1. I-Womic Steel: Amandla okuvelisa kunye namandla enkampani
I-Womic Steel Group ifumene imvume ye-DNV GL yokwenza imibhobho ye-SAWL ngokwe-DNV-OS-F101. Lo mgangatho uneemfuno ezingqongqo kune-API 5L yemibhobho engaselunxwemeni, kuquka:
● Ukunyamezelana okuqinileyo (i-ovality ≤ 0.2% kwi-UOE, ≤ 0.3% kwi-JCOE)
● Uvavanyo lokuqina kokuqhekeka okunyanzelekileyo (i-CTOD – i-Crack Tip Opening Displacement)
● Iimfuno eziphezulu zamandla ombane (ngokuqhelekileyo yi-50J min kwi -20°C)
● Imida eqinileyo yobunzima bokuwelda (ngesiqhelo ≤ 85 HRB yenkonzo emuncu, ≤ 90 HRB yenkonzo emuncu)
● Ukulandeleka ngokupheleleyo ukusuka kwipleyiti ukuya kumbhobho ogqityiweyo
● Uphando lweqela lesithathu oluqhutywa yi-DNV okanye olunye umbutho wokwahlukanisa owaziwayo
Iinkqubo zemveliso: I-UOE (ekhethwayo emanzini anzulu ngenxa yokuba ijikelezile kakhulu kwaye ixinezeleke kancinci) kunye ne-JCOE. Umgca we-UOE weWomic uquka i-hydraulic O-press (6,000t) kunye ne-mechanical expander (72 segments) efikelela kwi-ovality ±0.15%.
Umthamo wonyaka we-LSAW oqinisekisiweyo yi-DNV:Iitoni ezingama-40,000.
Ukuguquguquka kwemveliso ye-DNV-OS-F101 L450:
● UOE: 508–1,220mm OD × 6.0–40.0mm Ubunzima × ≤ 24m (ikhethwayo kumanzi anzulu)
● I-JCOE: 406–1,422mm OD × 6.0–50.8mm Ubunzima × ≤ 18m (kwiindawo zamanzi angajulileyo kunye neendlela zonxweme)
● Zonke iipayipi zifumana i-100% UT kunye novavanyo lwe-TOFD, i-hydrotest, kunye ne-CTOD njengoko kufuneka.
2. DNV-OS-F101 L450: Ulwakhiwo lwezinto kunye neempawu zokusebenza
I-DNV-OS-F101 L450 ilingana ne-API 5L X65 kodwa ineemfuno ezongezelelweyo zokusetyenziswa kude nolwandle. Uphawu "L" lubonisa umbhobho womgca, kwaye "450" ngamandla amancinci okukhupha i-MPa.
Ulwakhiwo lweeKhemikhali (ubuninzi be-% ngobunzima, obuqhelekileyo kwi-L450):
| I-elementi | I-DNV-OS-F101 L450 (eqhelekileyo) | Inkonzo emuncu (ukhetho) |
| C | ≤ 0.12 (eqhelekileyo yi-0.06-0.10) | ≤ 0.10 |
| Mn | ≤ 1.60 | ≤ 1.40 |
| P | ≤ 0.025 | ≤ 0.020 |
| S | ≤ 0.015 | ≤ 0.003 |
| Si | ≤ 0.45 | 0.20-0.40 |
| Nb+V+Ti | ≤ 0.12 | ≤ 0.10 |
| I-CEV | ≤ 0.43 | ≤ 0.40 |
Iipropati zoomatshini (Ubushushu begumbi):
| Ipropati | I-DNV-OS-F101 L450 |
| Amandla Okuvelisa (umzuzu) | I-450 MPa (65,300 psi) |
| Amandla okuvelisa (ubuninzi) | I-575 MPa (83,400 psi) |
| Amandla okuThamba (umzuzu) | I-535 MPa (77,600 psi) |
| Ukwandiswa (umzuzu) | 18% (kwigeyiji engama-50mm) |
| Ubunzima (ubuninzi) – abunabumuncu | 90 HRB |
| Ubunzima (ubuninzi) – inkonzo emuncu | 85 HRB (eqhelekileyo) |
Iimfuneko zokuqina kwamathambo (DNV-OS-F101):
| Uvavanyo | Ubushushu | Ukwamkelwa |
| I-Charpy V-Notch (ubungakanani obupheleleyo) | 0°C okanye -20°C | Umndilili ≥ 50J, inye ≥ 38J (eqhelekileyo) |
| I-CTOD (isinyithi se-weld kunye ne-HAZ) | -20°C okanye ngaphantsi | δ ≥ 0.25mm (weld), δ ≥ 0.30mm (HAZ) |
| I-DWTT (yokusasaza amaqhekeza) | -20°C | Indawo yokucheba ≥ 85% |
Ezi xabiso zixhomekeke kwiprojekthi ethile. I-Womic ingafaneleka kwiimfuno zabathengi.
