakhweli, izibonelelo zeRo-Ro, kunye neendawo zokuthutha imithwalo ngokubanzi. Ii-piles zibonelela ngenkxaso yesakhiwo sezakhiwo zeedekhi, iidolphin ezibophayo, kunye needolphin ezincancisayo.
Isiseko seBridge kunye nePier:Iingqumba zesiseko ezinzulu zeengcango zeebhulorho, ii-abutments, kunye neziseko zenqaba zeebhulorho ezihlala kwiintambo kunye neebhulorho ezixhonyiweyo. Iingqumba zidlulisela imithwalo yesakhiwo kwii-strata ezifanelekileyo zokuthwala.
Ukhuseleko loNxweme kunye nodonga lolwandle:Ukubeka iindonga zolwandle, iindawo zokubeka udonga olungaselunxwemeni, ukhuseleko lonxweme, kunye nolawulo lokukhukuliseka. Iipayipu zentsimbi zibonelela ngenkxaso eqinileyo yesakhiwo seeyunithi zezixhobo kunye nezakhiwo zekhonkrithi.
Ukwakhiwa kweBreakwater kunye neJetty:Ukuqokelela iziseko zamanzi aqhekezayo kwinduli yenkunkuma, iindawo zokukhusela amanzi ezithe nkqo eludongeni, iijethi, kunye neegroynes. Iingqumba zibonelela ngozinzo lwesiseko sezakhiwo ezichitha amaza.
Inkxaso yeNkqubo yeFender:Iingqumba zokuxhasa iinkqubo zokubopha iinqanawa zaselwandle kwiindawo zokubeka iinqanawa kunye nezakhiwo zokubeka iinqanawa. Iingqumba zifunxa amandla okubeka iinqanawa kwaye zikhusela inqanawa kunye nesakhiwo ngexesha lomsebenzi wokubopha.
Inqwaba yeJacket yePlatform yeoyile negesi:Ukuqokelela izakhiwo zejakethi ezixhasa amaqonga okuvelisa ioyile negesi. Iingqumba ezinkulu, ezinobukhulu obungqingqwa ziqhutywa kwimilenze yejakethi kwaye zifakwe umgubo endaweni yazo.
Ukubuyiselwa Komhlaba Nokubuyiselwa Kodonga Lolwandle:Ukuqokelela izakhiwo zokukhusela indawo yokubuyiselwa komhlaba, iindonga zolwandle ezijikeleze ulwandle, kunye nee-bunds zokubuyiselwa komhlaba. Iinqwaba zibonelela ngobuchule besakhiwo kwiiprojekthi zokwandisa umhlaba.
Uqeqesho lweMilambo kunye noLawulo lweZikhukula:Ukufaka iinqwaba zokukhusela unxweme lomlambo, ulwalathiso lweendonga, izikhonkwane, kunye nezakhiwo zokulawula izikhukula. Iinqwaba zemibhobho yentsimbi ziqinisa unxweme lomlambo kwaye zikhusela ekukhukulisekeni nasekukhukulisekeni.
Ubunjineli beTunnel kunye nokuSika nokuGquma:Ukufaka iintsika zeziseko zemijelo ezisikiweyo nezigqunyiweyo, iindonga zeenqwaba ezifihlakeleyo, kunye nezakhiwo zenkxaso yesango lemijelo. Iinqwaba zibonelela ngenkxaso ethe nkqo neyasecaleni kwizakhiwo ezingaphantsi komhlaba.
Isiseko seSeismic Retrofit:Ukuqokelela izinto zokulungisa izakhiwo ezikhoyo, kuquka iziseko zeebhulorho, iziseko zezakhiwo, kunye nezakhiwo zezibuko ezifuna ukumelana nenyikima okuphuculweyo.
