Umbhobho we-ASTM B673 UNS N08904 (904L) welding stainless pipe: Amandla okuvelisa kunye neenkcukacha zemveliso

Inkcazo emfutshane:

I-Womic Steel inika umbhobho wentsimbi engagqwaliyo edityanisiweyo ye-ASTM B673 UNS N08904 (904L) kwiindawo ezinobungozi obunamandla kuquka i-sulfuric acid, i-phosphoric acid, kunye namanzi olwandle ane-chloride ephezulu. I-904L yintsimbi engagqwaliyo enamandla kakhulu ene-nickel ephezulu (23-28%), i-chromium ephezulu (19-23%), kunye ne-molybdenum (4-5%), kunye ne-copper (1-2%) yokumelana okugqwesileyo nokunciphisa ii-asidi. Amandla amancinci okuvelisa yi-220 MPa (31,900 psi), amandla okutsalwa yi-490 MPa (71,100 psi). I-alloy inika ukumelana okulinganayo kwe-pitting (PREN) ye-35-40, ephezulu kakhulu kune-316L, kunye nokumelana okugqwesileyo nokuqhekeka kwe-stress corrosion. Ukuveliswa kubandakanya i-ERW yeedayamitha ezincinci kunye ne-EFW yeedayamitha ezinkulu, zombini ezinokungena ngokupheleleyo kunye nesisombululo se-post-weld annealing. Ububanzi bangaphandle ukusuka kwi-6.35mm ukuya kwi-1219mm (1/4″ – 48″), ubukhulu bodonga yi-0.5mm – 40mm, ubude obuqhelekileyo ukuya kwi-12m, ngokwezifiso ukuya kwi-18m. Isatifikethi somatshini wokugaya, uvavanyo lwe-hydro, i-100% UT, isisombululo esifakwe i-annealed kunye ne-pickled finish, iziphelo ezibengezelayo okanye ezicacileyo ziyafumaneka. Ifanelekile kwizityalo ze-sulfuric acid, imveliso ye-phosphoric acid, i-flue gas desulfurization (FGD), iinkqubo zokupholisa amanzi olwandle (ubushushu obuphezulu), ii-tankers zeekhemikhali, iiplatifomu zaselwandle (inkonzo emuncu), kunye nezixhobo zamayeza.

Ubungakanani bombhobho wentsimbi engagqwaliyo ewelding:Ububanzi obungaphandle: 6.35mm – 1,219mm (1/4″ – 48″), Ubukhulu bodonga: 0.5mm – 40mm (Ishedyuli 5S, 10S, 40S), Ubude: 6m – 12m esemgangathweni, ubude obulungiselelweyo bufikelela kwi-18m

Umbhobho weNtsimbi Engagqwaliyo oMgangatho oMiselweyo noBanga:I-ASTM B673 (umbhobho odibeneyo) / I-ASTM B674 (engenamthungo) / I-ASTM B677 (umbhobho ongenamthungo); I-UNS N08904; I-EN 10217-7 1.4539; Ilingana ne-904L

Ukusetyenziswa kwePipe yeNtsimbi Engagqwaliyo eWelded:Izityalo ze-sulfuric acid (inkonzo ye-asidi exineneyo nenyibilikisiweyo, ii-acid coolers), imveliso ye-phosphoric acid (ii-evaporators zenkqubo emanzi, ii-transfer lines), ii-flue gas desulfurization (FGD) absorber outlet ducts kunye nee-stack liner, iinkqubo zokupholisa amanzi olwandle ezinamaqondo obushushu aphezulu (30-50°C), ii-chemical tankers kunye neepayipi zemithwalo (iikhemikhali ezirhabaxa), ioyile kunye negesi engaphandle kolwandle (inkonzo emuncu ene-H₂S ephezulu kunye nee-chloride), izityalo ze-pulp kunye ne-paper bleach (indawo ene-chloride ephezulu), izixhobo zamayeza, izixhobo zokudaya ilaphu, ukulungiswa kokutya (ii-brines ze-chloride ephezulu), ii-heat exchangers zamanzi apholisayo ngamandla.

I-Womic Steel inikezela ngamaxabiso asemgangathweni aphezulu nanokukhuphisanayo e-ASTM B673 UNS N08904 welded stainless steel pipe, 904L super austenitic pipe, ERW stainless pipe, EFW stainless pipe, acid resistant pipe, sea water water. Isatifikethi se-mill EN 10204 3.1/3.2, hydro test, UT, solution annealed, beveled/plain ends, pickled finish iyafumaneka. Ubonelelo oluthe ngqo kwifektri lweeprojekthi zeekhemikhali, zaselwandle, kunye nolwandle kwihlabathi liphela.

