1 Zithini iiBoiler Tubes?

Iityhubhu zebhoyila ziityhubhu zentsimbi ezingenamthungo ezenzelwephatha umphunga oshushu kunye namanzi ashushu ashushu kwiinkqubo zebhoyilaEzi tyhubhu kufuneka zimelane:

l Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu

l Uxinzelelo oluphezulu

l Ukwandiswa kobushushu

l I-oxidation kunye nokugqwala

Izicelo eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

l Iityhubhu zodonga lwamanzi

l Iityhubhu zeSuperheater

iityhubhu ze-l Economizer

l Imibhobho yomphunga

Ngenxa yeemeko ezinzima zokusebenza,iityhubhu zebhoyila ezingenamthungo zithandwa kakhulu kuneetyhubhu ezidityanisiweyongenxa yokuqina kwazo okuphezulu kunye nokuqina kwesakhiwo.

Imigangatho emi-2 yeThubhu yeBoiler eqhelekileyo

Imigangatho eliqela yamazwe ngamazwe ichaza iinkcukacha zeetyhubhu zebhoyila ezisetyenziswa kwizicelo zoshishino.

Umgangatho	Uhlobo lweThubhu	Isicelo esiqhelekileyo
I-ASTM A192	Ityhubhu yebhoyila yentsimbi yekhabhoni	Iibhoyila ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu
I-ASTM A210	Ityhubhu yentsimbi yekhabhoni ephakathi	Iityhubhu zebhoyila kunye ne-superheater
I-ASTM A335	Umbhobho wentsimbi ye-alloy	Iibhoyila ezinobushushu obuphezulu
EN10216-2	Iityhubhu zoxinzelelo	Iinkqubo zebhoyila zaseYurophu
I-ASTM A213	I-alloy / ityhubhu engenasici	Izitshintshi zobushushu kunye nezifudumezi-shushu

Phakathi kwezi,I-ASTM A192, i-ASTM A210, kunye ne-ASTM A335zezona migangatho zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiibhoyila zezityalo zamandla.

I-Womic Steel yenza iityhubhu zebhoyila ezingenamthungo ngokwemigangatho yonke yamazwe ngamazwe, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kwiindawo zoshishino ezifuna amandla.

Iityhubhu zeBoiler ze-ASTM A192 ezi-3

I-ASTM A192 yenye yezona zisetyenziswa kakhuluimigangatho yetyhubhu yebhoyila yentsimbi yekhabhoningenkonzo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu.

Ezi tyhubhu zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiiibhoyila zemizi-mveliso, iibhoyila zezityalo zamandla, kunye nezitshintshi zobushushu.

Ezona mpawu

l ukwakheka kwentsimbi yekhabhoni ephantsi

l Ukusebenza kakuhle kokudluliselwa kobushushu

l Ifanelekile kwinkonzo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu

l Ukwenziwa kakuhle kakhulu

Ulwakhiwo oluqhelekileyo lweeKhemikhali

I-elementi	Umxholo (%)
Ikhabhoni	≤0.18
IManganese	0.27 – 0.63
I-phosphorus	≤0.035
Isalfure	≤0.035
I-silicon	≤0.25

Izicelo eziqhelekileyo

l Iityhubhu zebhoyila zezimboni

l Iibhoyila zesityalo samandla

Iinkqubo zokuvelisa umphunga

l Abatshintshi bobushushu

I-Womic Steel ivelisa iityhubhu zebhoyila ezingenamthungo ze-ASTM A192 ezinokunyamezelana okuchanekileyo kunye nokuhlolwa komgangatho okungqongqo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kwiinkqubo ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu.

Iityhubhu zeBoiler ze-ASTM A210 ezi-4

I-ASTM A210 yenzelweiityhubhu zebhoyila zentsimbi yekhabhoni ephakathi kunye neetyhubhu ze-superheater.

Xa kuthelekiswa ne-ASTM A192, izibonelelo ze-ASTM A210amandla aphezulu kunye nokusebenza okungcono kobushushu obuphezulu.

Amanqanaba e-ASTM A210

Ibanga	Isicelo
Ibanga A1	Iibhoyila zoxinzelelo oluphakathi
Ibanga C	Iityhubhu ze-superheater zobushushu obuphezulu

Izicelo eziqhelekileyo

l Iityhubhu ze-superheater zeBoiler

l Imibhobho yomphunga

l Iityhubhu zokutshintsha ubushushu

l Iibhoyila zemizi-mveliso

Ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu,Iityhubhu ze-ASTM A210 zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo zebhoyila ezinobushushu obuphakathi.

I-Womic Steel yenza iityhubhu ezingenamthungo ze-ASTM A210 zisebenzisa iinkqubo eziphambili zokuzoba nokubanda kunye nonyango lobushushu, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iipropati zoomatshini zihlala zifana.

Iipayipi zeBoiler zeNsimbi ze-ASTM A335 ze-Alloy ezi-5

Kwiinkqubo zezityalo zamandla ezishushu kakhulu,imibhobho yentsimbi ye-alloy echazwe yi-ASTM A335zisetyenziswa rhoqo.

Le mibhobho ibonelelaukumelana okuhle kakhulu kokuqhekeka kunye nokumelana ne-oxidationkumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.

