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Isikhokelo sokukhetha izinto zeSlag Pot: ZG270-500, GS-20Mn5 okanye ASTM A27 – Yeyiphi efanela umatshini wakho wokugaya intsimbi? Umfanekiso obonisiweyo
  • Isikhokelo sokukhetha izinto zeSlag Pot: ZG270-500, GS-20Mn5 okanye ASTM A27 – Yeyiphi efanela umatshini wakho wokugaya intsimbi?

Isikhokelo sokukhetha izinto zeSlag Pot: ZG270-500, GS-20Mn5 okanye ASTM A27 – Yeyiphi efanela umatshini wakho wokugaya intsimbi?

Inkcazo emfutshane:

Yeyiphi into efanelekileyo kwimbiza yakho ye-slag?Esi sikhokelo sithelekisa amanqanaba amathathu aqhelekileyo –I-ZG270-500 (umgangatho waseTshayina), i-GS-20Mn5 (DIN), kunye ne-ASTM A27 60-30 (umgangatho wase-USA)– isekelwe kwidatha yokwenyani yomatshini wokugaya. Sigubungela ukwakheka kweekhemikhali, iimpawu zoomatshini, ukumelana nokudinwa kubushushu, ukuqina kobushushu obuphantsi, iindleko, kunye nobomi benkonzo eqhelekileyo. Akukho mabango okuthengisa; icebiso elisebenzayo kuphela ukukunceda ukhethe ukuba loluphi uhlobo oluhambelana nohlobo lwesithando sakho, imozulu, kunye nohlahlo-lwabiwo mali.


Iinkcukacha zeMveliso

Iinkcukacha zeMveliso

Iithegi zeMveliso

Kutheni Esi Sikhokelo Sikho (Kwaye Kutheni Ufanele Ukhathalele)

Ukuba wakha wathenga imbiza ye-slag, uyayazi indlela yokuyila: ababoneleli bakuthumela ikowuteshini enomgangatho wezinto ezibonakalayo, mhlawumbi iphepha ledatha eliphepha elinye, kunye nesithembiso sokuba "eli linqanaba elifanelekileyo lesithando sakho." Kodwa xa imbiza iqhekeka emva kweenyanga ezili-18, umthengisi ofanayo uthi, "iimeko zakho zokusebenza zinzima kakhulu."

Sibhale esi sikhokelo kuba sibona ukudideka yonke imihla. Abaphathi beMill bayasibuza:

● Yintoni umahluko wokwenyani phakathi kwe-ZG270-500 kunye ne-GS-20Mn5?

● Kutheni i-ASTM A27 60-30 ibiza kancinci kodwa inamandla okuvelisa aphantsi?

● Ndingayisebenzisa into efanayo kwiimbiza ze-slag ze-EAF kunye ne-BOF?

Esi sikhokelo sikunika iimpendulo ezithe ngqo – akukho nto ingaqhelekanga yokuthengisa, akukho ajenda ifihlakeleyo. Siza kuthelekisa ezona zinto zithathu zixhaphakileyo zembiza yeslag, sikuxelele apho isebenza khona kakuhle, kwaye apho zisilela khona.

*Isibhengezo: Oku kusekelwe kumava eWomic Steel angaphezu kweminyaka engama-20 yokwenziwa kwesamente kunye nempendulo evela kwizityalo zentsimbi ezingaphezu kwama-200 kwihlabathi liphela. Iimeko zakho zokusebenza zingahluka.*

AbaNtshatsheli Abathathu - Isishwankathelo

Ibanga Umgangatho Ukusetyenziswa Okuqhelekileyo Kwiimbiza Zenkunkuma Isalathisi seendleko ezimalunga
I-ZG270-500 GB/T 11352 (eTshayina) Injongo ngokubanzi, imozulu epholileyo 1.0 (isiseko)
I-GS-20Mn5 I-DIN 17182 (eJamani) Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lobushushu, ubushushu obuphantsi 1.4 – 1.6
I-ASTM A27 60-30 I-ASTM (e-USA) Iiprojekthi zase-US eziphantsi ukuya kweziphakathi 1.1 – 1.2

I-ZG270-500yeyona nto isebenzayo kwiifektri zaseTshayina. Ixabiso liphantsi, kulula ukuyibumba, kwaye isebenza kakuhle kwiindawo ezininzi zokugaya intsimbi - ingakumbi kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo ezinemisebenzi ezinzileyo.

