Ukukhethwa kwezinto zeNkqubo zoMbhobho wamanzi olwandle oluselunxwemeni: Uhlolo olupheleleyo

01 Iplastiki Eqinisiweyo Yeglasi (GRP) / I-Glass Fiber Polymer Eqinisiweyo (GFRP)

Iingenelo

Imibhobho ye-GRP kunye ne-GFRP ifumene ukutsalwa okukhulu kwiinkqubo zamanzi olwandle angaphandle kolwandle ngenxa yokudibanisa kwazo iipropati ezikhethekileyo.

Ukumelana Nokugqwala Okuqhelekileyo:Njengezinto ezingezizo ezesinyithi, imibhobho ye-GRP ayimelani nokugqwala kwamanzi olwandle. Iyakwazi ukumelana ne-asidi, i-alkali, ityuwa, amanzi olwandle, indle enganyangwanga, umhlaba ogqwalayo, amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba, kunye nolwelo oluninzi lweekhemikhali ngaphandle kokuwohloka. Oku kuphelisa imfuneko yeengubo zokukhusela ukugqwala kunye neenkqubo zokukhusela i-cathodic ezifunekayo kwintsimbi yekhabhoni.

Ubunzima obuKhanyayo:Ngobunzima obuthile obumalunga ne-1.8-1.9 g/cm³, iipayipi ze-GRP zinobunzima obumalunga nekota yobunzima beepayipi zentsimbi (7.8 g/cm³). Oku kunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zothutho, kufuna izixhobo zokuphakamisa ezilula, kwaye kwenza kube lula ukufakela. Ukunciphisa ubunzima kubaluleke kakhulu kwiiplatifomu zaselwandle apho ubunzima obuphezulu bungumqobo obalulekileyo kuyilo.

Umphezulu Wangaphakathi Ogudileyo:Imibhobho ye-GRP inomphezulu wangaphakathi ogudileyo kakhulu one-roughness coefficient engaphantsi kwe-0.0087, xa kuthelekiswa ne-0.012 yentsimbi kunye ne-0.013 yentsimbi ephoswe ngentsimbi. Oku kuphumela kwiimpawu zokuhamba kwe-hydraulic eziphezulu, ukulahleka okuncinci kokungqubana, kunye nokunciphisa iimfuno zamandla okupompa. Izifundo zibonise ukuba imibhobho ye-GRP igcina umphezulu wayo wangaphakathi ogudileyo nangona emva kweminyaka engama-20 yokusebenza.

Ukuchasana nokungcoliswa kolwandle:Iifomyula ezikhethekileyo ze-GRP ezinee-inner liners "ezifana neengqaqa" (ubude obuyi-2-2.5mm) zinokubonelela ngeempawu ze-antibacterial ezizikhusela ngokwazo ezithintela ukukhula kwe-algae kunye ne-barnacles. Iipayipi zesamente eziqhelekileyo kunye neepayipi ze-GRP eziqhelekileyo zihlala ziqala ukukhula kwezinto eziphilayo zaselwandle emva kweenyanga ezi-3 zokuvezwa kwamanzi olwandle kwisantya sokuhamba kwamanzi esingaphantsi kwe-2.0 m/s.

Ubomi beNkonzo ende:Iipayipi ze-GRP zibonelela ngobomi benkonzo yoyilo lweminyaka engama-50 nangaphezulu kwiindlela ezisetyenziswa phantsi komhlaba. Kwiinkqubo zamanzi olwandle, i-GRP eyenziwe kakuhle inokufikelela kwiminyaka engama-70 yobomi benkonzo.

Ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko:Iindleko zezinto ze-GRP ziphantsi kakhulu kunee-alloy ze-copper-nickel. Kwi-L3 fire-rated GRP, ixabiso ngemitha limalunga ne-1/10 leepayipi ze-copper alloy ezilinganayo. Kwii-JF fire-rated grades, ixabiso limalunga ne-1/2 ukuya kwi-1/3 yee-alloy ze-copper-nickel.

Imida kunye nemingeni

Amandla Oomatshini Asezantsi:Njengezinto ezingezizo ezesinyithi, iipayipi ze-GRP azinawo amandla okumelana neempembelelo kwaye zisengozini yokonakala ngenxa yempembelelo ebonakalayo, ukuwa, okanye ukuphathwa ngendlela engafanelekanga. Oku kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwiindawo ezichaphazeleka ngamaza, izinto eziwisiweyo, okanye imithwalo ephezulu yoomatshini.

