Imbiza yeSlag yeLF/VD | Isikhongozeli seSlag esikhethekileyo seLadle Furnace seSinyithi seSibini – Umfanekiso oPhambili weNsimbi yeWomic

Imbiza yeSlag yeLF/VD | Isikhongozeli seSlag esiKhethekileyo seLadle Furnace seSinyithi seSibini – iWomic Steel

Inkcazo emfutshane:

Ubungakanani bembiza yeSlag:Umthamo yi-5 - 40 yeetoni (ulingana nomthamo we-slag oqhelekileyo we-LF), ubunzima yi-8 - 45 yeetoni, umthamo yi-4 - 25 m³, ubukhulu benzelwe iqonga lokusebenza le-ladle furnace kunye nokufikelela kucango lwe-slag. I-Trunnion: uyilo oluphantsi olune-offset ukuze lucoce i-ladle turret.

Izixhobo kunye neMigangatho:I-ZG270-500+ (S≤0.012%, P≤0.015%), GS-20Mn5V (ene-vanadium), i-ASTM A27 65-35 yodidi oluphantsi lwe-hydrogen. Iyahambelana ne-ASTM A27, DIN 17182, EN 10293, ISO 3755. Unyango lobushushu: Icinyiwe + Ithambile + Ukubhaka kwe-dehydrogenation. Umphezulu: ngaphakathi kunye neprofayili yeradius egudileyo ukunceda ukuhamba kwe-slag yokwenziwa, ngaphandle kunye ne-emissivity coating ephezulu yokupholisa i-radiative.

Inkqubo yoMveliso:I-integral ye-casting enye enika ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kwi-gas tightness kwimisebenzi ye-VD. I-EAF + LF + VD + i-detention degassing (H < 1.5ppm). Ukulinganisa ulwelo lwe-thermal-fluid lwe-CAE lokukhupha i-slag. I-100% NDT: Umthamo opheleleyo we-UT (i-Level 1 trunnion, umzimba weLevel 2), i-MT, i-PT, kunye novavanyo lwe-helium leak lwenkonzo ye-vacuum.

Ukusetyenziswa kweSlag Pot:Ukuphathwa kwe-slag eyenziweyo ye-ladle furnace (LF), ingqokelela ye-slag yokususa igesi ye-VD/VOD, ukuthuthwa kwe-slag ye-ladle ukusuka kwisikhululo sesibini se-metallurgy, ukucocwa kwentsimbi ye-alloy, izityalo zentsimbi ezikhethekileyo (intsimbi ethwalayo, intsimbi yepayipi, intsimbi yentwasahlobo), ukubamba i-slag ye-AOD yentsimbi engatyiwayo, ukuhlanganiswa kwenkqubo yokubona i-slag.

Intsimbi yeWomicIbonelela ngeembiza ze-slag ezilungiselelwe i-LF/VD ezinomxholo we-hydrogen ophantsi kakhulu (≤1.5 ppm) ukuthintela ukuqhekeka okubangelwa yi-hydrogen phantsi kwe-vacuum. I-radii yethu egudileyo yenguqu isusa iindawo ezifileyo apho i-slag yokwenziwa inokuqokelelana khona. Uyilo olwenziwe ngokwezifiso kulo naluphi na ulwakhiwo lwe-ladle furnace turret. Iqinisekiswe yi-ISO 9001, PED, NORSOK M-650. Cela isatifikethi sokuhambelana ne-vacuum.

Thumela i-imeyile kuthi Iinkcukacha zeMveliso

Iinkcukacha zeMveliso

Iithegi zeMveliso

Isishwankathelo seMveliso – Iimfuno eziKhethekileyo zeeNqanawa zeSlag ze-LF/VD

A Imbiza ye-slag ye-LF(isitya se-slag sesithando seladle) okanyeImbiza ye-slag ye-VD(ibhakethi yenkunkuma ekhupha igesi nge-vacuum)inkunkuma yokwenziwa– ayilodaka olunamandla, olushushu kakhulu oluvela kwi-EAF okanye kwi-BOF, kodwa ngumxube oxutywe ngononophelo welayimu, i-fluorspar, kunye nee-alloys ezenzelwe ukucokisa intsimbi enyibilikisiweyo.