9. Ukupakishwa kunye nokuthunyelwa - Inqwaba yeMbhobho yeNsimbi ye-ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW
Iipayipu zentsimbi ze-ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW ziyapakishwa kwaye zithunyelwa ngononophelo olukhulu ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwazo ngexesha lokuhamba. Nantsi inkcazo yenkqubo yokupakisha nokuthumela iipayipu ezinkulu ze-SSAW:
Ukupakisha:
Ukwaleka okuKhuselekileyo:Ngaphambi kokupakishwa, imibhobho inokugqunywa ngomaleko omncinci weoyile yokulwa nomhlwa okanye ivanishi yokukhusela ukuthintela ukugqwala komphezulu kunye ne-oxidation ngexesha lokugcina kunye nokuhamba. Ukugqitywa okungenanto kukwafumaneka ukuze kusetyenziswe ukugquma kwangoko kwindawo oya kuyo okanye kwiindawo zaselwandle apho kuchazwe khona imvume yokugqwala.
Ukubopha (Ububanzi obuncinci):Kwimibhobho emincinci enobubanzi (ngesiqhelo ingaphantsi kwe-610mm / 24"), imibhobho ihlanganiswa ndawonye ibe ziibhanti eziziihexagonal okanye eziziingxande. Ziqiniswe kusetyenziswa iibhanti zentsimbi (ngesiqhelo iibhanti ezi-3-5 ngebhanti nganye enezikhuselo zeekona) ukuthintela intshukumo ngaphakathi kwibhanti.
Ukunqwabelana Ngamnye (Ububanzi Obukhulu):Kwimibhobho emikhulu enobubanzi (ngaphezulu kwe-610mm / 24"), imibhobho idla ngokuphathwa kwaye ithunyelwe nganye nganye ngenxa yobunzima kunye nemida yobukhulu. I-dunnage yomthi okanye i-rubber padding ebekwe phakathi kweengqimba zemibhobho ithintela ukukrazuka kunye nomonakalo we-coating.
Iintloko zokuphela:Izigqubuthelo zeplastiki okanye zentsimbi zibekwe kuzo zombini iziphelo zombhobho ngamnye ukukhusela iziphelo ezibhityileyo, iziphelo ezingenanto kumonakalo obangelwa kukungqubana, ukungena kwenkunkuma, kunye nokufuma.
Iindandatho zentsimbi ezizincamayo (Ungazikhethela):Kwimibhobho yokufaka imibhobho efuna ukhuseleko oluphuculweyo ngexesha lokuqhuba imibhobho, imibhobho yentsimbi eyomeleleyo (ngokuvamile ububanzi obuyi-50-100mm, ubukhulu obuyi-6-12mm) idityaniswa kwisiphelo sokuqhuba sombhobho ngamnye. Ezi rings zifunxa impembelelo yesando sokuqhuba kwaye zikhusela isiphelo sombhobho ekuguquguqukeni.
Ukugquma kunye nokugquma:Kwiiodolo zokuthumela ngaphandle ezikumgangatho ophezulu, izinto zokugquma ezifana neeringi zefoam, imicu yerabha, okanye i-dunnage yomthi zisetyenziswa phakathi kweengqimba zemibhobho ukuthintela ukurhawuzelelwa, umonakalo wengubo, kunye nomonakalo obangelwa kukuphathwa nokuthuthwa.
Iindawo zokuphakamisa:Iingxowa zokuphakamisa okanye iindawo zokuphakamisa ezikhethiweyo zingongezwa kwiipayipi ezinzima (ngaphezulu kwe-2,000 kg ngombhobho ngamnye) ukuze kube lula ukuthulula impahla kwindawo ekhutshelwa kuyo kusetyenziswa i-crane okanye i-forklift.
Ukuhambisa ngenqanawe:
Indlela Yothutho:Iipayipi zithunyelwa ngeenqanawa zesikhongozeli (izikhongozeli ezingama-20ft okanye ezingama-40ft kwiidayimitha ezincinci), iithwali ezinkulu (ziqhekeza inqwaba kwiidayimitha ezinkulu kunye needayimitha ezinkulu), okanye imithwalo kaloliwe, kuxhomekeke kwindawo oya kuyo, ubungakanani beodolo, kunye nokungxamiseka kokuhanjiswa. Iinqanawa zemithwalo yeprojekthi zingasetyenziselwa iipayipi ezinkulu kakhulu okanye ezinde kakhulu.