Izihlanganisi ezincamathelayo ezingenamandla e-NDT:Iipayipi ze-GRP zihlala zidityaniswa kusetyenziswa i-glue bonding (i-adhesive okanye isamente). Umgangatho we-joint uxhomekeke kakhulu kwizakhono zomfaki kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo. Nje ukuba zinyangwe, ii-glue joints azinakuhlolwa ngeendlela zovavanyo ezingonakalisiyo ezifana ne-radiography okanye uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound, nto leyo eyenza ukuqinisekiswa komgangatho kube nzima.

Ukumelana noMlilo Okulinganiselweyo:I-GRP esemgangathweni ayinakuhlangabezana neemfuno eziphezulu zokhuseleko lomlilo. Nangona amanqanaba omlilo e-L3 (iinkqubo zomlilo ezimanzi) kunye namanqanaba omlilo e-Jet (iinkqubo zomlilo ezomileyo) ekho ngokwe-IMO A753, i-GRP ayinakuhlangabezana neemfuno zovavanyo lomlilo lwe-L1. Oku kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwiinkqubo zokhuseleko lomlilo ezibalulekileyo.

Ubunzima bokufakelwa:Iipayipi ze-GRP zifuna ukuphathwa ngononophelo ngexesha lokugcina nokufakela. Iimfuneko zokugcina ziquka: ukuphakama kwee-stacking okulinganiselwe kwi-≤2.0m, ukhuseleko ekuvezweni yi-UV, ukuphepha izinto ezibukhali, kunye nolawulo oluqinileyo lobushushu kunye nokufuma. Ukuphathwa ngendlela engafanelekanga kunokubangela umonakalo ofihlakeleyo osenokungabonakali ngexesha lokuhlolwa.

Uluhlu lweSicelo esiNcinci:Iipayipi ezingezizo ezesinyithi zihlala zikhawulelwe kwiinkonzo ezinoxinzelelo oluphantsi nakwiindawo ezithile apho kukho ukhuseleko olungenamsebenzi. Kwiiplatifomu zaselunxwemeni, izinto ezingezizo ezesinyithi zihlala zithintelwa kwiidekhi ezisezantsi apho zinokuchaphazeleka khona ngamaza eenkanyamba okanye izinto eziwisiweyo.

02 Ipayipi yentsimbi yekhabhoni egqunywe nge-coated

Iingenelo

Ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko:Intsimbi yekhabhoni egqunywe ngokupheleleyo nangendlela efanelekileyo yeyona ndlela ingabizi kakhulu yokucoca imibhobho yamanzi olwandle xa ukhuseleko lokugqwala lunokufezekiswa ngokuthembekileyo.

Amandla aphezulu oomatshini:Intsimbi yekhabhoni inika amandla abalaseleyo oomatshini, ukumelana neempembelelo, kunye nokukwazi ukuthwala uxinzelelo.

Iindlela zokuQhelana nezoSetyenziswayo:Intsimbi yekhabhoni egqunywe ngeplastiki yinto eqondwa kakuhle eneenkqubo zokwenziwa, ukuwelda, kunye nokufakelwa ezisemgangathweni.

Imida kunye neenkxalabo zokuthembeka

Ukuxhomekeka koMgangatho wokuGcoba:Ukuthembeka kwentsimbi yekhabhoni egqunyiweyo kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kumgangatho wokusetyenziswa kwengubo. Umgangatho ophantsi wengubo unokukhokelela ekungaphumelelini okukhulu.

Iingxaki zokuGcoba i-Epoxy:Ukwambatha kwe-epoxy yangaphakathi okungafanelekanga kunokubangela ukuvuza kwemingxuma, okuveza i-substrate yentsimbi yekhabhoni emanzini olwandle kwaye kukhawulezise ukugqwala kwendawo. Nemingxuma emincinci yemingxuma inokugqwala okuxineneyo, okukhokelela ekugqobhozeni ngokukhawuleza.