Thumela i-imeyile kuthi Iinkcukacha zeMveliso

Iinkcukacha zeMveliso

Iithegi zeMveliso

1. I-Womic Steel: Amandla okuvelisa kunye namandla enkampani

I-Womic Steel Group ngumvelisi ophambili kunye nomthengisi wehlabathi jikelele onamava angaphezu kweminyaka engama-20 ekuveliseni iipayipi ze-alloy ezimelana nokugqwala. Isixhobo sethu esikhethekileyo sokwenza iipayipi ze-904L ezihlanganisiweyo sisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu bokudityaniswa kwentsimbi kunye nolawulo oluqinileyo lokufakwa kobushushu kunye nonyango lobushushu emva kokudityaniswa kwentsimbi:

● Umgca we-ERW (wokuWelda oXhathisa umbane):Kwiidayamitha ukusuka kwi-6.35mm ukuya kwi-610mm (1/4″ – 24″), ubukhulu bodonga ukusuka kwi-0.5mm ukuya kwi-12.7mm. Ukuwelda okuphindaphindwayo okune-heat input ephantsi (≤ 1.2 kJ/mm) ukuze kuthintelwe ukwahlulwahlulwa komxholo we-alloy ephezulu. Ilungele iipayipi ze-904L ezincinci ukuya kweziphakathi.

●Umgca we-EFW (i-Electric Fusion Welding):Kwimitha ukusuka kwi-219mm ukuya kwi-1219mm (8″ – 48″), ubukhulu bodonga ukusuka kwi-4.0mm ukuya kwi-40mm. Ingcambu ye-TIG (GTAW) ene-SAW fill passes, kusetyenziswa i-filler metal efanayo (ERNiCrMo-3 okanye ER385).

●Umgca we-LSAW / SAWL we-High Alloy:Kwiidayamitha ukusuka kwi-406mm ukuya kwi-1219mm (16″ – 48″), ubukhulu bodonga bufikelela kwi-40mm. Ukuwelda kwe-arc okufakwe emanzini kwiipleyiti ze-904L eziqengqelweyo kunye nokufakwa kobushushu obulawulwayo.

Zonke iipayipi ezidityanisiweyo ze-904L zifakwa kwisisombululo sokunyibilikisa (unyango lobushushu) kwi-1050-1150°C kulandele ukucima amanzi ukuze kunyibilikiswe naziphi na izigaba zesibini kwaye kubuyiselwe ukumelana nokugqwala, kulandele ukucola kunye nokudlulisa amanzi ngemixube ekhethekileyo ye-asidi.

Iziqinisekiso zoMgangatho kunye nokuThotyelwa kweMithetho:

●Isiqinisekiso se-ISO 9001:2015

●I-PED 2014/68/EU (CE Marking) yezixhobo zoxinzelelo

●Isatifikethi se-EN 10204 3.2 esinokuqinisekiswa ngumntu wesithathu (TÜV, BV, SGS, LR)

●Uhlolo lweQela lesithathu (TPI) oluvunyiweyo yi-SGS, i-BV, i-ABS, i-DNV, i-TÜV

●I-NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 yenkonzo emuncu (H₂S) xa iceliwe

●Ikhowudi ye-ASME Boiler kunye neVessel Pressure (iCandelo VIII, iCandelo 1) xa iceliwe

I-Womic Steel inika iipayipi ezidityanisiweyo ze-904L kumazwe angaphezu kwama-30 kumashishini eekhemikhali, aselwandle, nawaselwandle.

Ukuguquguquka kweMveliso:

●I-ERW: 6.35–610mm OD × 0.5–12.7mm Ubunzima × ≤ 12m

●I-EFW: 219–1219mm OD × 4.0–40mm Ubunzima × ≤ 12m (inde xa iceliwe)

●I-LSAW: 406–1219mm OD × 6.0–40mm Ubunzima × ≤ 18m

●Iindlela zokugqiba: Ezifakwe i-Annealed nezifakwe i-pickled, ezikhanyayo ezifakwe i-annealed (zeetyhubhu ezincinci)

2. I-ASTM B673 UNS N08904: Ukwakhiwa kwezinto kunye neempawu zokusebenza

I-UNS N08904 (904L) yintsimbi engagqwaliyo eyomeleleyo ene-nickel ephezulu (23-28%), i-chromium ephezulu (19-23%), i-molybdenum (4-5%), kunye ne-copper (1-2%). Ukongeza kwe-copper kunika ukumelana okugqwesileyo nokunciphisa ii-asidi ezifana ne-sulfuric kunye ne-phosphoric acid. I-molybdenum ephezulu kunye ne-chromium zibonelela ngokuchasene okugqwesileyo kwe-pitting kwiindawo ze-chloride. I-904L idla ngokusetyenziswa njengendlela engabizi kakhulu kune-nickel alloys kwiimeko ezinoburhalarhume obuphakathi.