3. Ukuthobela uLuhlu lweeDimensional kunye neMigangatho
| Into | Inkcazo |
| Umgangatho | I-DNV-OS-F101 (iMigangatho ye-Offshore) - imibhobho ye-SAWL |
| Iinkqubo zoMveliso | I-UOE (ekhethwayo), i-JCOE |
| Uluhlu lweDayamitha yangaphandle | 508mm – 1,220mm (20″ – 48″) ye-UOE; 406mm – 1,422mm ye-JCOE |
| Uluhlu Lobukhulu Bodonga | 6.0mm – 40mm (UOE); ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50.8mm (JCOE) |
| Uluhlu lobude | Umgangatho: 12m, 18m, 24m (UOE); ukuya kuthi ga kwi-18m (JCOE) |
| Isiphelo Sokugqiba | Isiphelo esiBeveled (BE) ngokwe-DNV-OS-F101 |
| Umphezulu Ukugqiba | 3LPE, 3LPP, FBE, okanye ingenanto (enokhuselo lokugqwala lwexeshana) |
| Ukunyamezelana (DNV) | I-OD: ±0.2% (UOE), ±0.5% (JCOE); Ukuqanda: ≤ 0.2% (UOE), ≤ 0.3% (JCOE); Ubunzima: -0% / +12.5% (bungqongqo kune-API); Ubude: +50mm / -0mm |
4. Ubukhulu kunye neenkcukacha ezikhoyo – DNV-OS-F101 L450 SAWL Steel Pipe
| OD (mm) | Iinketho ze-WT (mm) | Inkqubo | Ubunzima obumalunga (kg/m2) | Ubude obuqhelekileyo | Isicelo esiqhelekileyo sase-Offshore |
| 508 | 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0 | I-UOE | 122.8 – 229.1 | 12m / 18m / 24m | Umgca wokuhamba kwamanzi ongaphantsi kolwandle |
| 610 | 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4 | I-UOE | 184.2 – 366.2 | 12m / 18m / 24m | Umgca wokuthumela igesi ngaphandle |
| 711 | 14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 28.0 | I-UOE | 240.7 – 471.7 | 12m / 18m | Isikhuseli samanzi anzulu |
| 813 | 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 30.0, 32.0 | I-UOE/JCOE | 314.4 – 616.2 | 12m / 18m | Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okuphambili |
| 914 | 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 30.0, 35.0, 38.0 | I-JCOE | 419.5 – 820.9 | 12m / 18m | Ububanzi obukhulu |
| 1,016 | 22.0, 25.4, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0 | I-JCOE | 539.2 – 963.9 | 12m | Amanzi anzulu kakhulu |
| 1,220 | 25.4, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0 | I-JCOE | 748.4 – 1,164.6 | 12m | Isiqu samanzi anzulu |
Kumanzi anzulu (ubunzulu bamanzi > 1,000m), i-UOE iyacetyiswa kakhulu ngenxa yokunyamezelana kwe-ovality eqinileyo (≤ 0.2%). Kumanzi anzulu (< 500m), i-JCOE iyamkeleka.
5. Imigangatho Eqhelekileyo Yeepayipi Ezingaphantsi Kolwandle Ezingaphesheya Kwelwandle
| Umgangatho | Amanqanaba eNsimbi | Isicelo esiqhelekileyo |
| I-DNV-OS-F101 | L360, L415, L450, L485 | Imibhobho engaphantsi kolwandle, ii-risers |
| I-API 5L PSL2 | X52, X60, X65, X70 | Ngaphandle kolwandle (akukho ngqongqo kangako) |
| I-ISO 3183 | L360, L415, L450, L485 | Ulwandle lwamazwe ngamazwe |
| I-NORSOK M-120 | X65, X70 | Imibhobho yeqonga laselwandle |
| BS 7191 | L360, L450 | Imibhobho yoLwandle oluseMantla |
Isishwankathelo sokusetyenziswa:Ukuthunyelwa kwegesi emanzini anzulu, ukuhamba kwamanzi angaphantsi kolwandle, ukunyuka okuguquguqukayo, iindlela zokusondela elunxwemeni, imibhobho ephakathi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo.