Amabanga aqhelekileyo e-ASTM A335

Ibanga	Uhlobo lwe-alloy	Isicelo
P11	Intsimbi ye-Cr-Mo alloy	Iibhoyila zobushushu obuphakathi
P22	Intsimbi ye-Cr-Mo alloy	Iibhoyila ezinobushushu obuphezulu
I-P91	Intsimbi ye-alloy ephucukileyo	Izityalo zamandla ezibaluleke kakhulu
I-P92	I-alloy yokumelana nokuqhekeka okuphezulu	Izityalo zamandla eziphambili

6 Ukuthelekiswa kweeP11, P22, kunye neeP91 Alloy Steel Pipes

Ipropati	P11	P22	I-P91
Izinto ze-Alloy	I-Cr-Mo	I-Cr-Mo	I-Cr-Mo-V-Nb
Ukumelana nobushushu	Phakathi	Phezulu	Phezulu kakhulu
Ukumelana nokuqhekeka	Iphakathi	Kulungile	Igqwesile
Isicelo esiqhelekileyo	Iibhoyila zemizi-mveliso	Izityalo zombane	Iibhoyila ezibaluleke kakhulu

P11

Isetyenziswa kwiimibhobho yomphunga enobushushu obuphakathi kunye neebhoyila zemizi-mveliso.

P22

Ibonelela ngokuphuculwaamandla obushushu obuphezulu, esetyenziswa rhoqo kwiiinkqubo ze-superheater yesityalo samandla.

I-P91

Yanamhlanjeintsimbi ye-alloy esebenza kakhuluisetyenziswa kwiizityalo zamandla ezibaluleke kakhulu, ekwaziyo ukusebenza kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu kunye noxinzelelo.

I-Womic Steel yenza imibhobho engenamthungo ye-ASTM A335 P11, P22, kunye ne-P91 enonyango lobushushu oluphambili kunye nolawulo oluqinileyo lwesinyithi, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kwiinkqubo zebhoyila ezinobushushu obuphezulu.

Inkqubo yokuVelisa iThubhu yeBoiler engenamthungo ezi-7

Iityhubhu zebhoyila ezikumgangatho ophezulu zifuna ubuchwepheshe obuphambili bokuvelisa.

Amanyathelo aqhelekileyo okuvelisa aquka:

lUkukhethwa kweBillet yeNsimbi
Iibhilethi ezikumgangatho ophezulu zikhethwa ukuze kwenziwe iityhubhu.

lUkubhoboza Okushushu Nokuqengqeleka
Yenza iityhubhu ezingenamthungo ezingenamthungo.

lInkqubo Yokudweba Ngobandayo
Iphucula ukuchaneka kobukhulu kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu.

lUnyango lobushushu
Ukulungisa, ukupholisa, okanye ukuqhoboshela kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lezinto.

Ukuhlolwa noVavanyo

Uvavanyo lomgangatho luquka:

Uvavanyo lwe-Ultrasonic

Uvavanyo lwe-Hydrostatic

Uvavanyo lwangoku lwe-l Eddy

Uhlalutyo lokwakheka kweekhemikhali

Uvavanyo lwepropathi yoomatshini

I-Womic Steel isebenzisa imigca yemveliso yanamhlanje kunye neenkqubo zokuhlola ezingqongqo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke ityhubhu yebhoyila iyahlangabezana nemigangatho yomgangatho wamazwe ngamazwe.

Ukuchaneka kwemilinganiselo esi-8 kunye nokuchaneka kwetyhubhu

Kwiityhubhu zebhoyila,ukuchaneka kobukhulu kubalulekileukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo kunye nokufakelwa okufanelekileyo.

Ipharamitha	Ulawulo oluqhelekileyo
Ukunyamezelana kwe-OD	±0.05 – ±0.10 mm
Ubukhulu bodonga	± 7.5%
Ukuthe tye	≤1/1000
Ukuqanda	≤50% yokunyamezelana kwe-OD

Iityhubhu zokuchaneka ezitsalwe ngokubandayo zibonelelaulawulo oluhle kakhulu lobukhulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zifaneleke kwiinkqubo zebhoyila ezisebenza kakuhle.

9 Ukukhetha Izinto Ezifanelekileyo Zetyhubhu Yebhoyila

Xa bekhetha izinto zetyhubhu yebhoyila, iinjineli kufuneka ziqwalasele oku kulandelayo:

l Ubushushu bokusebenza

l Uxinzelelo lwenkqubo

l Indawo yokugqwala

l Iimfuno zokudlulisa ubushushu

Ixabiso kunye nokufumaneka

Izikhokelo eziqhelekileyo zokukhetha ziquka:

lI-ASTM A192kwiibhoyila ezisemgangathweni ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu

lI-ASTM A210kwiityhubhu ze-superheater

lI-ASTM A335 P11/P22kwiipayipi ezinobushushu obuphezulu

lI-ASTM A335 P91kwizityalo zamandla ezibaluleke kakhulu

Umenzi weetyhubhu zebhoyila othembekileyo unokubonelelainkxaso yobugcisa yokukhetha izinto kunye noyilo lweprojekthi.