I-GS-20Mn5lukhetho oluphezulu kwizicelo ezifuna umgudu omkhulu: ukuhamba ngebhayisekile rhoqo, imozulu ebandayo, kunye nalapho kufuneka khona isiqinisekiso semigangatho yaseYurophu. Asikuko nje ikhemistri - inkqubo yokunyanga ubushushu ingqongqo.

I-ASTM A27 60-30yimigangatho yaseMelika elingana ne-ZG270-500 kodwa ineemfuno ezahlukeneyo zovavanyo. Ihlala ichazwa kwiiprojekthi ezixhaswa ngemali zizikhungo zaseMelika okanye xa inkampani yobunjineli iseMelika.

Ukwakhiwa kweeKhemikhali – Amanani okwenyani

Masibeke ecaleni amagama okuthengisa size sijonge uhlalutyo lokwenyani lweladle. Ezi ziindidi eziqhelekileyo zokuvelisa imbiza yeslag (ayingowona mncinci/uphezulu ngokomgangatho - siziqinisile ukuze sisebenze ngcono).

I-elementi I-ZG270-500 (Eqhelekileyo) I-GS-20Mn5 (Eqhelekileyo) I-ASTM A27 60-30 (Eqhelekileyo)
Ikhabhoni (C) 0.30 – 0.37% 0.18 – 0.23% 0.28 – 0.32%
I-Silicon (Si) 0.30 – 0.50% 0.30 – 0.50% 0.30 – 0.60%
IManganese (Mn) 1.10 – 1.40% 1.00 – 1.50% 0.90 – 1.20%
I-Phosphorus (P) ≤0.030% (sijolise kwi-0.020) ≤0.020% ≤0.040%
I-Sulfur (S) ≤0.030% (sijolise kwi-0.020) ≤0.020% ≤0.040%
I-Chromium (Cr) Ayichazwanga ngqo ≤0.30% Ayichazwanga ngqo
I-Nickel (Ni) Ayichazwanga ngqo ≤0.40% Ayichazwanga ngqo
I-Molybdenum (Mo) Ayichazwanga ngqo ≤0.10% Ayichazwanga ngqo

Oku kuthetha ukuthini ebomini bokwenyani:

●Ikhabhoni ephantsi kwi-GS-20Mn5(0.18-0.23%) kuthetha ukunyibilika okungcono kunye nokuqina okuphezulu, ingakumbi kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi. Ikwanciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwehydrogen.

●I-P kunye ne-S eziqinileyokwi-GS-20Mn5 kunciphisa ukukrazula okushushu kwaye kuphucula ukuqina kwayo. Oku kubalulekile xa imbiza yakho yeslag ifudunyezwa kwaye ipholiswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo - ukungcola okuncinci kuthetha ubomi obude.

●Akukho Cr/Ni/Mo ekhankanyiweyokwi-ZG270-500 kunye ne-ASTM A27 kuthetha ukuba i-foundry ingasebenzisa intsimbi yekhabhoni ecocekileyo ngaphandle kwezinto ezidibanisayo. Oko kulungile kwiimeko ezithambileyo, kodwa kungekhona ukumelana nokudinwa kubushushu.

Indlela Yokwandisa Ubomi Benkonzo Yembiza Yeslag Isikhokelo Sokugcinwa, Ukuhlolwa kunye Nokulungiswa

Indlela Yokuthatha Isigqibo

Landela imibuzo ngokulandelelana kwayo. Ngokusekelwe kwiimpendulo zakho, khetha izinto ezicetyiswayo.

Inyathelo 1: Ingaba isityalo sakho sisebenza ngaphantsi kwe-0°C ngaphezu kweenyanga ezi-2 ngonyaka?

EWE→ Yiya kwiNyathelo 2

NO→ Yiya kwiNyathelo lesi-3.

Inyathelo lesi-2 (kwiindawo ezishushu kakhulu): Ngaba udinga isiqinisekiso saseYurophu (PED / EN 10204 3.2)?

EWE→ KhethaI-GS-20Mn5(ngovavanyo lwempembelelo lwe--20°C ≥27J).