Ulwakhiwo lweeKhemikhali (Uhlalutyo lweeLadle, % ngobunzima):

I-elementi	I-UNS N08904 (904L)	316L (ukuthelekisa)
C	≤ 0.020	≤ 0.030
Mn	≤ 2.00	≤ 2.00
P	≤ 0.040	≤ 0.045
S	≤ 0.030	≤ 0.030
Si	≤ 1.00	≤ 1.00
Cr	19.0 – 23.0	16.0 – 18.0
Ni	23.0 – 28.0	10.0 – 14.0
Mo	4.0 – 5.0	2.0 – 3.0
Cu	1.0 – 2.0	—
Fe	Ibhalansi	Ibhalansi

Iipropati zoomatshini (Ubushushu begumbi, Isisombululo esifakwe kwi-Annealed):

Ipropati	I-UNS N08904 (904L)
Amandla okuvelisa (umyinge, isaphulelo se-0.2%)	220 MPa (31,900 psi)
Amandla okuThamba (umzuzu)	I-490 MPa (71,100 psi)
Ubude (umzuzu, igeyiji engama-50mm)	35%
Ubunzima (ubuninzi)	90 HRB

Iimpawu Zomzimba:

Ubuninzi: 8.00 g/cm³

Imodulus yoKuqina: 195 GPa (28.3 × 10⁶ psi)

Ukuqhuba kwe-Thermal: 12.0 W/m·K kwi-100°

I-Coefficient yokwandisa ubushushu: 15.4 × 10⁻⁶/°C (20-100°C)Ukumelana nokugqwala:

I-Pitting Resistance Number Equivalent (PREN) = Cr% + 3.3(Mo%) + 16(N%) ≈ 35-40 (vs 316L PREN 24-26)

Ukumelana kakuhle ne-sulfuric acid kuluhlu olubanzi loxinzelelo (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-90% kumaqondo obushushu aphakathi)

Ukumelana okugqwesileyo kwi-phosphoric acid (inkqubo emanzi) equlethe iikloridi kunye ne-fluoride

Ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokugqwala kwemingxuma kunye nemingxuma kwiindawo zekloride

Ukumelana okuhle nokugqwala kwe-intergranular emva kokuwelda (i-carbon ephantsi)

Ifanelekile kwinkonzo emuncu (NACE MR0175) ngonyango olufanelekileyo lobushushu

Imida yokuGqobhoka (Uqikelelo):

● I-asidi ye-sulfuric (H₂SO₄): ukuya kuthi ga kwi-90% kwi-50°C; ukuya kuthi ga kwi-70% kwi-100°C

● I-Hydrochloric acid (HCl): inqunyelwe ukuba inyibilike (< 5%) kubushushu begumbi

● I-Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄): igqibelele ukuya kuthi ga kwi-85% kwi-100°C

● I-Acetic acid: igqwesile kuzo zonke iindawo ezixineneyo

● Amanzi olwandle: alungile kakhulu kumaqondo obushushu afikelela kwi-50°C

3. Ukuthobela uLuhlu lweeDimensional kunye neMigangatho

Into	Inkcazo
Umgangatho	I-ASTM B673 / ASME SB-673 (umbhobho odibeneyo)
Iinkqubo zoMveliso	I-ERW, i-EFW, i-LSAW
Uluhlu lweDayamitha yangaphandle	ERW: 6.35 - 610mm; EFW/LSAW: 219 – 1219mm
Uluhlu Lobukhulu Bodonga	I-ERW: 0.5 - 12.7mm; EFW/LSAW: 4.0 – 40mm
Uluhlu lweShedyuli	Ii-5S, ii-10S, ii-40S (ze-NPS 1/8″ – 48″)
Uluhlu lobude	Umgangatho: 6m; Ububanzi: 12m, 18m, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-18m
Isiphelo Sokugqiba	Isiphelo Esicacileyo (PE), Isiphelo Esinezithende (BE)
Umphezulu wokugqiba	I-Annealed & Pickled, I-Annealed Eqaqambileyo
Ukunyamezelana	I-OD: ±0.5% okanye ±3.2mm; Ubunzima: ±12.5% (nge-ASTM B775 nganye); Ubude: +50mm / -0mm

4. Ubukhulu kunye neenkcukacha ezikhoyo – Ipayipi ye-ASTM B673 UNS N08904 yentsimbi engagqwaliyo edibeneyo (Ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo obukhethiweyo)

I-NPS	OD (mm)	Ishedyuli	Ubunzima (mm)	Ubunzima (kg/m2)	Ubude obuqhelekileyo	Isicelo esiqhelekileyo
1/2″	21.3	10S	2.11	1.00	6m	Umthamo weekhemikhali
3/4″	26.7	10S	2.11	1.28	6m	Umgca wezixhobo
1″	33.4	10S	2.77	2.09	6m	Ukutya kwe-asidi
1-1/2″	48.3	10S	2.77	3.11	6m	Umgca we-asidi ye-sulfuric
2″	60.3	10S	2.77	3.93	6m / 12m	Umgca wenkqubo
3″	88.9	10S	3.05	6.46	6m / 12m	Ukudluliselwa kwe-asidi
4″	114.3	10S	3.05	8.37	6m / 12m	I-asidi ye-phosphoric
6″	168.3	10S	3.40	13.8	6m / 12m	Ukupholisa amanzi olwandle
8″	219.1	10S	3.76	20.0	12m	Umgca wobisi olumuncu olungaphandle kolwandle
10″	273.0	10S	4.19	27.8	12m	Ivenkile ye-FGD
12″	323.9	10S	4.57	36.0	12m	Eyona nto iphambili yekhemikhali
16″	406.4	10S	4.78	47.4	12m	Ububanzi obukhulu

*Imilinganiselo eyenziwe ngokwezifiso ngaphandle kwezi zigaba iyafumaneka. Iipayipi ezidityanisiweyo ze-904L zifuna ixesha elide lokutsala (ubuncinane iintsuku ezingama-60) ngenxa yokufunyanwa kwestrip/plate ekhethekileyo.*