Iingxaki Zokugquma NgePolyethylene:Iingubo ze-PE zihlala zinobukhulu obumalunga ne-1mm. Iingubo ze-PE ezikumgangatho ophantsi zinokuqhekeka kwiindawo ezinkulu, zidale iindlela zokugqwala kwaye zikhokelele kumonakalo omkhulu. Ngaphezu koko, iziqwenga zengubo eziqhekekileyo zinokuhamba ziye ezantsi kwaye zibangele ukuvaleka kwiimpompo, izixhobo zokutshintsha ubushushu, kunye nezinye izixhobo ezinobuthathaka.

03 Imibhobho yentsimbi engagqwaliyo

Imfuneko Ebalulekileyo: PREN ≥ 40

Ukuze intsimbi engagqwaliyo imelane ngokuthembekileyo nokugqwala kwamanzi olwandle, iPitting Resistance Equivalent Number (PREN) kufuneka ubuncinane ibe yi-40. I-PREN ibalwa kusetyenziswa le fomyula:

I-PREN = %Cr + 3.3 × %Mo + 16 × %N 

Iialloy ezinexabiso le-PREN elingaphezulu kwama-40 zithathwa njengezifanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa emanzini olwandle. Amaxabiso aphakathi kwama-32 nama-40 anokwanela amanzi amdaka kodwa awanamsebenzi kangako kwinkonzo epheleleyo yamanzi olwandle.

Amanqaku acetyiswayo

I-UNS S31254 (i-6Mo Super Austenitic Stainless Steel):Ikwaziwa ngokuba yi-Alloy 254 okanye i-254 SMO, le yintsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-molybdenum super austenitic ene-PREN ≥ 42.5. Yeyona ntsimbi ingagqwali echazwe kakhulu kwiipayipi zamanzi olwandle ngenxa yokudibanisa kwayo okuhle kakhulu ukumelana nokugqwala, amandla, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko.

Iimpawu eziphambili ze-UNS S31254:

Ipropati	Ixabiso	Umthombo
I-Chromium (Cr)	19.5-20.5%
I-Molybdenum (Mo)	6.0-7.0%
I-nitrogen (N)	0.18-0.25%
I-Nickel (Ni)	17.5-18.5%
I-Copper (Cu)	0.50-1.00%
Amandla Okuvelisa (umzuzu)	I-310 MPa
Amandla okuThamba (umzuzu)	I-650 MPa
UKUPHELELWA	≥ 42.5
Ubushushu obubalulekileyo bokuphosa i-pitting (CPT)	≥ 60°C
Uluhlu lobushushu benkonzo	-196°C ukuya kwi-300°C

I-UNS S32750 / S32760 (Intsimbi Engagqwaliyo Enkulu Ephindwe Kabini):Ezi ntsimbi zingenasici zimbini zibonelela ngokumelana nokugqwala kwamanzi olwandle okugqwesileyo ngamandla aphezulu kunee-austenitic grades. Nangona kunjalo, zifuna ulawulo olucokisekileyo lwenkqubo yokuwelda ukuze kuthintelwe ukuna kwezigaba eziyingozi ze-intermetallic. Zombini ezi zigaba zinokufikelela kumaxabiso e-PREN angaphezu kwama-40.

Umda obalulekileyo: Umgangatho weWeld

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwimibhobho yamanzi olwandle yentsimbi engagqwaliyo yileumgangatho wokuweldaIntsimbi engagqwaliyo efakwe kwisisombululo inesakhiwo esincinci esiqinisekisa ukumelana nokugqwala kwamanzi olwandle. Nangona kunjalo,isinyithi esinyangiweyo esinganyangwanga ngesisombululo kunye neendawo ezichaphazelekileyo bubushushu (HAZ) zinokuqulatha ii-intermetallic phases eziyingozi okanye i-ferrite egqithisileyo, ziba ziindawo ezikhethwayo zokugqwala kwamanzi olwandle.

Iimfuno eziphambili zokuwelda:

l Ukuthotyelwa ngokungqongqo kweenkcukacha zenkqubo yokuwelda ezivunyiweyo

l Ulawulo lokufaka ubushushu

l Ulawulo lobushushu be-interpass

l Ukusetyenziswa kweentsimbi zokuzalisa ezifanayo okanye ezihambelanayo

l Unyango lwesisombululo emva kokuwelda kwiinkonzo ezibalulekileyo

l Ukukhetha ngononophelo igesi yokukhusela kunye negesi yokucoca

Ukongeza, izakhiwo ezincinci ezahlukeneyo ngaphakathi kwendawo yokuwelda zinokuba nobuchule obahlukeneyo be-electrochemical, nto leyo edala izibini ze-galvanic ezikhawulezisa ukugqwala kwendawo.