6. Inkqubo yoMveliso – i-UOE (Ekhethwayo) ye-DNV-OS-F101 L450
I-DNV-OS-F101 ifuna ulawulo oluqinileyo kune-API 5L. I-UOE yeyona nkqubo ikhethwayo.
Amanyathelo eNkqubo ye-UOE kwiPipe yase-Offshore:
1. Ukuhlolwa kwepleyiti– Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasonic lamination, ukuqinisekiswa kweekhemikhali, ukuxinana kunye novavanyo lweCharpy kumaqondo obushushu athile.
2. Ukugaya umphetho– I-J-bevel echanekileyo (± 0.3mm) ukuze kungene i-weld rhoqo.
3. Ukucinezela ngo-U– I-press ye-4,000t yenza ipleyiti ibe yi-U-shape.
4. Ukucinezela nge-O– I-press ye-6,000t ivala ibe yimo ye-cylindrical.
5. Ukuwelda ngetack– Izikhonkwane zexeshana zokugcina imo intle.
6.Inner SAW welding– Ukufakwa kobushushu kulawulwa (≤ 2.5 kJ/mm kwi-X65/L450).
7. Ukususa umva– I-arc yoomatshini okanye yomoya, ilandelwa kukugaywa.
8. Ukuwelda kwe-SAW yangaphandle– Ukudlula okuninzi njengoko kufuneka.
9. Ukwandiswa koomatshini– Isandisi se-72segment, ukwanda kwe-OD yi-0.8-1.2%. Ifikelela kwi-ovality ≤ 0.2%.
I-UT eyi-10.100% ene-TOFD– Ukuskena ngokuzenzekelayo komthamo we-weld opheleleyo.
11. Uvavanyo lwe-Hydrostatic– Ngokwe-DNV-OS-F101 (ngesiqhelo yi-90-100% SMYS).
12. Uvavanyo lwe-CTOD– Kwisinyithi esitshixiweyo kunye neHAZ kubushushu obuchaziweyo (umz., -20°C).
13.DWTT– Ukulawula ukwanda kwamathambo aqhekekileyo.
14. Uvavanyo lokugqibela olunemilinganiselo– OD, ukujiya, i-WT, ubude, ukuthe tye.
15. Ukwaleka– 3LPE/3LPP isetyenziswa kwindawo ekhethekileyo.
Umahluko ophambili kwi-API 5L ye-DNV:
● I-ovality eqinileyo (0.2% vs 0.5% kwi-API elunxwemeni)
● I-CTOD eyimfuneko (ayifuneki yi-API 5L)
● Iimfuno eziphezulu zeCharpy (ngesiqhelo i-50J vs 27J)
● Ulawulo oluqinileyo lobunzima benkonzo emuncu
● Ukulandeleka okugcweleyo kwezinto ezibonakalayo kunye neendawo zobungqina bomhloli
7. Ulawulo loMgangatho kunye noVavanyo lweMbhobho ye-DNV-OS-F101 L450 SAWL
| Iqonga | Uhlolo | Imfuneko ye-DNV |
| Ipleyiti | Uhlalutyo lweeKhemikhali | Qinisekisa ukwakheka ngokwe DNV-OS-F101 |
| Ipleyiti | Ukutsalwa | Isivuno ≥ 450 MPa, Ukutsalwa ≥ 535 MPa |
| Ipleyiti | ICharpy @ -20°C | ≥ umyinge we-50J, ≥ i-38J enye |
| Ipleyiti | i-ultrasonic | Akukho laminations idlula okuvumelekileyo |
| Ukuwelda | I-UT eyi-100% ene-TOFD | Skena ivolumu yonke ye-weld, urekhode zonke izalathisi |
| Ukuwelda | Uvavanyo lweRadiographic (indawo) | Uqinisekiso olongezelelweyo |
| Ukuwelda | Ubulukhuni (ukuwelda, i-HAZ, i-BM) | ≤ 90 HRB (engekho muncu) / ≤ 85 HRB (emuncu) |
| Igqitywe tu | Uvavanyo lwe-Hydrostatic | 90-100% SMYS, bamba ixesha ngokwemigangatho |
| Igqitywe tu | I-CTOD (i-weld kunye ne-HAZ) | δ ≥ 0.25mm (weld), δ ≥ 0.30mm (HAZ) @ item yovavanyo |
| Igqitywe tu | I-DWTT (ukuba iyafuneka) | Indawo yokucheba ≥ 85% |
| Igqitywe tu | Uphando olunemilinganiselo | Ingqinwe ngumhloli we-DNV |
Lonke uvavanyo lubonwa yi-DNV okanye umntu wesithathu otyunjwe ngumthengi (SGS, BV, ABS). Isatifikethi se-EN 10204 Uhlobo 3.2 esikhutshwe ngesitampu se-DNV.