5. Imigangatho kunye neeGrade zeCommon Super Austenitic ezenziwe yiWomic Steel

Umgangatho	Amanqanaba eNtsimbi / iAlloy	Isicelo esiqhelekileyo	Inkqubo yokuWelda
I-ASTM B673	I-UNS N08904 (904L)	I-Sulfuric/phosphorus acid, amanzi olwandle	I-EFW/LSAW/ERW
I-ASTM B674	I-UNS N08904 (ingenamthungo)	Imibhobho yoxinzelelo	-
I-ASTM B677	I-UNS N08904	Umbhobho ongenamthungo	-
EN 10217-7	1.4539 (904L)	Iinjongo zoxinzelelo, i-super austenitic	I-SAW/ERW
I-ASTM A312	I-UNS N08367 (AL-6XN), S31254 (254 SMO)	Amanzi olwandle, i-FGD	I-EFW/LSAW

Ukusetyenziswa:Izityalo ze-sulfuric acid, imveliso ye-phosphoric acid, iinkqubo ze-FGD, ukupholisa amanzi olwandle (ubushushu obuphezulu), iinqanawa zeekhemikhali, inkonzo ye-offshore sour.

6. Inkqubo yoMveliso – Umbhobho weNtsimbi engagqwaliyo oWelding (ERW, EFW, LSAW)

Ukuwelda kwe-904L kufuna ulawulo olucokisekileyo lokufakwa kobushushu kunye nonyango lobushushu emva kokuwelda ngenxa yomxholo wayo ophezulu we-alloy. I-copper kunye ne-molybdenum zenza i-alloy ibe lula ukuhlukana ukuba ukupholisa kucotha kakhulu.

Inkqubo ye-ERW (yokuWelda ngokuxhathisa umbane) – Ububanzi obuncinci ukuya kobuphakathi (6.35–610mm OD):

●Uvavanyo lwezinto eziluhlaza (iStrip/Coil):Umcu we-904L uqinisekisiwe ukuba uqulathe ntoni (Ni 23-28%, Cr 19-23%, Mo 4-5%, Cu 1-2%). Ikhoyili nganye inenombolo yobushushu eyahlukileyo.

●Ukuvula kunye nokulinganisa

●Ukucheba Umphetho Wemicu

●Ukwenziwa:Ukwakheka kweroli rhoqo.

●Ukuwelda Okuqhelekileyo:Ukufakwa kobushushu obuphantsi (≤ 1.2 kJ/mm) ukuze kuthintelwe ukwahlulwahlulwa kweCu/Mo. Ukuwelda kwindawo engasebenziyo.

●Ukugquma umthungo:Ukufakelwa kwe-induction kulandele ukucima amanzi.

●Ukulinganisa kunye nokulungisa

●Ukusika ubude

●I-NDT:Uvavanyo lwangoku lwe-Eddy (100%) + i-UT ekhethiweyo.

●Isisombululo sokuNxuluba (Ipayipi Epheleleyo):1050-1150°C, isitshisi samanzi. Siyimfuneko yokunyibilikisa izigaba zesibini.

●Uvavanyo lwe-Hydrostatic

●Ukukha kunye nokuPasa(i-asidi exutyiweyo ekhethekileyo ye-alloy ephezulu)

●Ukujonga ubulukhuni be-PMI (XRF) kunye noBulukhuni

●Uhlolo lokugqibela kunye nokuMakisha

Inkqubo ye-EFW (i-Electric Fusion Welding) – Ububanzi obukhulu (219–1219mm OD, 4.0–40mm WIT):

●Ukulungiswa kwepleyiti:Ipleyiti ye-904L, imiphetho ijikeleziswe (i-X bevel).

●Ukwenza iRoll

●Ukuwelda ngeeTack

●I-TIG (GTAW) Root Pass:Isithambisi esihambelanayo (ERNiCrMo-3 okanye ER385), igesi exhasa i-argon.

●Iipasi ze-SAW Fill kunye ne-Cap:Igalelo lobushushu ≤ 1.5 kJ/mm, ubushushu bokunqumlana ≤ 120°C. Ukujikeleza okukhethekileyo kwe-low-sulfur.

●I-Weld yangaphakathi

●Uvavanyo lwe-X-ray lwe-100% + UT(ngokwe-ASTM B775)

●Isisombululo sokuNgcwaba:Unyango olupheleleyo lobushushu bepayipi (1050-1150°C), isitshisi samanzi.

