English
Umbhobho we-SA-210 Gr.C / 304L ongenamthungo we-Metallurgical Clad | I-Carbon Steel Core + i-Austenitic Stainless Cladding ye-Boiler kunye ne-Heat Exchanger – Umfanekiso oPhambili we-Womic Steel
  • Umbhobho we-SA-210 Gr.C / 304L ongenamthungo we-Metallurgical Clad | I-Carbon Steel Core + i-Austenitic Stainless Cladding ye-Boiler kunye ne-Heat Exchanger – i-Womic Steel
  • Umbhobho we-SA-210 Gr.C / 304L ongenamthungo we-Metallurgical Clad | I-Carbon Steel Core + i-Austenitic Stainless Cladding ye-Boiler kunye ne-Heat Exchanger – i-Womic Steel
  • Umbhobho we-SA-210 Gr.C / 304L ongenamthungo we-Metallurgical Clad | I-Carbon Steel Core + i-Austenitic Stainless Cladding ye-Boiler kunye ne-Heat Exchanger – i-Womic Steel

Umbhobho we-SA-210 Gr.C / 304L ongenamthungo we-Metallurgical Clad | I-Carbon Steel Core + i-Austenitic Stainless Cladding ye-Boiler kunye ne-Heat Exchanger – i-Womic Steel

Inkcazo emfutshane:

Umbhobho ogqunywe ngentsimbi ongenamthungo – isiseko se-SA-210 Gr.C (intsimbi yekhabhoni) esine-cladding yangaphakathi ye-304L (1.4306). Yenziwe yi-extrusion eshushu, igqityiwe kubanda, ilungiswe ngobushushu, kwaye ityiwe. Ihambelana neCandelo le-ASME II Icandelo A, EN10216-2 (isiseko), ASME SA-213 (cladding), kunye ne-EN12952-2. Yenzelwe iindonga zamanzi ebhoyila, ii-economizers, ii-superheaters ezishushu eziphantsi, kunye nee-heat exchangers apho umphezulu wangaphakathi ufuna ukumelana nokugqwala okuncinci nxamnye namanzi acutshungulweyo, umphunga, okanye ukucoca i-asidi ngamanye amaxesha.


Iinkcukacha zeMveliso

Iinkcukacha zeMveliso

Iithegi zeMveliso

Izinto ezingundoqo (Ukuxhasa)

Izinto ezingundoqo (Ukuxhaswa):I-ASME SA-210 Gr.C / EN10216-2 (intsimbi yekhabhoni – ikhabhoni ephakathi, amandla aphezulu okutsalwa kwebhoyila)

Isigqubuthelo (i-CRA liner):I-TP304L (1.4306) – intsimbi engagqwali e-austenitic enekhabhoni ephantsi, ukudityaniswa kakuhle, ukumelana kakuhle ne-oxidation kunye nokugqwala okuncinci kwe-asidi

Uluhlu Lobukhulu:OD 25 – 168 mm; Ubukhulu bodonga oluphambili 3 – 15 mm; Ubukhulu be-cladding 1.5 – 3.5 mm; ubude obunye ukuya kuthi ga kwi-15 m

Inkqubo:Ukukhupha okushushu → ukugqiba okubandayo → unyango lobushushu → ukuqhotsa. Akukho mthungo ngokupheleleyo, akukho weld ende. Amandla okucheba i-metallurgical bond ≥300 MPa.

Imigangatho:Icandelo lesiBini le-ASME Icandelo A (SA-210/SA-213), EN10216-2, EN12952-2, ASTM E213, ISO 10893-10.

Uvavanyo:I-100% hydrostatic, i-ultrasonic ngokwe-ASTM E213/ISO 10893-10, ukutsalwa, ukucaba, ubulukhuni. Isatifikethi se-EN 10204 Uhlobo lwe-3.1 (ukhetho lwe-3.2).

Izicelo:Iindonga zamanzi ebhoyila, izinto ezigcina ubushushu buphantsi, ii-superheaters ezisebenzisa ubushushu obuphantsi, ii-feedwater heaters, ii-shell & tube heat exchangers (ezibangela ukubola ecaleni kwetyhubhu), ukubuyiswa kobushushu obungafunekiyo kunye ne-acidic condensate ethambileyo.