04 Imibhobho yesinyithi engeyiyo iFerrous (ii-Copper-Nickel Alloys)

Iingenelo

Ukumelana Kwamanzi Olwandle Okuqhelekileyo:Ii-alloy ze-copper-nickel ziyakwazi ukumelana nokugqwala kwamanzi olwandle ngenxa yokwenziwa kwefilimu yomphezulu okhuselayo. Azixhomekekanga kwiingubo okanye kukhuseleko lwe-cathodic.

Irekhodi Eliqinisekisiweyo:Ii-alloys zeCu-Ni bezisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zamanzi olwandle kangangeminyaka emininzi kwaye zithembekile kakhulu. Ukusebenza kwazo kuqondwa kakuhle kwaye kubhaliwe phantsi.

Ukumelana Okuhle Nokungcoliswa Kwezinto Eziphilayo:Ii-ion zekopolo ezikhutshwa kumphezulu zibonelela ngeempawu zendalo zokulwa ne-biofouling, nto leyo enciphisa ukunamathela kwezinto eziphilayo zaselwandle.

Imida

Ixabiso eliphezulu lezinto eziphathekayo:Ii-alloys ze-copper-nickel zibiza kakhulu. Ixabiso ngemitha nganye limalunga ne-10 le-GRP (kwi-L3 grade) kwaye liphindwe kabini ukuya kathathu kune-JF-grade GRP. Oku kwandisa kakhulu inkcitho yokuqala yenkunzi.

Iindleko eziphezulu zokuWelda kunye nokuFaka:Ii-alloy zeCu-Ni zifuna iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo zokuwelda, abawelda abanobuchule, kunye nokulungiswa okucokisekileyo kwamalungu, nto leyo enyusa iindleko zokwenziwa.

Ubonelelo lweSinyithi oluCwangcisiweyo:I-Copper kunye ne-nickel zidweliswe njengeeminerali ezibalulekileyo kumazwe amaninzi. Ezi minerali ezibalulekileyo ezingama-24 ziquka iiminerali zamandla (ipetroli, igesi yendalo, amalahle, i-uranium), iiminerali zesinyithi (isinyithi, i-chromium,ithusi, i-aluminiyamu, igolide,i-nickel, i-tungsten, i-tin, i-molybdenum, i-antimony, i-cobalt, i-lithium, i-rare earths, i-zirconium), kunye neeminerali ezingezizo zesinyithi (i-phosphorus, ityuwa ye-potassium, i-graphite, i-fluorite). Ukuguquguquka kwamaxabiso ngenxa yemida yekhonkco lobonelelo kunye nezinto zezopolitiko kwenza kube nzima ukuqikelela iindleko.

Iimfuno zoMgangatho wokuWelda:Ukuwelda kwe-Cu-Ni alloy kufuna ulawulo olungqongqo lokufakwa kobushushu, ukukhethwa kwesinyithi esizalisayo, kunye negesi yokukhusela ukugcina ukumelana nokugqwala kwindawo yokuwelda.

05 Imibhobho ye-Titanium Alloy

Iingenelo Ezivelayo

Ukumelana Nokugqwala Okungaqhelekanga:Iialloy zeTitanium zibonelela ngokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu emanzini olwandle, zingcono kuneealloy zealuminium, iintsimbi ezingasebenziyo, kunye neealloy ezisekwe kwi-nickel. Ziyakwazi ukumelana nokuqhekeka kwemingxuma, ukugqwala kwemingxuma, kunye nokuqhekeka kwe-stress corrosion kwiindawo ze-chloride.

Ubunzima obuKhanyayo:Ngobunzima obuthile obumalunga ne-4.5 g/cm³, i-titanium inobunzima obumalunga ne-60% kunentsimbi, nto leyo egcina ubunzima bayo ngelixa igcina amandla ayo aphezulu.

Amandla aphezulu:Iialloy zeTitanium ezifana neTi-6Al-4V zibonelela ngomlinganiselo ogqwesileyo wamandla nobunzima, ezifanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi olwandle anoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nesantya esiphezulu.