●Ukukha kunye nokuPasa

●Uvavanyo lwe-Hydrostatic

●Uhlolo lwe-PMI kunye noBume

●Ukumakisha

Inkqubo ye-LSAW ye-High Alloy – Ububanzi obukhulu kakhulu (406–1219mm OD, 6.0–40mm WIT):

● I-UOE okanye i-JCOE eyenziwe ngepleyiti ye-904L

● Ukuwelda kwe-SAW emacaleni amabini ngolawulo oluqinileyo lokufaka ubushushu

● Ukucoca isisombululo esipheleleyo emva kokuwelda

Amanqaku Olawulo Abalulekileyo Okuwelda Nge-904L:

● Igalelo lobushushu: ≤ 1.5 kJ/mm (ithagethi ≤ 1.2 kJ/mm)

● Ubushushu be-interpass: ≤ 120°

● Igesi yokukhusela: I-Argon eyi-100% ene-oxygen getter

● Ukucoca isisombululo: 1050-1150°C, ukucima amanzi – kuyimfuneko

● Ukukha: Umxube we-asidi ekhethekileyo kwi-chromium/nickel alloys ephezulu

7. Iinkqubo zoLawulo loMgangatho kunye noVavanyo lwe-ASTM B673 UNS N08904 Umbhobho weNtsimbi engaGciniyo oWeldiweyo

Iqonga	Indlela yokuhlola	Injongo
Impahla engekasilwa	Uhlalutyo lweeKhemikhali (OES okanye ICP)	Qinisekisa i-N08904 (Ni 23-28%, Cr 19-23%, Mo 4-5%, Cu 1-2%)
Impahla engekasilwa	Uvavanyo lokuThatha	Imveliso ≥ 220 MPa, Ukutsalwa ≥ 490 MPa
Impahla engekasilwa	Uvavanyo lokuGqobhoka (ASTM G28)	Ukumelana nokugqwala phakathi kweegranular (ukulungiselela inkonzo ye-asidi)
Impahla engekasilwa	Ubalo lwe-PREN	Qinisekisa ukuba i-PREN ingaphezulu kwama-35
Kwinkqubo	Ukubeka iliso ekufakweni kobushushu	≤ 1.5 kJ/mm
Kwinkqubo	Ubushushu be-Interpass	≤ 120°C
Ukuwelda (ERW)	I-Eddy Current (100%)	Ukunyaniseka kwe-Weld
Ukuwelda (EFW/LSAW)	I-100% UT (okanye i-PAUT)	Fumanisa iziphene zokuwelda
Ukuwelda (EFW/LSAW)	I-RT (10-100% ngokweenkcukacha)	Umgangatho wokuwelda
Ukuwelda	I-Dye Penetrant (PT)	Imingxunya yomphezulu
Emva kweSombululo se-Annealing	Uvavanyo loBulukhuni	≤ 90 HRB
Emva kweSombululo se-Annealing	Ulwakhiwo lweMicrostructure (ASTM E407)	Akukho sigma, chi, okanye izigaba zesibini
Umbhobho ogqityiweyo	Uvavanyo lwe-Hydrostatic	Ukunyaniseka koxinzelelo
Umbhobho ogqityiweyo	I-PMI (XRF)	Qinisekisa ibakala (Ni, Cr, Mo, Cu)
Umbhobho ogqityiweyo	Uvavanyo lokuGqoba kwePitting (ASTM G48)	Qinisekisa ukumelana nemingxuma (ukuba kuchaziwe)
Umbhobho ogqityiweyo	Okubonakalayo kunye nokuMakisha	Ukulandeleka

Uvavanyo oluKhethekileyo lweNkonzo eBalulekileyo:

● I-ASTM G28 Practice A (i-ferric sulfate-sulfuric acid) yokugqwala kwe-intergranular

● Uvavanyo lwe-ASTM G48 pitting kwi-FeCl₃ (6% kwi-40°C) kwinkonzo yamanzi olwandle

● Uvavanyo lwe-HIC/SSC lwenkonzo emuncu (NACE TM0284, TM0177)

● Uvavanyo lwe-Copper sulfate lokunciphisa ukumelana ne-asidi

8. Izicelo eziphambili – Ipayipi yentsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-ASTM B673 UNS N08904

●Izityalo ze-sulfuric acid:Ukuphatha i-asidi exineneyo (90-98% H₂SO₄) kumaqondo obushushu aphakathi, i-asidi encitshisiweyo (5-10%) kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, kunye nemibhobho yokupholisa ene-asidi. Ithatha indawo ye-316L kunye ne-317L.

●Ukuveliswa kwe-phosphorus acid (inkqubo emanzi):Ii-evaporators, ii-flash coolers, kunye nee-transfer lines eziphethe i-phosphoric acid ene-chloride kunye ne-fluoride. I-904L isemgangathweni we-wet process phosphoric acid.

●Imibhobho yokuphuma kwegesi ekhupha i-flue gas desulfurization (FGD):Ezantsi kwezifunxi apho kukho iigesi ze-asidi ezimanzi ezityebileyo kwi-chloride. I-904L isetyenziselwa ukuthuthwa kwe-outlet kunye nee-stack liners apho i-317L inganelanga.

●Iinkqubo zokupholisa amanzi olwandle (ubushushu obuphezulu):Iinkqubo zamanzi okupholisa aselunxwemeni apho ubushushu bamanzi olwandle budlula i-40°C. I-904L iyamelana nokugruzuka kwiqondo lobushushu apho i-316L kunye ne-super duplex zinokungaphumeleli.

●Iinqanawa zamachiza (Uhlobo lwe-IMO II):Iipayipi zemithwalo zeekhemikhali ezirhabaxa eziquka i-sulfuric acid, i-phosphoric acid, kunye nee-organic acids. I-904L ivunyiwe ziinkampani ezininzi zokuhambisa iikhemikhali.