Intsimbi yeWomicibonelela ngepayipi ye-SA-210 Gr.C / 304L engenamthungo edibanisa amandla entsimbi yekhabhoni kunye nokumelana nokugqwala kwe-304L. Enye indlela engabizi kakhulu kunentsimbi eqinileyo engenasici. Ilungele isityalo samandla, ibhoyila yemizi-mveliso, kunye neeprojekthi zokutshintsha ubushushu. Nxibelelana nathi ukuze ufumane iphepha ledatha elipheleleyo kunye nesibonelelo esithile seprojekthi.

1. Kutheni Ufanele Ukhethe i-SA-210 Gr.C / 304L Clad Pipe

Ingxaki:Intsimbi yekhabhoni (SA-210 Gr.C) inamandla amahle kakhulu kwaye ixabisa kancinci kodwa inengxaki yokubola ngokubanzi, ukugawulwa kwemigodi, kunye nokwakheka kwezikali xa ichaphazeleka kwiikhemikhali ezithile zamanzi, i-acidic condensate, okanye iimeko zokuxovula. Intsimbi engagqwaliyo eqinileyo ye-304L isombulula ukubola kodwa ibiza kakhulu kwaye inokuba ngaphezulu kwexabiso elifunekayo lovavanyo loxinzelelo.

Isisombululo:Umbhobho ogqunywe yi-SA 210 Gr.C / 304L usebenzisa isiseko sentsimbi yekhabhoni esomeleleyo nesiqinileyo ukuze uthintele uxinzelelo, ngelixa umaleko ongaphakathi obhityileyo (1.5–3.5 mm) we-304L ubonelela ngokumelana nokugqwala okufunekayo. Inkqubo yokukhupha ubushushu idala ikhonkco lokwenyani lesinyithi, isusa nawuphi na umngcipheko wokuwa kwe-liner okanye ukugqwala kwe-cravice kwindawo yokudibanisa. Olu lwakhiwo lwe-hybrid lunciphisa iindleko zezinto nge-40-50% xa kuthelekiswa nombhobho oqinileyo we-304L ngelixa lubonelela ngokhuseleko olufana nolo ngaphakathi.

Umqhubi oqhelekileyo:Iityhubhu zodonga zamanzi ebhoyila ezibona amanzi angenazimbiwa kunye nokunyuka kwe-pH ngamanye amaxesha okanye ukungena kweoksijini; izinto ezigcina uqoqosho apho ioksijini enyibilikisiweyo kunye ne-pH ephantsi zibangela ukuba intsimbi yekhabhoni ibole; izixhobo zokutshintsha ubushushu eziphatha amanzi okupholisa anamandla amancinci (iikloridi eziphantsi). I-SA-210 Gr.C ikhethwa ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu xa ithelekiswa ne-Gr.A okanye i-Gr.B, nto leyo evumela iindonga ezincinci kunye nobunzima obuphantsi kumlinganiselo ofanayo woxinzelelo.

2. Iinkcukacha zezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo – SA 210 Gr.C (Core) kunye ne-304L (Cladding)

2.1 Ukwakhiwa kweeKhemikhali

I-elementi I-SA-210 Gr.C (Undoqo, % ubuninzi) 304L (Ukufakwa kwengubo, % ubuninzi)
Ikhabhoni (C) 0.35 0.030
IManganese (Mn) 0.29-1.06 2.00
I-Phosphorus (P) 0.035 0.045
I-Sulfur (S) 0.035 0.030
I-Silicon (Si) 0.10 min (yokususa ioksijini) 0.75
I-Chromium (Cr) — 18.0 – 20.0
I-Nickel (Ni) — 8.0 – 11.0
I-Molybdenum (Mo) — —

I-Core SA-210 Gr.C yintsimbi yekhabhoni engenazo izinto ezongeziweyo ze-alloy; amandla avela kwikhabhoni kunye ne-manganese. I-304L yikhabhoni ephantsi ukuthintela ukuziva ngexesha lokuwelda.

2.2 Iipropati zoomatshini (Ubushushu begumbi)

Ipropati I-SA-210 Gr.C (engundoqo) 304L (Ukufakwa kwengubo)
Amandla okuKhula (min, MPa) 245 170
Amandla okuThamba (min, MPa) 485 485
Ukwandiswa (ubuncinci, %) 22 35
Ubunzima (ubuninzi, HB) 179 201
Impembelelo (iCharpy) Akufuneki rhoqo Ayifuneki

Qaphela: Kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu, i-SA-210 Gr.C igcina malunga ne-40-50% yomgangatho wobushushu begumbi kwi-400°C. Uyilo ngokweCandelo I le-ASME okanye i-EN12952.