Yintoni eyenza iimbiza ze-slag ze-LF/VD zahluke?

1. Ubushushu be-slag buphantsi (~1,500°C vs 1,650°C kwi-EAF), kodwa ixesha lokubamba lide kakhulu.– ngamanye amaxesha imizuzu engama-60–90 ngobushushu ngabunye. Imbiza mayimelane nobushushuukuguqulwa kwe-creepkubushushu obuphezulu obuhlala buhleli.

2. I-slag eyenziweyo iyanyibilika kakhulu xa inyibilikisiwe kodwa iba ncamathela kakhulu njengoko iphola.Iindawo ezifileyo okanye iikona zangaphakathi ezibukhali zibangela ukwakheka kwenkunkuma okunciphisa amandla ngokuhamba kwexesha.

3. Ukususa igesi nge-vacuum (VD) kubeka imfuneko ekhethekileyo: imbiza ye-slag ingafakwa phantsi kwe-vacuum (0.5–1 torr) okwethutyana elifutshane. Naluphi na uxinano oluncinci olukwi-casting lunokuphuma igesi, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeniukwakheka kwamaqamza kwintsimbiokanye – okubi ngakumbi –ukuqhushumba kwembizaukuba kukho umngxuma omkhulu.

4. Iimbiza ze-LF/VD zihlala ziphathwa yi-ladle turret efanayo ephakamisa i-ladle yentsimbi.Oku kuthetha ukuba imbiza kufuneka ibe khaphukhaphu kwaye ibe ncinci kuneembiza ze-EAF/BOF ukuze ilingane ngaphakathi kwesithuba seengalo ze-turret kunye ne-geometry ye-crane hook.

5. I-Slag chemistry isisiseko (i-CaO/Al₂O₃ ephezulu), ehlasela imida yeenkozo ze-silicon kunye ne-aluminium.Ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kwizinto ezingezizo ezesinyithi iyadingeka.

Iimbiza ze-slag ze-Womic Steel ze-LF/VD zenziwe nge-umxholo we-hydrogen ophantsi kakhulu, imilo yangaphakathi egudileyokunyeubukhulu obucokisekileyo obuchanekileyo– kanye kanye oko kufunwa yi-metallurgy yesibini.

Isikhongozeli se-LFVD Slag Pot Ladle Furnace esikhethekileyo se-Slag se-Secondary Metallurgy – Womic Steel

Kutheni Ufanele Ukhethe Intsimbi Yomzimba Kwizimbiza Ze-LF/VD Slag?

Imfuneko	Isisombululo seWomic
Umxholo we-hydrogen ≤1.5 ppm	Ukukhupha igesi kathathu: i-VD emva kokunyibilika, i-VD emva kokucocwa, kunye nokukhupha igesi ephumayo ngexesha lonyango lobushushu (iiyure ezingama-48 kwi-650°C).
Ukumelana nokurhubuluza kwi-1,500°C (2,730°F)	Umxholo ophezulu weMo (0.4–0.6%) kwiindidi ezixutyiweyo, kunye nokuqiniswa kwesisombululo ngevanadium.
Akukho ndawo zifileyo zenkunkuma	Iprofayili yangaphakathi iqulathe kuphela iiradii >50mm; sisebenzisa iindawo zotshintsho zomatshini we-CNC ukususa ii-cusps.
Ukuhambelana kwe-vacuum	Uvavanyo lwe-100% ye-UT + i-helium leak luqinisekisa ukuba akukho mingxunya idibeneyo. Isiqinisekiso se-<1e-6 mbar·l/s.
Ilula kodwa inamandla	Ubukhulu bodonga obulungiselelwe yi-FEA (umyinge we-40–50mm vs 60–70mm kwiimbiza ze-EAF); ubunzima buncitshiswe nge-25% ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ngamandla.
Ukukhululwa kwe-slag egudileyo	Ingubo yokuhlamba yeseramikhi (ayiyo ingubo etyebileyo epheleleyo) + ukugqitywa komphezulu ocoliweyo (Ra ≤ 3.2 μm).
Ukulingana kweTurret	Siskena iingalo zakho ze-ladle furnace turret nge-laser size sinikeze imodeli ye-3D ukuqinisekisa ukuba zicocekile ngaphambi kokuba zifakwe.