●Inkonzo yokupheka eshushu engaphandle kolwandle:Imveliso yeoyile negesi ene-H₂S ephezulu kunye neekloride eziphezulu, ingakumbi apho ubushushu buphakathi kodwa iimfuno zokugqwala zidlula i-duplex.

●Izityalo ze-bleach ze-pulp kunye nephepha:Inkonzo ye-chlorine dioxide kunye ne-sodium hypochlorite apho i-317L inganelanga.

●Izixhobo zamayeza:Ii-reactors kunye neepayipi zeenkqubo ezibandakanya ii-asidi ezinamandla.

●Izixhobo zokudaya ngelaphu:Oomatshini bokudaya abaphatha iidayi ezifakwe iklorini.

●Ukulungiswa kokutya:Iityuwa ze-chloride ezininzi, utywala be-pickle, kunye neemveliso zokutya ezine-asidi.

9. Ukupakishwa kunye nokuthunyelwa - Inqwaba yePipe yeNsimbi yeJIS A5525 SKK490 SSAW

Ukupakisha:

●Ukhuseleko lokulwa nokugqwala:Iphepha leplastiki okanye i-VCI. Akukho ntsalela yeoyile yenkonzo yeekhemikhali.

●Iziphelo zokugqibela:Iikhaphu zeplastiki ezinzima (ezinemibala – zihlala ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwi-904L).

●Ukubopha (Ububanzi obuncinci):Umbhobho ngamnye ugoqwe ngokwawo, uze uhlanganiswe ngeentambo ezingezizo ezesinyithi.

●Ukupakisha ngakunye (Ububanzi obukhulu):Ifilimu yeplastiki egqunywe ngeeringi zefoam.

●Iibhokisi zomthikwiiprojekthi ezibalulekileyo zeekhemikhali kunye nezolwandle.

Ukuhambisa ngenqanawe:

Izikhongozeli ze-≤ 610mm, ubukhulu obuphakathi bobubanzi obukhulu.

Amaxwebhu:I-MTC 3.1/3.2, ingxelo yovavanyo lwe-hydrotest, iingxelo ze-UT/RT, ingxelo ye-PMI, ingxelo yovavanyo lokugqwala (ukuba ichaziwe), ingxelo yobukhulu, uluhlu lokupakisha, i-COO. Ukulandeleka ngokupheleleyo ukusuka kwinani lobushushu ukuya kumbhobho ogqityiweyo.

10. Iingenelo zeWomic Steel kunye neFAQ – ASTM B673 UNS N08904 Welded Pipe

Kutheni Usebenzisana Nentsimbi Yombhobho Welding Welded we-904L?

● Uluhlu olupheleleyo lobungakanani: ERW 1/4″ – 24″, EFW/LSAW 8″ – 48″.

● Ukuqhoboshela isisombululo esipheleleyo emva kokuwelda (1050-1150°C, ukucima amanzi).

● Uvavanyo lokugqwala ngaphakathi endlwini (ASTM G28, G48) lwenkonzo ye-asidi namanzi olwandle.

● I-PREN ≥ 35 - ukuchasana nokugoba okugqwesileyo.

● Amaxesha okukhokela akhuphisanayo: iintsuku ezingama-60-75 kwi-ERW, iintsuku ezingama-75-90 kwi-EFW/LSAW.

● Isiqinisekiso sehlabathi jikelele: ISO 9001, PED (CE), EN 10204 Uhlobo lwe-3.2.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo) – I-ASTM B673 UNS N08904 Umbhobho Oweluliweyo

Q: Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-904L kunye ne-316L?
A: I-904L ine-nickel ephezulu kakhulu (23-28% vs 10-14%), i-chromium ephezulu (19-23% vs 16-18%), i-molybdenum ephezulu (4-5% vs 2-3%), kwaye yongeza i-copper (1-2%). Oku kunika i-904L ukumelana ngcono kakhulu ne-sulfuric acid, i-phosphoric acid, kunye ne-pitting kwi-chloride. I-PREN yi-35-40 vs 24-26 kwi-316L. I-904L ixabisa malunga ne-3-4 yexabiso le-316L kwaye isetyenziswa apho i-316L ingaphumeleli khona.

Q: Ingaba i-904L ifanelekile kwinkonzo yamanzi olwandle?
A: Ewe. I-904L inokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokugqwala kwemingxuma kunye nemingxuma emanzini olwandle ukuya kuthi ga kumaqondo obushushu amalunga nama-50°C. Kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu okanye kwiimeko zokuma, kungafuneka ii-super duplex okanye i-nickel alloys. I-904L idla ngokusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokupholisa amanzi olwandle apho i-316L ingaphumeleli khona.

Q: Ingakanani iqondo lobushushu eliphezulu lenkonzo ye-904L kwi-asidi yesulfuric?
A: Kwi-50-70% H₂SO₄, i-904L ingasetyenziswa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100°C. Kwi-90-96% H₂SO₄, nciphisa ukuya kwi-50-60°C. Kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu okanye i-asidi enzulu ngakumbi, kufuneka ii-alloys eziphezulu ze-nickel (i-Alloy 20, i-Alloy 625, i-Alloy C-276). Soloko ujonga iitshathi zokugqwala kwiimeko ezithile.