Ukufakwa kwiikhonteyina (Ububanzi obuncinci):Kwimibhobho emincinci enobubanzi (ngesiqhelo ingaphantsi kwe-508mm / 20"), imibhobho ifakwa kwiikhonteyina zokuhambisa eziqhelekileyo ezingama-20ft okanye ezingama-40ft ukuqinisekisa ukuba izithuthi zikhuselekile kwaye zihlelekile. Ukulayisha kwikhonteyina kukhusela imithwalo kwiimeko zemozulu, ukufuma, kunye nezinto ezingcolisayo zangaphandle. Umthwalo ophezulu kwikhonteyina uhlala kwiitoni ezingama-20-25 kwikhonteyina nganye engama-20ft.
Ukulayisha iinqanawa ezinkulu (Ububanzi obukhulu kunye nomthamo omkhulu):Kwiiodolo ezinkulu (ngesiqhelo ngaphezulu kweetoni ezingama-500) okanye iipayipi ezinkulu ezinobubanzi obungaphezulu kwe-508mm / 20"), iipayipi zilayishwa ngqo kwiinqwelo ezinkulu okanye kwiinqanawa ezifakelwe iigiya. Iibhari zokuphakamisa kunye neebhari zokusasaza zithintela umonakalo ngexesha lokulayisha. Ukufaka inkunkuma, ukubethelela, kunye nokubopha iitsheyini kusetyenziswa ukuthintela ukufuduka kwempahla ngexesha lokuhamba elwandle. Le ndlela yeyona ingabizi kakhulu kwiiprojekthi zokufaka imithwalo enzima elwandle.
Izikhongozeli zeRakhi eSicaba okanye eziVulekileyo eziphezulu (ezinobude obungaphezulu/ezinobude obungaphezulu):Kwimibhobho edlula ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo besikhongozeli (ubude >12m okanye ububanzi >2.3m), izikhongozeli zerack ezisicaba okanye izikhongozeli eziphezulu ezivulekileyo zingasetyenziselwa ukukhupha ubungakanani obukhulu. Ezi zikhongozeli ezikhethekileyo zivumela ukuthuthwa ngokukhuselekileyo kwemithwalo emikhulu.
Ukubhala iilebheli kunye noxwebhu:Iphakheji nganye okanye umbhobho ngamnye ubhalwe ngokucacileyo ngolwazi olubalulekileyo oluquka umgangatho wezinto, umgangatho, ubukhulu, inombolo yobushushu, inombolo yephakheji/umbhobho, kunye nemiyalelo yokuphatha. Amaxwebhu apheleleyo okuhambisa alungiselelwe ukususwa kwempahla kunye nokulandelwa kwemithwalo.
Ukuthobela iMithetho yezeMali:Kwimpahla ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, onke amaxwebhu ayimfuneko erhafu---kuquka i-invoyisi yorhwebo, uluhlu lokupakisha, i-bill of lading, iSatifikethi seMvelaphi (ukuba iyafuneka), iZatifikethi zoVavanyo lweMill, kunye nazo naziphi na iimvume zokungenisa ezifunekayo---zilungiselelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba impahla ingena kakuhle kwizibuko eliya kulo.
Ukubopha Okukhuselekileyo:Ngaphakathi kwisithuthi sokuthutha okanye kwisikhongozeli, iipayiphu kunye neepayiphu nganye nganye zibotshelelwe kwaye ziqiniswe ngokukhuselekileyo kusetyenziswa intambo yentsimbi (enezikhuseli zeekona), iingxowa ze-dunnage, i-bracing yamaplanga, okanye i-chain lashings ukuthintela ukushukuma, ukuqengqeleka, okanye intshukumo enokubangela umonakalo ngexesha lokuhamba.
Ukulandelela kunye nokuBeka esweni:Iinkqubo zokulandelela izinto eziphambili zisetyenziselwa ukujonga imeko yokuthunyelwa kunye nokubonelela ngohlaziyo lwendawo ngexesha langempela kubathengi. Iinombolo zokulandelela iikhonteyina zibonelelwa kuzo zonke iikhonteyina ezithunyelwayo. Ukulandelela iinqanawa kuyafumaneka ukuze kuthunyelwe ngobuninzi.