Sikwabonelelaumlinganiselo wokunamathela kwe-slag kwindawo– sifaka ubunzima obulinganisiweyo embizeni, sifudumeze ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1,200°C, size silinganise i-torque efunekayo ukuze sikhulule inkunkuma.

Iinkcukacha zobuchwephesha – Imbiza yeSlag elungiselelwe i-LF/VD

Ubungakanani bomthamo vs. Isalathiso sobungakanani beLadle

Umthamo weLedle yeNsimbi (iitoni)	Umthamo we-LF Slag oqhelekileyo (iitoni)	Ubungakanani bembiza obucetyiswayo (iitoni)	Ubunzima bembiza (iitoni)	I-Dia yangaphandle (mm)	Ubude (mm)
60	4-6	6-8	9-12	1,200	900
80	6-9	10-12	14-18	1,350	1,050
100	8-12	12-15	18-22	1,500	1,150
120	10-15	15-20	22-28	1,600	1,250
150	12-18	20-25	28-34	1,700	1,350
180	15-22	25-30	34-40	1,800	1,450

Ubukhulu bembiza kufuneka buhambelane ne-ladle furnace turret - siyenza ngcono ngokwezixhobo zakho.

Amanqanaba ezinto zeNkonzo ye-LF/VD

Ibanga	Imiboniso eyodwa	Ithagethi yomxholo we-H	Amandla okuhamba (1,500°C, 100h)	Eyona ilungileyo kwi
I-ZG270-500 Ultra-Low H	S≤0.012%, P≤0.015%, i-vacuum ekhutshwe igesi	≤1.8 ppm	25 MPa	Intsimbi yekhabhoni ngokubanzi LF
I-GS-20Mn5V (+V)	I-Vanadium 0.10-0.20% yokumelana nokuqhekeka	≤1.5 ppm	35 MPa	Intsimbi ye-alloy, intsimbi ethwalayo
I-ASTM A27 65-35 Low H	NgeCu+Ni+Mo, unyango lwe-dehydro	≤1.2 ppm	40 MPa	Intsimbi ekhethekileyo, i-alloy ephezulu
I-1.5415 (16Mo3) ilungisiwe	Unyaka 0.25-0.35%, Cr 0.30% ubuninzi	≤1.2 ppm	55 MPa	Ukumelana nokuqhekeka okugqithisileyo (umsebenzi onzima we-VD)

Ithagethi eqhelekileyo:Kwiinkqubo ezininzi ze-LF, i-GS-20Mn5V ibonelela ngebhalansi engcono kakhulu. Kwi-VD (vacuum), sisoloko sicebisa i-ASTM A27 65-35 Low H okanye i-16Mo3 eguquliweyo.

Idatha yoVavanyo lweCreep (I-Womic Internal)

Izinto eziphathekayo	Ubushushu	Uxinzelelo	Ixesha lokuqhekeka (eliphakathi)	Ukwandiswa ngexesha lokuqhekeka
I-GS-20Mn5V	1,500°C	30 MPa	iiyure ezingama-210	12%
Imodyuli ye-ASTM A27	1,500°C	40 MPa	Iiyure ezili-165	8%
Imodyuli ye-16Mo3	1,500°C	50 MPa	Iiyure ezingama-98	6%

*La maxabiso adlula kakhulu iimfuno eziqhelekileyo ze-LF slag pot (ngesiqhelo iiyure ezi-2-3 kubushushu obuphezulu ngobushushu ngabunye).*

Iprotokholi Yokubhaka I-Hydrogen (yeNkonzo yoVutha)

Iqonga	Ubushushu	Ixesha	Umoya ongqongileyo	Injongo
1	350°C	iiyure ezili-12	Umoya	Ukususwa komswakama kokuqala
2	550°C	iiyure ezingama-24	I-N₂ eyomileyo	Ukusasazwa kwe-hydrogen yeathomu
3	650°C	iiyure ezingama-48	I-N₂ eyomileyo + i-5% ye-H₂ getter	Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni nzulu
4	300°C (ipholile isithando somlilo)	iiyure ezili-10	I-N₂ eyomileyo	Nqanda ukufunxwa kwakhona

Umxholo wokugqibela we-hydrogen uqinisekiswe yi-LECO analyzer (isampulu evela kwi-trunnion core).