NO→ KhethaI-ZG310-570(umgangatho onzima waseTshayina) okanyeI-GS-20Mn5(ukuba uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali luyavuma).

*I-ZG310-570 yinguqulelo ephuculweyo ye-ZG270-500 enamandla aphezulu kunye nokumelana nokudinwa okungcono kobushushu.*

Inyathelo lesi-3 (kubushushu obuqhelekileyo okanye obuphantsi ngamaxesha athile): Ngaba imbiza yakho yeslag ifumana imijikelo yobushushu engaphezulu kwe-10 ngosuku (umz., i-EAF okanye ukucocwa rhoqo kwe-LF)?

EWE→ KhethaI-GS-20Mn5(ubomi bokudinwa buphucukile kubushushu).

NO→ Yiya kwiNyathelo lesi-4.

Inyathelo lesi-4 (kwiimeko eziphantsi nezingenamandla): Ingaba iprojekthi yakho ikwi-USA okanye ixhaswa zizikhungo zase-US?

EWE→ KhethaI-ASTM A27 60-30(iyahlangabezana nemigangatho yaseMelika).

NO→ KhethaI-ZG270-500(eyona ingabizi kakhulu, ixabiso liphezulu).

Itheyibhile yesishwankathelo

Imeko Yokusebenza Izinto ezicetyiswayo
Ubushushu obuphantsi + kufuneka isiqinisekiso saseYurophu I-GS-20Mn5 (enefuthe le--20°C)
Ubushushu obuphantsi + akukho siqinisekiso saseYurophu I-ZG310-570 okanye i-GS-20Mn5
Ukujikeleza kobushushu obuphezulu (>10 ubushushu ngosuku) I-GS-20Mn5
Iprojekthi yaseMelika okanye exhaswa yi-US I-ASTM A27 60-30
Ubushushu obuphantsi, imijikelo ephantsi, iprojekthi engeyiyo eyaseMelika I-ZG270-500 (engabizi kakhulu)
Imbiza yeSlag eyi-20-50 yeetoni enomthamo ophakathi weSlag yokwenza intsimbi ye-EAF kunye ne-LF – iWomic Steel

Iipropati zeMechanical - Oko Uza Kukufumana Ephepheni vs. Oko Ukufumanayo Kwisilingi

Ipropati I-ZG270-500 I-GS-20Mn5 I-ASTM A27 60-30
Amandla okuKhula (min, MPa) 270 300 207
Amandla okuThamba (min, MPa) 500 480-630 414
Ukwandiswa (ubuncinci, %) 18 22 24
Ukuqina Kwempembelelo (uCharpy V) Akufuneki (sivavanya kwi-20°C) 27J kwi -20°C eqhelekileyo 20J kwi-20°C eqhelekileyo
Ubushushu beNkonzo obuphezulu (buyaqhubeka) ~600°C ~650°C ~600°C
Ukumelana nokudinwa yiThermal Isiseko ~40% ngcono Isiseko +

Ngoku masiyichaze le theyibhile ukuze isebenze imihla ngemihla:

●Unikeze Amandla– I-GS-20Mn5 inemveliso ephezulu (300 vs 270 MPa), ngoko ke iyamelana nokuguquguquka phantsi kwemithwalo enzima yenkunkuma. Oku kuyaqapheleka xa ugcwalisa imbiza kakhulu okanye xa umqhubi we-crane erhabaxa.

●Ukwandiswa– I-ASTM A27 inobude obuphezulu (24% vs 18%), oko kuthetha ukuba inokwelula ngakumbi ngaphambi kokuba iqhekeke. Kodwa kwiimbiza ze-slag, ubude obungaphezulu kwe-18% abusoloko buyinto ethintelayo – ukudinwa kubushushu yiyo loo nto.

●Ukuqina kwempembelelo– Le yeyona inkulu. I-GS-20Mn5 idla ngokuvavanywa ngempembelelo kwi -20°C. Ukuba imboni yakho iseSiberia, kumantla eKhanada, okanye nakumantla eTshayina ngexesha lasebusika, oku kubalulekile. I-ZG270-500 kunye ne-ASTM A27 zinokuba buthathaka xa amaqondo obushushu engaphantsi kwe-zero.

l *Ibali lokwenyani: Ivenkile yokusila e-Inner Mongolia isebenzise iimbiza ze-ZG270-500. NgoJanuwari, xa ubushushu bangaphandle buyi-25°C, imbiza yaqhekeka ngexesha lokuqala losuku. Batshintshela kwi-GS-20Mn5 – akusekho kuqhekeka ebusika.*

Imbiza yeSlag yeTon ezingama-20-50 enomthamo ophakathi Isitya seSlag sokwenza intsimbi se-EAF kunye ne-LF – Intsimbi yeWomic

Ixabiso vs. Ukusebenza - Yeyiphi ekunika i-ROI engcono kakhulu?