Ixabiso Elizinzileyo:Iindleko zeTitanium ziye zahlala zizinzile kwaye zikhuphisana njengoko iTshayina imisele amandla apheleleyo othungelwano lwemizi-mveliso ukusuka ekucutshungulweni kweore ukuya kwiimveliso ezigqityiweyo. Le ndlela yenza ukuba i-titanium ibe nexabiso eliphantsi ngakumbi kwiimveliso zaselwandle.

Izicelo eziQinisekisiweyo:I-Titanium isetyenzisiwe ngempumelelo kwizityalo zokususa ityuwa emanzini olwandle, kwizixhobo zokunyusa ioyile ezikwi-offshore, kwizixhobo zokunciphisa ubushushu, kwizixhobo zokutshintsha ubushushu, kwiimpompo nakwiivalvu.

Ukuchasana Nokukhukuliseka Nokugqwala:I-Titanium inika ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokukhukuliseka nokubola okuvela emanzini olwandle anesantya esiphezulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ifaneleke kwii-impellers zepompo kunye neetyhubhu zokutshintsha ubushushu.

Imingeni yoBugcisa ekufuneka ijongwane nayo

Ukubola kweGalvanic:I-Titanium inamandla aphezulu e-electrochemical. Xa idityaniswe neentsimbi ezingabalulekanga kangako (ezifana ne-carbon steel, i-aluminium, okanye i-copper alloys) emanzini olwandle, inokubangela ukubola kwe-galvanic kwezinto ezingabalulekanga kangako. Uyilo olucokisekileyo olune-insulation okanye i-isolation luyafuneka.

Iimpawu ze-Biofouling:Indlela iTitanium eziphatha ngayo izinto ezibangela ukubola ifuna uphando olongezelelekileyo. Nangona le nto ngokwayo ingakwazi ukumelana nokugqwala, ukunamathela kwezinto eziphilayo zaselwandle kunye nemiphumo yazo kwiimpawu zokudluliselwa kobushushu kunye nokuhamba kwamanzi kufuneka kujongwane nazo ngoyilo kunye neendlela zokusebenza.

Iimfuno zokuWelda:Ukuwelda nge-titanium kufuna ulawulo olungqongqo lwegesi yokukhusela kunye nongcoliseko lomoya. Ungcoliseko lunokukhokelela ekuqhekekeni nasekulahlekelweni kukumelana nokugqwala.

06 Imibhobho yeClad edityanisiweyo kunye neMetallurgical

Izinto ezidityanisiweyo

Iipayipi ezidityanisiweyo (ezidibanisa ii-liners ezingezizo ezesinyithi kunye neengqimba zangaphandle zesinyithi) zibonelela ngokulungelelaniswa phakathi kokumelana nokugqwala kunye namandla oomatshini. Nangona kunjalo, zizisa imingeni enzima yoqhagamshelo engasombululwa lula.

Imibhobho yeMetallurgical Clad (I-Mechanical Clad / Ibotshelelwe kwiMetallurgical)

Imibhobho egqunywe ngesinyithi iqulathe umaleko wangaphandle wentsimbi yekhabhoni (onika amandla oomatshini) kunye nomaleko wangaphakathi we-alloy enganyangekiyo yi-corrosion-resistant alloy (CRA) (obonelela ngokumelana nokugqwala kwamanzi olwandle).

Imingeni ephambili:

Ukunyaniseka koQhagamshelwano lweSebe:Kwimibhobho efakwe amasebe, ukugcina ukuthembeka komaleko we-CRA kufuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo. Iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokuwelda, iiringi zokufaka, kunye nabawelda abafanelekileyo zibalulekile ukuthintela ukugqwala kwiimbhobho ezifakwe amasebe.

Izinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa usebenzisa iRing Joint Flange (RTJ):Kwii-RTJ connections, umaleko we-CRA kufuneka upheliswe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ukhuselwe ukuthintela ukubola kwe-cravice kwindawo yokudibanisa.

Imida yobukhulu:Iipayipi ezigqunywe ngesinyithi okwangoku zifumaneka ikakhulu kwiisayizi ze-NPS 4 (DN100) nangaphezulu. Kwiisayizi ezincinci, ukukhetha izinto kusengumngeni, njengoko imveliso yeepayipi ezigqunywe ngesinyithi ingenakusebenza ngokwezoqoqosho kwiidayamitha ezincinci.