8. Izicelo eziphambili – DNV-OS-F101 L450 SAWL Steel Pipe
●Imibhobho yokuthumela igesi emanzini anzulu– Ukuthutha igesi yendalo ukusuka kwiindawo zamanzi anzulu (> 1,000m) ukuya kwiindawo zokugcina amanzi ezikufutshane nolwandle
● Ukuhamba kweoyile negesi phantsi kolwandle– Ukudibanisa imithi engaphantsi kolwandle kwii-manifolds kunye neziseko zokuphakama
● Izinyusi ezitshintshayo nezingashukumiyo– Iindawo ezithe nkqo ukusuka ezantsi kolwandle ukuya eqongeni (i-CTOD kunye nokudinwa kubaluleke kakhulu)
● Imibhobho ephakathi kwebala- Ukudibanisa amasimi amaninzi ngaphakathi kwengingqi
● Iindlela zokusondela elunxwemeni– Iipayipi ezinqumla indawo yokudada kunye neendawo ezinamaza (zifuna ukugqunywa kunye nokugqunywa kobunzima bekhonkrithi)
● Iibhanti zepayipi– Imigca emininzi ngaphakathi kombhobho wokuthwala (i-L450 njengomthwali)
● Unxibelelwano lweqonga laselwandle– Ukudibanisa imibhobho yeqonga kwimibhobho engaphantsi kolwandle
i-ance
9. Ukupakishwa kunye nokuthunyelwa – DNV Offshore Pipe
Iipayipi zithunyelwa ngeenqanawa eziqhekekileyo kunye nokuhlolwa komthwalo ngumhloli we-DNV. Ipayipi nganye ixhaswa nganye nganye nge-dunnage yokhuni efakwe irabha. Izigqubuthelo zokugqibela zenziwe ngentsimbi edibeneyo (ukuthintela umonakalo we-bevel). Iipayipi ezigqunyiweyo zine-foam wrap eyongezelelweyo. Amaxwebhu aquka iingxelo zophando lwe-DNV kunye ne-MTC 3.2.
10. Iingenelo zeWomic Steel kunye neFAQ – DNV-OS-F101 L450 SAWL Pipe
Kutheni iWomic Steel isetyenziselwa iDNV Offshore Pipe?
● Umenzi ovunyiweyo yi-DNV GL weepayipi ze-SAWL
● Inkqubo ye-UOE ene-6,000t O-press kunye ne-expander ye-72-segment – i-ovality ≤ 0.15%
● Ubuchule bokuvavanya i-CTOD yangaphakathi (ilebhu evunyiweyo yi-CNAS)
● Irekhodi elikhulu kwiprojekthi zeNorth Sea, Brazil, kunye neWest Africa
● Uphando lweqela lesithathu oluqhutywa yi-DNV, i-ABS, i-BV, okanye ummeli wabaxumi
● Ukuthobela ngokupheleleyo i-DNV-OS-F101 (kubandakanya iSihlomelo A, B, D njengoko kufuneka)
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho:
Q: Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-DNV-OS-F101 L450 kunye ne-API 5L X65 yolwandle olungaphantsi komhlaba?