I-inshurensi:Ngokuxhomekeke kwixabiso le-odolo kunye neemfuno zabathengi, i-inshurensi yempahla yaselwandle (Yonke Ingozi okanye i-Avareji yokhuseleko) ingalungiselelwa ukugubungela ilahleko okanye umonakalo onokubakho ngexesha lokuhamba. Kwiiprojekthi zokufaka iipali zaselwandle ezinexabiso eliphezulu, i-inshurensi eyongezelelweyo yokulungisa nokufaka ingacetyiswa.
Ucwangciso lokuLinda iZinto eziNzima:Kwimibhobho enzima kakhulu (ngaphezulu kwe-5,000 kg ngombhobho ngamnye), kucetyiswa ukulungelelaniswa kwangaphambili nezibuko lendawo ekuyiwa kuyo kwizixhobo zokuphatha izinto ezisindayo (iikhreyini ezinomthamo owaneleyo, iibhari zokusasaza ezikhethekileyo). I-Womic Steel inika iinkcukacha ezineenkcukacha zemithwalo kuquka ubunzima bombhobho ngamnye kunye nobukhulu bocwangciso lweprojekthi.
Ngamafutshane, iWomic Steel iqinisekisa ukuba zonke iipayipu zentsimbi ze-ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW zipakishwe ngamanyathelo okukhusela aphambili kushishino kwaye zithunyelwa kusetyenziswa iindlela zothutho ezithembekileyo ukuze zifike kwindawo eziya kuyo zikwimeko efanelekileyo. Iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokupakisha nokuthumela zibalulekile ekugcineni ukuthembeka kunye nomgangatho weemveliso ezihanjiswayo, ingakumbi kwiiprojekthi ezibalulekileyo zesiseko solwandle.
10. Iingenelo zeWomic Steel kunye neFAQ - Inqwaba yeMbhobho yeNsimbi ye-ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW
Kutheni kufuneka usebenzisane neWomic Steel kwi-ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW Piling Pipe?
Uluhlu olupheleleyo lobungakanani:Inkqubo ye-SSAW egubungela i-508mm ukuya kwi-3,000mm OD, ubukhulu bodonga bufikelela kwi-25.4mm, ubude bufikelela kwi-60m kwiiprojekthi zesiseko esinzulu kunye neepali zolwandle.
Ukugxila kwiMarine nakwi-Offshore:Amava akhethekileyo kwizicelo zokufaka iipali zaselwandle naphesheya kolwandle kuquka ukwakhiwa kwamazibuko, amaqonga aphesheya kolwandle, iziseko zeebhulorho, kunye neeprojekthi zokukhusela unxweme. Ukuqonda iimfuno zokukhusela ukugqwala kolwandle kunye noxinzelelo lokuqhuba.
Iindandatho zentsimbi ezizincamayo:Ukuwelda ngaphakathi kwendlu kwezangqa zentsimbi eziziincasa ukuya kwiziphelo zokuqhuba iipayipi ukuze kukhuselwe ngakumbi ngexesha lokusebenza kweenqwaba, kuncitshiswe ukuguquguquka kweephelo zeepayipi kunye nokulibaziseka kokufakwa kwazo.
Iinkonzo ezongeziweyo ngexabiso:Ukugquma kwesiphelo (30°-35°), ukusika isiphelo esicacileyo, ugquma olukhuselayo (FBE, 3LPE, Coal Tar Epoxy, Galvanizing), kunye nokusonga okuchasene nokugqwala kuyafumaneka ngaphakathi okanye ngezibonelelo ezifanelekileyo zamaqabane.
Ubude obude:Ubude obude obufikelela kwi-60m kwiprojekthi zesiseko esinzulu, nto leyo enciphisa iimfuno zokudibanisa intsimi kunye nexesha lokufakela. Ubude obulungiselelweyo bufumaneka ngaphandle kweendleko ezongezelelweyo kwiindidi ezisemgangathweni.