Silandele idatha yeendleko kunye nobomi kwiifektri zentsimbi ezingama-47 kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo. Nantsi into esiyifumeneyo:

Ibanga Ixabiso lePremiyamu Imijikelo Ephakathi ukuya Ekusileleni Ixabiso ngeebhayisekile ezili-1,000
I-ZG270-500 Isiseko Iibhayisekile ezingama-4,200 $X (isiseko)
I-ASTM A27 60-30 + 10-15% Iibhayisekile ezingama-4,500 0.95X
I-GS-20Mn5 +40-60% Iibhayisekile ezingama-7,500 0.85X

Amanani ayabonisa – iimayile zakho zingahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zokusebenza.

Into emangalisayo eyenzekileyo:Nangona iindleko ziphezulu kwangaphambili, i-GS-20Mn5 idla ngokunikaixabiso eliphantsi ngomjikelo ngamnyekuba ihlala ixesha elide phantse kabini. Kodwa kukho ingxaki: ifuna unyango olufanelekileyo lobushushu (lucinyiwe + luqiniswe). Ezinye iifektri zithi zibonelela nge-GS-20Mn5 kodwa zibonelela ngezinto eziqhelekileyo kuphela - ezingayi kukunika ubomi obufanayo.

 

Uyisebenzisa nini i-ZG270-500:

● Utyando lwakho luncinci (akukho shock rhoqo yobushushu)

● Awusebenzi ngaphantsi kwe-0°C

● Unebhajethi encinci kwaye ungamkela ubomi obufutshane

● Utshintsha iimbiza rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-2-3

Ixesha lokusebenzisa i-ASTM A27 60-30:

● Inkcazo yeprojekthi yakho ifuna ngokucacileyo izinto ze-ASTM

● Kufuneka wanelise inkampani yobunjineli yaseMelika okanye umbolekisi

● Awufuni ukuhlawula iprimiyamu ye-GS-20Mn5 kodwa ufuna amaxwebhu angcono kancinci kune-ZG270-500

Ixesha lokusebenzisa i-GS-20Mn5:

● Usebenza iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisixhenxe ngemijikelo yobushushu obuphezulu (i-EAF okanye ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwe-LF)

● Ubushushu bakho behla ngaphantsi kweqhwa

● Ufuna ixabiso eliphantsi lexesha elide ngetoni nganye yentsimbi eveliswayo

● Udinga isiqinisekiso saseYurophu (PED, EN 10204 3.2)

Iingcamango Eziqhelekileyo Ezingalunganga – Oko Sikuvayo Kubathengi

Ingcamango ephosakeleyo 1: “Ukuqina okuphezulu kusoloko kuthetha ukuba imbiza yeslag ingcono.”
Ayiyonyani loo nto. Amandla okutsalwa angaphezu kwe-450 MPa awasetyenziswa rhoqo kwinkonzo yembiza yeslag. Into ebulala iimbiza kukudinwa kobushushu kunye nefuthe, hayi uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo. I-GS-20Mn5 ine-tensile ephantsi kancinci kune-ZG270-500 kodwa inamandla okuxhathisa ukudinwa angcono kakhulu.

 

Ingcamango ephosakeleyo yesi-2: “Nayiphi na indawo yokwenza izinto zokubumba ingenza i-GS-20Mn5 – yinto eqhelekileyo nje.”
Ayilunganga. I-GS-20Mn5 ifuna unyango oluchanekileyo lobushushu: icinyiwe (amanzi okanye umoya onyanzelisiweyo) kwaye iqiniswe. Iinkampani ezininzi ezisungula izinto ziyayitsiba inyathelo lokucima kwaye ziqheleke ngokulula. Ufumana ikhemistri ye-GS-20Mn5 kodwa uneempawu ze-ZG270-500. Cela iirekhodi zonyango lobushushu kunye neeprofayili zobunzima.