A: I-DNV-OS-F101 ibhalwe ngokukodwa kwiipayipi zaselunxwemeni. Umahluko ophambili: ukunyamezelana okungqongqo kwe-ovality (0.2% vs 0.5%), uvavanyo lokuqina kokuqhekeka kwe-CTOD oluyimfuneko (alufuneki yi-API 5L), iimfuno eziphezulu zeCharpy impact (ngokuqhelekileyo i-50J vs 27J), iimfuno ezongezelelweyo zokumelana nokuwa kunye noyilo lokudinwa. Kwiiprojekthi zamanzi anzulu, i-DNV yeyona migangatho ikhethwayo.
Q: Ngaba ninika uvavanyo lwe-CTOD lwesinyithi esitshixiweyo kunye ne-HAZ?
A: Ewe. Senza uvavanyo lwe-CTOD (Crack Tip Opening Displacement) ngokwe-BS 7448 okanye i-ASTM E1820. Singavavanya kwi--20°C, -30°C, -46°C, okanye njengoko kuchaziwe. Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo: isinyithi esiweldiweyo δ ≥ 0.35mm, HAZ δ ≥ 0.40mm. Uvavanyo lwe-CTOD lubonwa ngumhloli we-DNV.
Q: Ngaba ungabonelela nge-L450 kwinkonzo emuncu (H₂S)?
A: Ewe. Sibonelela nge-L450 nge-sour service supplement ngokwe-DNV-OS-F101 Annex A. Oku kufuna i-CEV ephantsi (≤ 0.40%), ukongezwa kwe-Mo (0.15-0.25%), i-PWHT, ubunzima be-≤ 85 HRB, kunye novavanyo lwe-HIC/SSC. Sibonelele nge-sour service L450 kwiiprojekthi zase-North Sea nase-Middle East ezikunxweme lolwandle.
Q: Bungakanani ubunzulu bamanzi obuphezulu obunokumelana nemibhobho yakho?
A: Ukumelana nokuwa kuxhomekeke kumlinganiselo we-D/t (ububanzi/ubukhulu bodonga), i-ovality, kunye namandla okuvelisa. Kwipayipi eqhelekileyo ye-L450 UOE ene-D/t = 30 (umz., 610mm × 20mm) kunye ne-ovality engu-0.2%, uxinzelelo lokuwa ludlula i-30 MPa (elingana nobunzulu bamanzi obuyi-3,000m). Kumanzi anzulu, singayila iindonga ezityebileyo okanye i-ovality eqinileyo. Nceda unikezele ngobunzulu bamanzi akho kunye noxinzelelo loyilo ukuze uhlalutye ukuwa.
Q: Ingaba uphando lwe-DNV luyimfuneko kuyo yonke imithwalo ethunyelwayo?
A: I-DNV-OS-F101 ifuna ukuba umenzi abe nenkqubo yomgangatho evunyiweyo kwaye imveliso ihlolwe yi-DNV kwiindawo ezichaziweyo zobungqina (umz., uvavanyo lwe-hydrostatic, i-CTOD, ukuhlolwa kobukhulu). Isakhiwo seWomic sihlolwa minyaka le yi-DNV. Kwi-odolo nganye, sibandakanya abahloli be-DNV ukuze babone uvavanyo olufunekayo. Singalungiselela nophando lwe-ABS, i-BV, okanye i-LR xa umthengi ecela.
Q: Lingakanani ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokuqalisa ipayipi ye-DNVcertified L450?
A: Iintsuku ezingama-90-120, kuquka neshedyuli yophando lwe-DNV. Ixesha lokunika ingcebiso lixhomekeke ekufumanekeni kweepleyiti (iipleyiti zeTMCP kwiindawo ezikude nolwandle zinexesha elide lokunika ingcebiso, ngesiqhelo ziiveki ezili-10-14). Uvavanyo lwe-CTOD longeza iiveki ezi-2-3. Kwiiodolo eziphindaphindwayo ezineepleyiti eziqinisekisiweyo kwangaphambili, ixesha lokunika ingcebiso lingancitshiswa libe ziintsuku ezingama-60-75.