Iprofayili Yangaphakathi Yokuhamba Kwe-Slag Yokwenziwa

Indawo	Ithambeka	Irediyasi	Ukugqitywa komphezulu	Umsebenzi
Umphetho ophezulu	5° ngaphakathi	75mm	I-Machined, Ra 6.3	Isikhokelo sokungena kwi-Slag
Umzimba ongaphezulu	I-taper ye-8°	I-50mm eqhubekayo	I-Machined, Ra 3.2	Ukwehla kwenkunkuma ephambili
Umzimba ongezantsi	I-6° ethambileyo	I-60mm eqhubekayo	Ipolished, Ra 1.6	Ukukhawulezisa ukukhutshwa
Ezantsi	I-Hemispherical	R = 150mm	Ipolished, Ra 1.6	Akukho ndawo yokuma ethe tyaba

Umphezulu wangaphakathi ogudileyo nocwebezelayo odityaniswe nokuhlamba kweseramikhi kunciphisa ukunamathela kweslag nge-70% xa kuthelekiswa nomphezulu otyhidiweyo.

Imbiza yeSlag eyi-20-50 yeetoni enomthamo ophakathi weSlag yokwenza intsimbi ye-EAF kunye ne-LF – iWomic Steel

Ulawulo loMgangatho lweeNqanawa zeSlag ze-LF/VD – Ukugxila kwiVacuum kunye neCreep

Uvavanyo	Indlela	Ukwamkelwa
Umxholo we-hydrogen	Isihlalutyi sokutsha se-LECO	≤1.5 ppm (okanye njengoko kuchaziwe)
Uvavanyo lokuvuza kweHelium	Igumbi lokucoca umoya + i-spectrometer yobunzima	Izinga lokuvuza < 1×10⁻⁶ mbar·l/s
I-Ultrasonic (umthamo opheleleyo)	I-Phased Array + TOFD	Akukho ziphene ezicwangcisiweyo >3mm; udidi lwe-porosity 2 max
Uvavanyo lokuhambahamba (ukhetho)	Umthwalo oqhubekayo kwi-1,500°C	Ukuqhekeka >100h kwi-40 MPa
Ubukhulu (ukulingana kwe-turret)	Ukuskena nge-laser + uthelekiso lwe-CAD	Akukho kuphazamiseka; imvume iqinisekisiwe
I-Trunnion UT	Ngokwe-ASME V, kunye ne-angle beam	Akukho zimpawu zithe ngqo >1.5mm
Uvavanyo lokukhululwa kwe-Slag	Imodeli yesikali ene-slag yesinyithi	Intsalela yenkunkuma <5%

Imbiza yeSlag yeTon ezingama-20-50 enomthamo ophakathi Isitya seSlag sokwenza intsimbi se-EAF kunye ne-LF – Intsimbi yeWomic

Inkqubo Yokuvelisa - Iyahambelana neVacuum kunye neCreep

1. Ukukhetha izinto– i-P ephantsi, i-S ephantsi yentsimbi elahliweyo + i-pig iron, akukho i-re-rollable scarce.

2. Ukunyibilika kwe-EAF + ukucocwa kwe-LF– ithagethi ye-S<0.010%, i-P<0.012%, unyango lwe-Ca.

3. Ukukhupha igesi nge-vacuum (VD) kwi-0.5 torr– bamba imizuzu engama-25, susa i-H ukuya kwi-<1.5 ppm.

4. Ukuthulula ezantsi– ilaphu elinye libe yinkuni, ubushushu obulawulwa ngokungqongqo (1,550–1,570°C).

5. Ukupholisa okulawulwayo kwisikhunta– iiyure ezingama-48 ngaphambi kokushukuma ukuze kuthintelwe ukushwabana okuncinci.