Q: Ingaba i-904L ifuna isisombululo sokufakelwa emva kokuwelda?
A: Ewe, ngokwe-ASTM B673. I-904L inokwenza izigaba zesibini (sigma, chi) kwi-weld HAZ ukuba ukupholisa kuhamba kancinci. I-Solution annealing kwi-1050-1150°C ilandelwa yi-water quench iyayinyibilikisa le zigaba kwaye ibuyisele ukumelana nokugqwala. I-Womic yenza i-annealing epheleleyo yesisombululo kuzo zonke iipayipi ze-904L eziweldiweyo. Kwi-field welding, sebenzisa i-input yobushushu obuphantsi kwaye ucinge nge-annealing yesisombululo emva kwe-weld ukuba kunokwenzeka.

Q: Yeyiphi intsimbi yokuzalisa ecetyiswayo kwi-904L?
A: I-AWS A5.14 ERNiCrMo-3 (Inconel 625) okanye i-ER385 iyacetyiswa. I-ERNiCrMo-3 isetyenziswa rhoqo kwaye inika ukumelana okuhle nokugqwala okufana ne-904L. I-ER385 sisizalisi esithile sokufanisa se-904L. I-Womic isebenzisa i-ERNiCrMo-3 kwiinkqubo ze-EFW.

Q: Ingaba i-904L ifanelekile kwinkonzo ye-sour (H₂S)?
A: Ewe, i-904L ifanelekile ngokwe-NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 yenkonzo ye-sour ene-H₂S engaphelelanga ukuya kwi-1 bar (15 psi) kuluhlu oluthile lobunzima. Ihlala isetyenziswa kwiindawo ze-sour eziphakathi apho i-duplex inganelanga ngenxa ye-chloride ephezulu.

Q: Lingakanani ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokuhambisa umbhobho odibeneyo we-904L?
A: Iintsuku ezingama-60-75 ze-ERW (ezincinci ukuya kweziphakathi), iintsuku ezingama-75-90 ze-EFW/LSAW (ezinkulu). Amaxesha okukhokela amade kuneentsimbi eziqinileyo ezingenanto ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwe-alloy strip/plate ekhethekileyo (ngokuqhelekileyo iiveki ezili-12-16 ukusuka kwindawo yokusila). Ukuhlolwa komntu wesithathu kongeza iintsuku ezi-7-14.

Q: Ngaba i-904L ingasetyenziselwa iinkqubo zamanzi ezicocekileyo kakhulu?
A: Ewe, kodwa idla ngokuchazwa ngokugqithisileyo. Kumanzi acocekileyo kakhulu (RO, DI, WFI), i-316L yanele kwaye ingabizi kakhulu. I-904L igcinelwe iimeko zeekhemikhali ezirhabaxa okanye ezine-chloride ephezulu.

Isalathiso seProjekthi – Ukutshintshwa kweMibhobho yokuCola yeSityalo seSulfuric Acid ye-European Sulfuric Acid

Ilizwe:IJamani (iNorth Rhine-Westphalia, i-chemical complex)
Imigangatho kunye neBanga:I-ASTM B673 UNS N08904 (904L) – umbhobho odibeneyo
Ubukhulu kunye nobungakanani:

● OD 88.9mm (3″) × Ishedyuli 10S (3.05mm WIT) – 600 metres (malunga neetoni ezi-5) – Inkqubo ye-ERW

● OD 114.3mm (4″) × Ishedyuli 10S (3.05mm WIT) – 500 metres (malunga neetoni ezi-6) – Inkqubo ye-ERW

● OD 168.3mm (6″) × Ishedyuli 10S (3.40mm WIT) – 300 metres (malunga neetoni ezi-4) – Inkqubo ye-EFW

● OD 219.1mm (8″) × Ishedyuli 10S (3.76mm WIT) – 200 metres (malunga neetoni ezi-4) – Inkqubo ye-EFW
Isimbuku:Iimitha ezili-1,600, malunga neetoni ezili-19

Iinkcukacha:Isisombululo se-ASTM B673 UNS N08904 sifakwe i-anneal kwaye sifakwe i-pickle, iziphelo ezibengezelayo. Uvavanyo lwe-hydrostatic kuxinzelelo loyilo lwe-1.5× (uyilo lwe-1.2 MPa). I-100% UT yemibhobho ye-EFW, umsinga we-eddy we-ERW. I-PMI kumbhobho ngamnye. Uvavanyo lokugqwala oluyimfuneko ngokwe-ASTM G28 Practice A (i-ferric sulfate-sulfuric acid) – izinga lokugqwala < 5 mpy (kufezekiswe i-2-3 mpy). Uvavanyo lokugqwala nge-pitting ngokwe-ASTM G48 Indlela A (6% FeCl₃, iiyure ezingama-24 kwi-40°C) – akukho mingxunya. Uvavanyo lokugqwala oluphakathi kwegranular ngokwe-ASTM A262 Practice E (pasile). Uhlolo lomntu wesithathu yi-TÜV Germany.