Isalathiso seProjekthi – Umbhobho wokuthumela igesi eNtshona Afrika (iGulf of Guinea)
Ilizwe:Unxweme olukude lweNigeria / umda we-Equatorial Guinea (iGulf of Guinea)
Imigangatho kunye neBanga:I-DNV-OS-F101 L450 SAWL (UOE) ene-sour service supplement
Ubukhulu kunye nobungakanani:
l OD 610mm (24″) × Ubunzima 20.6mm – 52,000 metres (malunga ne-13,500 tons) eyenziwe yinkqubo ye-UOE
l OD 610mm (24″) × Ubunzima 25.4mm – 8,000 metres (malunga neetoni ezingama-2,500) ezenziwe ngenkqubo ye-UOE (icandelo lokunyuka nolwandle)
Isimbuku:Iimitha ezingama-60,000 (iikhilomitha ezingama-60), malunga neetoni ezili-16,000
Iinkcukacha:Ingubo yangaphandle ye-3LPE (3.2mm) enengubo yobunzima bekhonkrithi (60mm, ubuninzi be-3,050 kg/m³) ukuze ingabi namandla. Iziphelo ezibekiweyo ziyi-30°/1.6mm. I-Hydrotest kwi-25.0 MPa (uxinzelelo loyilo yi-18.0 MPa). Ubunzulu bamanzi: 800-1,400m. I-Charpy enyanzelekileyo kwi--20°C (ubuncinci be-50J, ifezekiswe yi-120-180J). I-CTOD kwi--20°C: isinyithi esitshisiweyo ≥ 0.25mm, i-HAZ ≥ 0.30mm (ifezekiswe yi-0.40-0.65mm). I-DWTT kwi--20°C: indawo yokucheba ≥ 85% (ifezekiswe yi-90-98%). I-Ovality ≤ 0.2% (UOE ifezekiswe yi-0.08-0.15%). Ubunzima ≤ 85 HRB (inkonzo emuncu). I-HIC nge-NACE TM0284: CLR 0%, CTR 0%, CSR 0%. I-SSC nge-NACE TM0177: akukho kuqhekeka. I-100% UT ene-TOFD, kunye ne-25% RT. Uphando lomntu wesithathu olwenziwe yi-DNV GL kuyo yonke imveliso.
Isicelo:Umbhobho wokuthumela igesi emanzini anzulu othutha igesi yendalo ukusuka kwiindawo ezikude nolwandle (ubunzulu bamanzi buyi-800-1,400m) ukuya kwisiphelo se-LNG esiselunxwemeni. Umbhobho ongama-60 km uquka icandelo eliphambili lamanzi anzulu (52 km, 20.6mm WT), icandelo elinyukayo elinamandla (4 km, 25.4mm WT), kunye nendlela yokufikelela elunxwemeni kwindawo yokudada (4 km, 25.4mm WT eneengubo zekhonkrithi). Igesi iqulethe i-trace H₂S (5-10 ppm) kunye ne-CO₂ (3-5%), efuna isiqinisekiso senkonzo emuncu.
Imingeni yoBugcisa kunye neZisombululo:
1. Ukumelana nokuwa kwamanzi anzulu (ubunzulu bamanzi obuyi-1,400m)– Uxinzelelo lwangaphandle lwe-hydrostatic kwi-1,400m lumalunga ne-14.3 MPa. Uxinzelelo olufunekayo lokuwa olune-safety factor yi> 25 MPa. I-Womic iyile umbhobho we-UOE we-24″ × 20.6mm one-D/t = 29.6. Sisebenzisa inkqubo ye-UOE, sifikelele kwi-ovality ye-0.08-0.12% (ngaphantsi komda we-0.2% we-DNV). Senze uhlalutyo lwe-finite element (FEA) kunye novavanyo olupheleleyo lokuwa kwiisampuli ezimbini. Uxinzelelo lokuwa lufezekisiwe: 27.8 MPa kunye ne-28.5 MPa – zombini ezi mfuno zingentla.
2. Ukuqina kokuqhekeka kwe-CTOD kwi-dynamic riser– Icandelo lokuphakamisa lifumana ubunzima bokudinwa ngenxa yokuhamba kwemithambo kunye namaza. I-DNV ifuna uvavanyo lwe-CTOD kwi--20°C. I-Womic yenze i-CTOD kwisinyithi esitshisiweyo kunye ne-HAZ kwimibhobho ye-25.4mm WT. Iziphumo: isinyithi esitshisiweyo δ = 0.42-0.55mm, i-HAZ δ = 0.48-0.65mm. Sikwabonelele ngee-SN fatigue curves ze-girth weld ukunceda uvavanyo lobomi bokudinwa komthengi.