6. Ukucoca nokusila kokuqala– susa izinyusi, iigeyithi.

7. Unyango lobushushu lwesisombululo– 950°C, bamba iiyure ezi-2 kwi-25mm nganye, ukucima umoya okunyanzelekileyo.

8. Ukubhaka nge-dehydrogenation– ngokwetheyibhile yeprotocol engentla.

9. Ukunciphisa– 600°C, gcina iiyure ezi-4, upholise umoya.

10.Umatshini onzima– i-contour esezantsi, ii-trunnion bores.

11.I-NDT (UT, MT, PT, uvavanyo lokuvuza)– naluphi na ulwahlulo lubangela uhlengahlengiso.

12.Umatshini wokugqibela– iprofayili yangaphakathi ene-CNC, ifikelela kwi-Ra 3.2.

13.Ukuhlamba nge-ceramic– itshizwe, yomiswe ngomoya, emva koko itshiswe kwi-400°C.

14.Ingxelo yokugqibela kunye nokumakishwa.

Imbiza yeSlag yeTon 20-50 eneMithamo Ephakathi yeSlag yokwenza intsimbi ye-EAF kunye ne-LF – iWomic Steel

Ukupakisha iimbiza ze-LF/VD Slag (Ucoceko Olubuthathaka)

Ngenxa yokuba iimbiza ze-slag ze-LF/VD zingasetyenziswa kwi-vacuum cleaner, siyakuphepha ukuthambisa okusekelwe kwi-hydrocarbon. Endaweni yoko:

● Iindawo ezifakwe ngomatshini ezikhuselweyoifilimu yeplastiki ye-vapor corrosion inhibitor (VCI), hayi ioyile.

● Ivaliwe ngaphakathiingxowa yokufunxa ulwelo(ukhetho) ukuba kuyimfuneko kwinkonzo ebalulekileyo yokucoca i-vacuum.

● Ibhokisi yomthi eqiniswe ngentsimbi, i-desiccant yangaphakathi.

● Ukuthunyelwa ngenqwelo moya ukuze kutshintshwe ngokukhawuleza (ubunzima bembiza < 1,500 kg kwiisayizi ezincinci).

Izifundo zeTyala – Iimbiza zeSlag zeLF/VD ziyasebenza

Ityala 1: Isityalo seNtsimbi esithwala iibheringi, eJapan – Ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kweHydrogen

Umngeni:Iimbiza ezisetyenziswa kwinkqubo ye-VD zaqhekeka emva kweenyanga ezili-18 ngenxa yokutshaja kwe-hydrogen.
Isisombululo:I-Womic inike iimbiza ze-ASTM A27 ezine-hydrogen ephantsi (H≤1.2ppm) kunye ne-dehydrogenation bake.
Isiphumo:Iinyanga ezingama-36 kwaye azinaziqhekeki. Phinda u-odole iimbiza ezingama-20.

Ityala lesi-2: Umzi-mveliso wentsimbi yepayipi, eJamani – Ukuguqulwa kwe-Creep

Umngeni:Imbiza ye-slag ye-LF iwile kumphetho emva kweminyaka emi-2, nto leyo eyabangela ukungalungelelani kakuhle kwe-turret.
Isisombululo:I-alloy eguquliweyo ye-16Mo3 ene-Mo ephezulu, kunye nobukhulu bodonga obunyuswe nge-8mm.
Isiphumo:Akukho tshintsho lunokulinganiswa emva kweminyaka emi-3. Umthengi wamkela iWomic njengomthengisi yedwa.

Ityala lesi-3: I-Specialty Steel LF, e-USA – I-Slag Freeze-on

Umngeni:Intsalela ye-slag eyenziweyo yehlise amandla asebenzayo ngama-30% kwiinyanga ezi-6.
Isisombululo:Iprofayili yangaphakathi ekhazimlisiweyo (Ra 1.6) + ukuhlamba ngeseramikhi.
Isiphumo:Ukulahleka komthamo <5% emva kweenyanga ezili-12. Ixesha lokulahla inkunkuma linciphile ngama-40%.