2.3 Ujongano lweBond

Ipropati Imfuneko
Uhlobo lwebhondi I-Metallurgical (ukusasazwa kweathomu)
Amandla okucheba ≥300 MPa (ngovavanyo ngalunye lokutyhala ngaphandle)
Ukuthembeka kwebhondi ye-UT Akukho kuhlukana >50 mm; ukuhlukana okupheleleyo <2% yendawo

2.4 Uluhlu Lwemilinganiselo

OD (mm) Ubunzima obungundoqo (mm) Ubunzima bokugquma (mm) Ubude obuphezulu (m)
25 – 50 3.0 – 6.0 1.5 – 2.0 15
50 – 80 4.0 – 8.0 1.8 – 2.2 15
80 – 120 5.0 – 12.0 2.0 – 2.5 15
120 – 168 6.0 – 15.0 2.2 – 3.5 12

Ubukhulu obulungiselelwe wena bukhona; i-OD enkulu inokufuna umbhobho ogqunywe ngentsimbi (JCOE) – nxibelelana nathi ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha.

3. Inkqubo yoMveliso – Ukukhupha okushushu, Ukugqiba okubandayo, Unyango lobushushu kunye nokuqhola

Yonke le nkqubo yenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukubopha okucocekileyo, okungenaziphene kunye nobukhulu obuchanekileyo.

Inyathelo Inkcazo
1. Ukulungiswa kwe-billet edibeneyo I-SA-210 Gr.C billet iyadinwa ukuze ifumane ityhubhu ye-304L. Imiphezulu iyacocwa kwaye indibano iyakhutshwa ize ivalwe.
2. Ukukhupha okushushu I-billet edityanisiweyo ishushu ukuya kwi-1150-1200°C, ikhutshwa nge-die at reduction ratio ≥8:1. Uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo ludala i-solid-state diffusion bond.
3. Ukugqiba okubandayo Ityhubhu ekhutshiweyo itsalwa ngokubandayo okanye ijikelezwe ukuya kutsho kubukhulu bokugqibela be-OD kunye nodonga. Iipaseji ezininzi ezinesakhiwo se-intermediate annealing refine grain.
4. Unyango lobushushu Ukulungisa (880-920°C) + ukufudumala (600-650°C) kwisiseko se-SA-210; i-304L cladding ifumana isisombululo sokutsalwa kwesisombululo ngexesha elifanayo.
5. Ukuqhotsa kunye nokuthambisa umzimba Umbhobho untywiliselwa kwi-nitric-hydrofluoric acid ukususa isikali. Umphezulu ongenasici uba yinto engenamsebenzi (ifilimu ye-chromium oxide).
6. Ukulungisa nokusika Ukulungisa ngokuchanekileyo; usike ubude obucwangcisiweyo kunye nokususa iimbumbulu ekupheleni.
7. I-NDT kunye novavanyo Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwe-ultrasonic kunye ne-hydrostatic ngokweCandelo 4.
8. Gqibezela ukugqiba kunye nokupakisha I-Bevel ukuba ichaziwe; ii-cap zeplastiki kunye ne-bundling zokuthunyelwa.

Iindawo zokujonga umgangatho:Iirekhodi zobushushu ngexesha lokukhupha kunye nonyango lobushushu; ukuqinisekiswa kwekhemistri kunye nokuxinana ngobushushu ngabunye; ukujonga ubungakanani emva kokugqiba ukubanda; uhlalutyo lwesisombululo se-pickling.

4. Ukuhlolwa kunye noVavanyo – Ukulandela iiMfuno ze-ASME kunye ne-EN

Zonke iityhubhu ziyahlangabezana okanye zidlula iimfuno ze-ASME SA-450, SA-210, SA-213, EN12952-2, kunye nobizo lomthengi lwe-ASTM E213 kunye ne-ISO 10893-10.