Ukhuphiswano lwezothutho:Intsebenziswano enobuchule kunye nabathuthi bempahla kwihlabathi liphela kunye neengcali zemithwalo yeprojekthi iqinisekisa ukulayisha okungcono (isikhongozeli, iqhekeza elikhulu, okanye inqanawa yeprojekthi) kunye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwihlabathi liphela okungabizi kakhulu kwiipayipi ezinkulu nezinkulu.
Amaxwebhu apheleleyo:Izatifikethi zoVavanyo oluGcweleyo lweMill (EN 10204 Uhlobo 2.2, 3.1, okanye 3.2), iingxelo ze-NDT (UT, RT), iingxelo ezinomlinganiselo, kunye namaxwebhu okulandelelwa anikezelwa kuyo yonke imithwalo ethunyelweyo. Uhlolo lomntu wesithathu (SGS, BV, TÜV, LR, DNV) luqhutywa xa luceliwe.
Khetha iWomic Steel Group njengeqabane lakho elithembekileyo kwiipayipu zentsimbi ze-ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwiiprojekthi zaselwandle, zaselwandle, kunye nezesiseko esinzulu kwihlabathi liphela. Wamkelekile ukubuza!
Iwebhusayithi: www.womicsteel.com
I-imeyile: sales@womicsteel.com
Ucingo/WhatsApp/WeChat:
UVictor: +86-15575100681
UJack: +86-18390957568
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo) - Inqwaba Yemibhobho Yentsimbi ye-ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW
Q: Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-SSAW kunye ne-LSAW kwipayipi yokufaka iipayipu?
A: I-SSAW (Spiral Submerged Arc Welded) isebenzisa inkqubo yokudibanisa ejikelezayo, efanelekileyo kwiidayamitha ezinkulu (508mm-3,000mm) kwaye incinci ukuya kwiindonga eziphakathi. I-LSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welded) isebenzisa i-straight seam weld, engcono kwiidayamitha ezincinci (508mm-1,500mm) kunye neendonga ezityebileyo (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50.8mm). I-SSAW ngokubanzi ixabisa kancinci kwii-pilling ezinkulu kakhulu, ngelixa i-LSAW inikezela ngokuqina okungcono kwe-weld seam kwii-pillings zodonga olutyebileyo.
Q: Yintoni indandatho yentsimbi yomnikelo kwaye kufuneka isetyenziswe nini?
A: Indandatho yentsimbi yomnikelo yinxalenye emfutshane yentsimbi (ngokuvamile ububanzi obuyi-50-100mm, ubukhulu obuyi-6-12mm, umbhobho ohambelanayo OD) edityaniswe kwisiphelo sokuqhuba sombhobho wokufaka inqwaba. Ifunxa amandla okubetha avela kwisando sokuqhuba inqwaba, ikhusela isiphelo sombhobho ekuguqukeni, ekuqhekekeni, okanye ekuqhekekeni. Iindandatho zomnikelo ziyacetyiswa kwiimeko zokuqhuba nzima (isanti exineneyo, igrabile, iziseko zamatye), iihammer zokuqhuba inqwaba enzima, iipayipi ezibhityileyo, iiprojekthi ezibalulekileyo apho umonakalo wesiphelo sombhobho unokubangela ukulibaziseka kweshedyuli, kunye neepayipi ezifuna ukuqina kwamanzi emva kokuqhuba.
Q: Zeziphi iindlela zobude ezikhoyo kwipayipi yokufaka iipayiphu ze-ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW?