Uyilo lweWeld Bevel:Uyilo lwe-Weld bevel kufuneka luqwalasele ubukhulu be-CRA maleko kunye notshintsho olufanelekileyo phakathi kwe-CRA kunye ne-carbon steel layers.

Ulungelelwaniso lweWeld:Ukungalingani ngexesha lokuwelda kunokunciphisa ubukhulu be-CRA maleko kwijoyinti, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho ukugqwala.

07 Isishwankathelo soKhetho lweZixhobo kunye neeNgcebiso

Izikhokelo zoKhetho

Isicelo	Izinto ezicetyiswayo	Izinto eziphambili ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe
Amanzi olwandle anoxinzelelo oluphantsi (≤1.0 MPa), indawo ekhuselweyo, iinkqubo ezingezizo ezibalulekileyo	I-GRP/GFRP (L3 okanye i-JF ilinganiswe njengoko kufuneka)	Ixabiso layo liphantsi, ayidli mhlwa, kwaye ayilingani nomlilo
Uxinzelelo oluphakathi, iinkqubo zamanzi olwandle ngokubanzi emacaleni aphezulu	I-UNS S31254 (6Mo) okanye iSuper Duplex (UNS S32750)	I-PREN ≥ 40, ukumelana nokugqwala okugqwesileyo, umgangatho we-weld ubalulekile
Iinkqubo zamanzi olwandle anoxinzelelo oluphezulu	I-UNS S31254 ene-welding efanelekileyo	I-PREN ≥ 43, ifuna ulawulo oluqinileyo lokuwelda
Iinkqubo zamanzi omlilo ezifuna umlinganiselo womlilo we-L1	I-Cu-Ni alloy okanye i-Ti alloy	Ukuthembeka okuphezulu, iinkxalabo zesinyithi ezicwangcisiweyo
Iinkonzo zamanzi olwandle ezinesantya esiphezulu okanye ukhukuliseko oluphezulu	I-Ti Alloy (umz., i-Ti-6Al-4V)	Ukumelana okungaqhelekanga nokukhukuliseka komhlwa
Imibhobho yamanzi olwandle enobubanzi obukhulu (≥ NPS 4) enemfuneko ye-CRA	Umbhobho weMetallurgical Clad	Isisombululo se-CRA esingabizi kakhulu kwiimbobo ezinkulu
Imibhobho yamanzi olwandle enobubanzi obuncinci (< NPS 4) efuna i-CRA	I-Solid UNS S31254 okanye i-Ti Alloy	Umbhobho ogqunyiweyo awufumaneki kwiisayizi ezincinci
Iinkqubo zamanzi omlilo ezine-GRP	I-GRP ene-IMO A753 L3 (emanzi) okanye i-Jet Fire (eyomileyo)	I-GRP ayinakukwazi ukuhlangabezana novavanyo lwe-L1

Iimfuno eziphambili zobugcisa ngokwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo

Kwimibhobho ye-GRP:

l Ukubambelela ngokungqongqo kwiinkqubo zokugcina nokufakela zomenzi

l Ukulungiswa nokunyangwa kwelungu elinamathelayo ngokufanelekileyo

Ukhuseleko ekonakaleni komzimba

l Ilinganiselwe kwiinkonzo eziphantsi koxinzelelo kunye neenkonzo ezingezizo ezibalulekileyo

l Ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana novavanyo lomlilo lwe-L1

Kwimibhobho yentsimbi engagqwaliyo:

l PREN ≥ 40 iyafuneka

Sebenzisa i-6Mo super austenitic (UNS S31254) okanye i-super duplex (UNS S32750/32760)

l Ulawulo oluqinileyo lwenkqubo yokuwelda

l Unyango lwesisombululo emva kokuwelda kwiinkonzo ezibalulekileyo

l Ulawulo lokufakwa kobushushu kunye nobushushu obuphakathi

Kwimibhobho yeCu-Ni:

Ukuthembeka okuqinisekisiweyo kodwa ixabiso liphezulu

l Izinto eziqwalaselwayo ngesinyithi esicwangcisiweyo

Kufuneka abasebenzi abanobuchule bokuwelda

Ixabiso malunga ne-10 × GRP

Kwi-Ti Alloy Piping:

l Ukumelana nokugqwala kwamanzi olwandle okungaqhelekanga

Ixabiso liya likhula ngokukhawuleza

Ukhuseleko lokugqwala kweGalvanic luyimfuneko

l Inkqubo efanelekileyo yokuwelda ibalulekile

08 Iindlela Zekamva Nezisombululo Ezivelayo

Ukunciphisa iindleko zeTitanium

Njengoko iTshayina iseke uthotho olupheleleyo lweshishini le-titanium ukusuka kwi-ore ukuya kwiimveliso ezigqityiweyo, iindleko ze-titanium ziye zaba zizinzile kwaye zikhuphisana ngakumbi. Le ndlela kulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke, nto leyo eyenza i-titanium ibe nomtsalane ngakumbi kwizicelo zemibhobho yamanzi olwandle.

Izixhobo eziPhambili eziDibeneyo

Uphando luyaqhubeka ngezinto ezihlanganisiweyo eziphuculweyo ezinokumelana ngcono nomlilo, ukumelana neempembelelo, kunye neendlela zokudibanisa. Olu phuhliso lunokwandisa uluhlu lokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezingezizo zesinyithi kwiindawo ezikude nolwandle.

Ulawulo oluPhuculweyo loMgangatho

Ukuhlolwa okuphuculweyo kunye neendlela zokulawula umgangatho weendawo zokuncamathelisa kwiipayipi ezingezizo ezesinyithi kunokujongana nomda wangoku wovavanyo olungonakalisiyo lwamalungu e-GRP.

Ukusetyenziswa kweTekhnoloji yeDijithali yamawele

Itekhnoloji yedijithali ephindwe kabini ingasetyenziswa ukujonga imeko yeenkqubo zemibhobho yamanzi olwandle, ukulandelela amazinga okugqwala, ukulahleka kobukhulu bodonga, kunye nemeko yokugquma ukuze kuphuculwe ucwangciso lokugcinwa nokunciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi elingalindelekanga.

09 Iingxelo

Ubuchwepheshe bokufakelwa kweMibhobho ye-GRP, iSayensi kunye neTekhnoloji, i-Wind, 2018(07)

Iziphumo zoVavanyo lokuThuthwa kwamanzi olwandle ngePipe ye-GRP, iZiko loBugcisa laseBeijing, ngo-2013

l S31254 Ulwakhiwo lwe-Alloy kunye neePropati, iShanghai Nonferrous Metals Network, 2025

Izicelo ze-l Titanium Alloy kwiNjineli yoLwandle, eCnfeol, ngo-2025

Inkcazo ye-PREN kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo, iQela le-GKD, 2025

Iindlela zokwakha iipayipi ezingezizo ezesinyithi kumaqonga angaphandle, ubuNjineli bangaphandle, ngo-2025

Iipropati zePipe ye-Titanium Alloy, iZiko loShishino lwe-Wuhu, ngo-2025

Ukukhethwa kwezinto zeNkqubo zamanzi olwandle zaseLwandle oluseLwandle, eNapstic, 2024

10 Qhagamshelana neWomic Steel

I-Womic Steel inikezela ngezixhobo zokufaka imibhobho ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwiinkqubo zamanzi olwandle angaphandle, kuquka:

l Super Austenitic Stainless Steel (UNS S31254 / 6Mo) Imibhobho kunye noFittings

I-Super Duplex Stainless Steel (UNS S32750 / S32760) Piping

l Intsimbi yeCarbon yobushushu obuphantsi kunye nePiping yeNtsimbi engagqwaliyo

Iiflanges, izixhobo, kunye neevalvu zezicelo zaselwandle

Izisombululo zeMibhobho ze-GRP (ngokubambisana nabavelisi abafanelekileyo)

Iwebhusayithi: www.womicsteel.com
I-imeyile: sales@womicsteel.com

Ucingo / WhatsApp / WeChat:

UVictor: +86 15575100681

UJack: +86 18390957568

I-Womic Steel – Iqabane lakho elithembekileyo lezinto zokufaka imibhobho yamanzi olwandle angaphandle kolwandle, elinolwazi kwi-alloys ezimelana nokugqwala, intsimbi engagqwaliyo, kunye nezisombululo zemibhobho ezingezizo zesinyithi kwizicelo zaselwandle nangaphandle kolwandle kwihlabathi liphela.