Isicelo:Ukutshintshwa kwemibhobho yokupholisa i-asidi kunye nemigca yokudlulisa ehambelana nayo kwisityalo sokuvuselela i-sulfuric acid. Le mibhobho iphatha i-sulfuric acid eshushu (85-93% H₂SO₄) kwi-70-90°C ukusuka kwinqaba yokufunxa ukuya kwi-acid cooler. Imibhobho yangaphambili ye-316L ayizange iphumelele emva kweenyanga ezili-18 ngenxa yokugqwala kunye nokugawulwa kwemigodi. I-904L ikhethwe ngenxa yokuxhathisa kwayo okuphezulu kwi-sulfuric acid exineneyo kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.

Imingeni yoBugcisa kunye neZisombululo:

●Ukubola kwi-asidi ye-sulfuric eshushu (85-93%, 70-90°C)– I-316L iyabola ngamanani angaphezulu kwe-50 mpy phantsi kwezi meko. I-904L ene-nickel yayo ephezulu, i-chromium, i-molybdenum, kunye ne-copper inika izinga lokubola < 5 mpy. I-Womic eyenziwe yi-ASTM G28 Practice A uvavanyo kwi-base metal kunye neesampuli ze-weld. Amanani okubola: i-base metal 2.1 mpy, i-weld 2.8 mpy – ngaphantsi kakhulu komda we-5 mpy. Ivunyiwe ngumthengi.

●Ukumelana nokugqwala kwesinyithi se-Weld– I-weld yeyona ndawo isengozini kakhulu. I-Womic isebenzise igalelo lobushushu obuphantsi (≤ 1.2 kJ/mm) kunye ne-ERNiCrMo-3 filler. Iisampulu ze-weld ziphumelele uvavanyo lwe-G28 ngesantya sokugqwala esingu-2.8-3.2 mpy. I-Microstructure ayibonisanga mvula yesigaba sesibini.

●Ukumelana nokugrumba kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu– Le asidi iqulethe ii-trace chloride (ezivela kumthombo wamanzi). I-904L's PREN 35-40 inika ukumelana nokugrumba. I-Womic yenze uvavanyo lwe-G48 pitting kwi-40°C (inzima ngakumbi kunobushushu benkonzo obuyi-70°C? Enyanisweni ubushushu bovavanyo obuyi-40°C buphantsi, kodwa i-FeCl₃ inamandla). Isiphumo: akukho mingxunya emva kweeyure ezingama-72.

●Ukugqwala phakathi kwegranular emva kokuwelda– I-904L inekhabhoni ephantsi (≤ 0.020%), kodwa ukutsalwa kwesisombululo kusafuneka. I-Womic yenze ukutsalwa kwesisombululo esipheleleyo kwi-1100°C, i-water quench. Uvavanyo lwe-ASTM A262 Practice E luphumelele.

●Inkqubo yokuwelda ebaleni– Iqela lolondolozo lwezityalo lifune ii-WPS ezifanelekileyo zokulungisa. I-Womic inikezele ngeekhuphoni ezili-15 ze-weld ezine-WPS isebenzisa i-GTAW, i-ERNiCrMo-3 filler, ifudumeza kwangaphambili i-10-20°C, i-interpass ≤ 120°C, i-heat input ≤ 1.2 kJ/mm. Iikhuphoni ziphumelele uvavanyo lwe-RT, PT, kunye ne-G28.

●Uthutho lwezothutho oluya kwisityalo seekhemikhali saseJamani– Iipayipi zithunyelwe ukusuka eShanghai ukuya eHamburg port, emva koko zathunyelwa ngelori kwindawo. I-TÜV Germany ihlole iipayipi eHamburg. Zonke iitoni ezili-19 zithunyelwe kwisithuba seeveki ezili-10. Iphakheji yamaxwebhu (i-MTC 3.2, iingxelo zovavanyo) zithunyelwe nge-elektroniki.

Isiphumo:Kufakwe imibhobho emitsha ye-904L ngexesha lotshintsho lwekota yesithathu ka-2024. Emva kweenyanga ezili-12 zokusebenza, uhlolo alubonisanga monakalo, akukho mingxunya, kwaye akukho kuvuza. Umthengi ulindele ubomi benkonzo obungaphezulu kweminyaka eli-15 (xa kuthelekiswa neminyaka eli-1.5 kwi-316L). I-Womic Steel ngoku ngumthengisi ofanelekileyo wemibhobho yenkonzo ye-sulfuric acid yesi sityalo seekhemikhali.

Qhagamshelana:
Iwebhusayithi: www.womicsteel.com
I-imeyile: sales@womicsteel.com

Ucingo / WhatsApp / WeChat:
UVictor: +86 15575100681
UJack: +86 18390957568

I-Womic Steel – Iqabane lakho elithembekileyo le-ASTM B673 UNS N08904 imibhobho yentsimbi engagqwali edityanisiweyo yezityalo ze-sulfuric kunye ne-phosphoric acid, iinkqubo ze-FGD, ukupholisa amanzi olwandle, kunye nenkonzo yamakhemikhali enamandla kwihlabathi liphela.