A: Ubude obuqhelekileyo yi-6m, 12m, kunye ne-18m. Kwiiprojekthi zesiseko esinzulu kunye nezolwandle, sinikezela ngobude obuqhelekileyo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-60m (iinyawo ezingama-200) ngokuxhomekeke kububanzi kunye nobukhulu bodonga. Ubude obude kakhulu bubonelela ngeenzuzo ezibalulekileyo: inani elinciphileyo lee-slices zasentsimini (ixabiso eliphantsi lokufakela, ishedyuli ekhawulezayo), ukuqhubeka okuphuculweyo kwesakhiwo, kunye nomngcipheko onciphisiweyo weziphene ze-weld. Nangona kunjalo, ubude obude bufuna ukuthuthwa okukhethekileyo (izikhongozeli ze-flat rack, iinqanawa ezinkulu, okanye imithwalo yeprojekthi) kwaye zinokuba neendleko eziphezulu zothutho.
Q: Zeziphi iindlela zokugquma ezikhoyo zombhobho wokufaka iindonga zaselwandle ukukhusela ukugqwala kwamanzi olwandle?
A: Sinikezela ngeendlela ezininzi zokugquma ezichasene nokugqwala kwiindawo zaselwandle: i-FBE (Fusion Bonded Epoxy) umaleko omnye okanye emibini, i-3LPE/3LPP (i-Three Layer Polyethylene/Polypropylene), i-Coal Tar Epoxy, i-Hot Dip Galvanizing, i-Liquid Epoxy, kunye ne-Concrete Weight Coating (CWC). Kwiinkqubo ezininzi zokufaka iipilingi zaselwandle, i-3LPE okanye i-FBE coating edityaniswe nokukhuselwa kwe-cathodic yimigangatho yeshishini.
Q: Ngaba ungabonelela ngepayipi yokulinganisa izinto ezifunekayo ukuze uhlolwe ngumntu wesithathu (SGS, BV, TÜV, DNV, LR)?
A: Ewe. Siyamkela kwaye siququzelela uhlolo lwe-DNV, BV, SGS, TÜV, ABS, LR, okanye nawuphi na ummeli otyunjwe ngumthengi ngexesha lemveliso nangaphambi kokuthunyelwa. 3.2 Izatifikethi zokuhlolwa eziqinisekiswe ziinkampani zangaphandle ezigunyazisiweyo zinikezelwa rhoqo xa ziceliwe.
Q: Loluphi uvavanyo olungatshabalalisiyo (NDT) olubonelelwayo kwipayipi yokufaka i-ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW?
A: I-NDT esemgangathweni ibandakanya uvavanyo lwe-Ultrasonic oluyi-100% (UT) lomzimba womthungo kunye nowepayipi, kunye novavanyo lwe-Radiographic Testing (RT). I-MPI, uvavanyo lwe-Hydrostatic, kunye ne-UT eyongezelelweyo ziyafumaneka xa ziceliwe. Kwizicelo ezibalulekileyo zaselwandle, sicebisa i-100% RT okanye i-UT epheleleyo.
Q: Lingakanani ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokuqalisa umbhobho wokufaka iipayipi ze-ASTM A252 GR.3 SSAW?
A: Amaxesha aqhelekileyo okukhokela amalunga neentsuku ezingama-30-45 zemveliso ye-SSAW, kuxhomekeke kubungakanani beodolo, ububanzi, ubukhulu bodonga, kunye neemfuno zovavanyo. Ii-oda ezikhawulezayo (iintsuku ezingama-20-30) zinokufumaneka ngobuninzi obuncinci. Kwiiprojekthi ezifuna ukuhlolwa ngumntu wesithathu, yongeza iintsuku ezi-5-10. Kwi-coating (FBE, 3LPE, njl.njl.), yongeza iintsuku ezili-10-20.
Q: Ngawaphi amaxwebhu anikezelwayo ngokuthunyelwa ngakunye?
A: Ukuthunyelwa ngakunye kuquka iSatifikethi soVavanyo lweMill (EN 10204 Uhlobo 3.1), Ingxelo yoHlolo oluDimensional, iiNgxelo ze-UT, iiNgxelo ze-RT (ukuba zichaziwe), uXwebhu lokuLandelelwa, uLuhlu lokuPakisha, i-invoyisi yoRhwebo, kunye neSatifikethi sokuQala. Kwimigangatho ye-EN, isibhengezo sokumakisha i-CE kunye neSibhengezo sokuSebenza (i-DoP) zinokubonelelwa.
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