3. Inkonzo emuncu ene-trace H₂S– Nangona uxinaniso lwe-H₂S luphantsi (5-10 ppm), le projekthi ifune isiqinisekiso esipheleleyo senkonzo emuncu ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluphezulu (18 MPa) kunye nomngcipheko wokugqwala kwendawo. I-Womic isebenzise iipleyiti zesalfure ezisezantsi (S≤ 0.0010%), i-CEV≤ 0.38%, ukongezwa kwe-Mo 0.20%, kunye ne-PWHT kwi-580°C kangangeeyure eziyi-1.5. Ukuqina emva kwe-PWHT: isinyithi esisisiseko 78-82 HRB, i-weld 80-85 HRB. Uvavanyo lwe-HIC kunye ne-SSC luphumelele ngaphandle kokuqhekeka.
4. Ukufakwa kobunzima bekhonkrithi kunye nokuhambelana kwe-3LPE– Icandelo lokusondela elunxwemeni lifuna ukubekwa kobunzima bekhonkrithi (60mm, kuqiniswe ngentsimbi) ukuze kuqiniswe ezantsi. Ukubekwa kokhonkrithi kwafakwa phezu kwe-3LPE nge-arhente yokubopha. I-Womic idityaniswe neyadi yokubeka ukhonkrithi ekhethekileyo e-Angola. Sibonelele ngeekhuphoni zovavanyo zokunamathela kunye novavanyo lwempembelelo. Ukufakwa kokhonkrithi kuphumelele uvavanyo lokuwa (ukuwa kwe-1m, akukho kuqhekeka).
5. Ukuhambelana kofakelo lwe-reel-lay– Umbhobho ufakwe kusetyenziswa indlela yokubeka ireyile (ifakwe kwisitya sereyile). Oku kufuna ulawulo olugqithisileyo lwe-ovality (≤ 0.2%) kunye nokuphakama kokuqinisa i-weld ≤ 0.5mm. I-ovality elawulwa yi-womic ukuya kwi-0.08-0.15% kunye nee-weld caps zomhlaba ukuya kwi-≤ 0.3mm ukuphakama. Senze imijikelo yokulinganisa i-spooling epheleleyo eli-10 kumbhobho wovavanyo – akukho kuqhekeka okanye ukuwohloka kwe-ovality.
6. Uphando lwe-DNV kunye namaxwebhu– Abahloli be-DNV babone uvavanyo lwe-hydrostatic, i-CTOD, i-HIC, i-SSC, kunye nokuhlolwa kobukhulu bebhetshi nganye. I-Womic inikezele ngedosi yomgangatho enamaphepha ayi-1,500 (kuquka zonke iingxelo zovavanyo, iitshathi ze-PWHT, iilog ze-UT, kunye nokusayinwa kwabahloli) kwiiveki ezi-4 emva kokuthunyelwa. Idosi yamkelwa ngaphandle kwemibuzo.
7. Iziphumo:Lo mbhobho wafakelwa ngempumelelo kwikota yesibini ka-2025 kusetyenziswa i-reel-lay vessel Deep Constructor. Akukho monakalo we-pipe body okanye weld seam owenzekileyo ngexesha lokufaka i-spooling, ukuthunyelwa, okanye uvavanyo lwasemva kokufakwa. Umphathi weprojekthi yomthengi uthe: “Ulawulo lwe-ovality lweWomic kunye neziphumo ze-CTOD zidlule oko besikulindele. Imibhobho idityaniswe rhoqo ebaleni nge-98% yokwamkelwa kokuqala.” I-Womic Steel ngoku ikuluhlu lwababoneleli abavunyiweyo kwiiprojekthi ezimbini ezongezelelweyo zokuthumela igesi emanzini anzulu eNtshona Afrika.
Qhagamshelana:
Iwebhusayithi: www.womicsteel.com
I-imeyile: sales@womicsteel.com
Ucingo / WhatsApp / WeChat:
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I-Womic Steel – Iqabane lakho elithembekileyo lemibhobho yentsimbi ye-DNV-OS-F101 L450 SAWL yokuthumela igesi emanzini anzulu, ukuhamba kwamanzi angaphantsi kolwandle, kunye neenkqubo zokuphakamisa amanzi angaphandle kwihlabathi liphela.
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