05 Imbiza yeSlag yeTon ezingama-20-50 enomthamo ophakathi Isitya seSlag sokwenza intsimbi se-EAF kunye ne-LF – Intsimbi yeWomic

Izicelo – Apho iimbiza ze-LF/VD Slag zibaluleke kakhulu

●Izitishi ze-ladle furnace (LF)– yentsimbi ye-alloy, intsimbi yesixhobo, intsimbi ethwala

●Izixhobo zokususa igesi nge-vacuum (VD / VOD)– kuquka amanqanaba entsimbi engagqwaliyo

●Uthutho lwe-slag yeladleukusuka ekucoceni ukuya kwindawo yokulahlwa kwenkunkuma

●Izityalo zentsimbi ezikhethekileyoukuvelisa iintsimbi ezicocekileyo kakhulu (iinqwelo moya, imibhobho)

●Uphando kunye nezityalo zovavanyo– iimbiza zeslag ezinomthamo omncinci (1-5 ton)

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo) – LF/VD Specific

Q: Kutheni umxholo we-hydrogen ubaluleke kangaka kwiimbiza ze-slag?
A: Ngexesha lokususa igesi nge-vacuum, i-hydrogen enyibilikisiweyo kwi-steel casting inokusasaza iphinde idibane ibe yi-molecule hydrogen kwiindawo ezingezizo zesinyithi. Oku kudala uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi, okukhokelela ekuqhekekeni okanye ekuqhekekeni - ngamanye amaxesha okubizwa ngokuba yi-"hydrogen flaking." Iimbiza ze-LF/VD zisengozini kuba zigcinwa phantsi kwe-vacuum ixesha elide.

Q: Ngaba ungaqinisekisa ukuba umxholo we-hydrogen ungaphantsi kwe-1.0 ppm?
A: Ewe, kodwa kufuna indlela ekhethekileyo yokunyibilikisa (ukunyibilikisa i-vacuum induction okanye ukunyibilikisa i-electroslag) kwaye kubiza ngaphezulu. Kwiinkqubo ezininzi, i-1.5 ppm yanele.

Q: Ngaba niyalubonelela uvavanyo lokuvuza kwe-vacuum?
A: Ewe, senza uvavanyo lokuvuza kwe-helium xa siceliwe kwaye sikhupha isatifikethi ngokwe-ISO 20485. Siqinisekisa izinga lokuvuza <1×10⁻⁶ mbar·l/s.

Q: Kufuneka kutshintshwe kangaphi iimbiza ze-slag ze-LF?
A: Ngokwesiqhelo rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-3-5, kuxhomekeke kwimijikelo. Ukuguquguquka kwe-creep yeyona nto iphambili ethintela ubomi. Ukuhlolwa kwe-UT yonyaka kunokufumanisa izithuba ze-creep kwangethuba.

Q: Ngaba ungabonelela ngeembiza ze-slag ngejakethi yomoya opholileyo?
A: Kwizicelo ze-LF ezifuna ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa kwakhona, singayila ijakethi yomoya edibeneyo (igobolondo langaphandle lentsimbi elineetshaneli zomoya). Oku kunciphisa ixesha lokuphola ukusuka kwimizuzu engama-90 ukuya kwimizuzu engama-20.

Q: Ngaba iimbiza zakho ze-slag ze-LF ziyahambelana neenkqubo zokuchonga amanqanaba e-slag ngokuzenzekelayo?
A: Ewe. Sibonelela ngephedi yokuqhoboshela ethe tyaba kumphetho ukuze isetyenziselwe i-radar okanye i-laser sensor. Okanye, singazifaka ii-thermocouples ukuze sifumane umaleko we-slag.

Q: Ngaba ninika uqeqesho lokuhlolwa kwe-LF pot?
A: Ewe, sinikezela ngoqeqesho losuku olunye kwindawo yakho yokulungisa: i-UT yee-trunnions, iikhrayitheriya zokuhlola ngokubona, kunye neenkqubo zokulungisa ii-crack.

Q: Iyintoni iwaranti eqhelekileyo yembiza ye-slag ye-LF/VD?
A: Iinyanga ezingama-24 okanye imijikelo eli-10,000 – nokuba yeyiphi na eza kuqala. Kwinkonzo yokufunxa (ngovavanyo lokuvuza), iwaranti yongezwa ukuya kwiinyanga ezingama-36 ngokuchasene nokuqhekeka kwehydrogen.