 

Ingcamango Engachanekanga 3: “Besisoloko sisebenzisa i-ZG270-500 kwaye ayilunganga.”
Umbuzo omnye: ngaba uyazi ukuba imijikelo yakho yokwenyani iyasilela? Iifektri ezininzi ziyamkela imijikelo engama-3,000 “njengelungileyo” – kodwa ungafumana imijikelo engama-7,000 ngesixhobo esingcono. Kufanelekile ukubala iindleko zakho ezifihlakeleyo zokutshintsha kwangethuba kunye nexesha lokungasebenzi.

Yintoni Omele Uyibuze Umthengisi Wakho Weembiza ZeSlag (Uluhlu Lokujonga)

Ngaphambi kokuba ugqibezele iodolo, buza le mibuzo - iimpendulo ziya kukuxelela ukuba umthengisi uyazazi na izinto zakhe.

1."Luthini uluhlu lwakho lwekhemistri oluqhelekileyo kweli banga, kungekhona nje imida esemgangathweni?"
Umthengisi olungileyo uya kukunika uluhlu oluqinileyo (umz., C: 0.30-0.35%, hayi 0.30-0.40%).

2."Ngaba wenza uvavanyo lokuchaphazela kwi-0°C okanye kwi--20°C? Ungandibonisa iziphumo?"
Kwi-ZG270-500, abathengisi abaninzi abayivavanyi kwaphela impembelelo. Kwi-GS-20Mn5, -20°C yinto eqhelekileyo.

3."Ithini indlela onyanga ngayo ubushushu kwesi sixhobo?"
Cacisa: ubushushu bokuzinzisa, ixesha lokufunxa nge-intshi nganye yecandelo, ukucima imidiya, ubushushu bokuzinzisa kunye nexesha.

4."Ngaba unayo ingxelo yovavanyo lomjikelo wobushushu otshabalalisayo kule nto?"
Bambalwa kakhulu abenzi bokuseka abenza oku. I-Womic Steel ibonelela ngayo xa iceliwe.

5."Ngaba ungakunika imephu yobukhulu bodonga ngengxelo ye-ultrasonic?"
Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba ubukhulu buyafana – isiphene esiqhelekileyo esifihlakeleyo kwiimbiza ze-slag ezenziwe nge-cast.

05 Imbiza yeSlag yeTon ezingama-20-50 enomthamo ophakathi Isitya seSlag sokwenza intsimbi se-EAF kunye ne-LF – Intsimbi yeWomic

Ingcebiso Yokugqibela

Kwiimveliso ezininzi eziphakathi kwiindawo ezinemozulu ephakathi:Qala nge-ZG270-500. Ixabisa kancinci kwaye yenza umsebenzi. Kodwa celaeqhelekileyo kunye nethambileyounyango lobushushu – abathengisi abaninzi bayenza iqheleke kuphela, nto leyo enciphisa ukuqina.

Kwiifektri ezinobusika obubandayo okanye ezisebenza rhoqo:Tyala imali kwiI-GS-20Mn5ngesakhiwo esicociweyo nesithambileyo. Iprimiyamu yokuqala ihlawula kwisithuba seminyaka emi-2 ngokutshintshwa okuncinci kunye nexesha elincinci lokungasebenzi.

Kwiiprojekthi ze-US:I-ASTM A27 60-30 lukhetho olukhuselekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimeko zakho zokusebenza zinzima, phucula uye kwi-ASTM A27 65-35 (isivuno esiphezulu).

Nokuba ukhetha ntoni na, bhala yonke into phantsi.Uluhlu lwekhemikhali, umjikelo wonyango lobushushu, iindlela ze-NDT, kunye neendlela zokwamkelwa - azishiyi ndawo yokutolikwa.

Awukaqiniseki? Masithethe ngoMsebenzi wakho othile

Zonke izityalo zentsimbi zahlukile. Singahlola ukusebenza kwembiza yakho yeslag ngoku - ukusuka kwimijikelo ukuya kwimijikelo yokusilela, iifoto zendlela yokusilela, ubushushu bokusebenza, kunye nomthamo wekreyini - emva koko sicebise ngezinto ezifanelekileyo kunye noyilo.

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