Uvavanyo Umgangatho Ububanzi Ukwamkelwa
I-Ultrasonic (ukungafezeki kwexesha elide) I-ASTM E213 / ISO 10893-10 Iskena esilawulwa ngesantya se-100% Akukho mpendulo ilahlwayo; nasiphi na isiphene esiphawulweyo sirekhodiweyo
Uvavanyo lwe-hydrostatic I-ASME SA-450 / EN12952-2 Ityhubhu nganye ukuya kuxinzelelo loyilo oluyilwe ukuya kuthi ga kwi-≥1.5× (ibambe imizuzu emi-5) Akukho kuvuza, akukho kukhula okusisigxina
Uvavanyo lokuxinana (umongo) SA-210 / EN10216-2 Ngobushushu / ibhetshi nganye YS≥245 MPa, TS≥485 MPa, El≥22%
Uvavanyo lokuthamba I-ASME SA-450 Inye ngobushushu / OD Akukho mifantu de kube umgama weepleyiti = 2/3 OD
Ukuqina EN12952-2 C (ukhetho) Umongo kunye ne-cladding Umongo ≤179 HB, isigqubuthelo ≤201 HB
Ukuchonga Izinto Ezilungileyo (i-PMI) I-XRF Ityhubhu nganye (ukhetho) Qinisekisa ikhemistri ye-304L

Uvavanyo olongezelelweyo olukhethiweyo:

● Amandla okucheba i-bond (iyatshabalalisa, kwisampuli)

● Ukugqwala kwe-intergranular (ASTM A262 Practice E kwi-304L cladding)

● I-Charpy impact (umbindi, oqhelekileyo -20°C okanye 0°C)

● Ubushushu obuphezulu obuqinileyo (ukuba buceliwe)

Isatifikethi:EN 10204 Uhlobo 3.1 (oluqhelekileyo) lubandakanya ikhemistri yazo zombini iileya, i-core tensile, i-hydro, i-UT kunye neziphumo zobukhulu. Uhlobo 3.2 lunokungqinwa ngumntu wesithathu.

5. Izicelo ngokweenkcukacha

5.1 Iindonga Zamanzi Zebhoyila (Ezingabalulekanga kangako nezingabalulekanga kangako)

Kwiibhoyila zamandla ezisebenzisa amalahle, iityhubhu zodonga zamanzi zithwala amanzi/umphunga ukuya kuthi ga kwi-450°C. Intsimbi yekhabhoni yodwa inokubandezeleka kukugqwala kumphezulu ongaphakathi ngenxa yezi zinto zilandelayo:

● I-pH ephantsi ngexesha lokucoca i-asidi

● Ioksijini enyibilikisiweyo

● I-Ammonia okanye ezinye iikhemikhali zonyango

I-cladding yangaphakathi ye-304L ikhusela kwiintlaselo ezinjalo, yandisa ubomi beetyhubhu kwaye inciphisa isidingo sokulinganisa iikhemikhali. Isiseko se-SA 210 Gr.C sibonelela ngamandla oxinzelelo afunekayo.

5.2 AbaQoqisi bezoQoqosho

Ii-economizers zichaphazeleka yioksijini enyibilikisiweyo kunye ne-pH ephantsi emanzini okutya, nto leyo ebangela ukuqhekeka kwentsimbi yekhabhoni. I-304L cladding isusa lo mngcipheko ngelixa igcina ukusebenza kakuhle kokudlulisa ubushushu. Abaqhubi abaninzi baye batshintshela kwiityhubhu ezigqunyiweyo emva kokusilela kokugqwala okuphindaphindiweyo.

5.3 IiSuperheaters/IiReheaters Eziphantsi Kobushushu

Kwiindawo ezishushu kakhulu zee-superheaters (ezingaphantsi kwama-450°C kubushushu besinyithi), izinto ezingcolisayo ezifunxayo (ii-sulfur compounds) zinokubangela ukubola kwe-acid dew-point. I-304L cladding ithintela uhlaselo, ivumela ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezisezantsi ze-alloy core.

5.4 Izitshintshi zobushushu zeShell & Tube

Xa ulwelo olusecaleni kwetyhubhu lubola (umz., amanzi apholisayo ane-chloride ephantsi, amanzi acutshungulwayo, okanye i-condensate ene-asidi encinci), ukusebenzisa iityhubhu ezigqunywe yi-SA-210+304L konga iindleko xa kuthelekiswa nentsimbi eqinileyo engatyiwayo. Iishiti zeetyhubhu zinokwenziwa ngentsimbi yekhabhoni ene-304L weld overlay, nto leyo eqinisekisa ukhuseleko olupheleleyo lokubola ngexabiso elincinci.

5.5 IiYunithi zokubuyisela ubushushu obumdaka (WHRS)

Kwiyunithi ezisebenzisa iigesi zokukhupha umoya ezivela kwiiturbine zegesi okanye kwii-oven zemizi-mveliso, umphezulu wangaphakathi ungachaphazeleka yi-nitric acid, i-sulfuric acid, okanye ezinye izinto ezicondensate. I-304L cladding inika ukumelana okuhle kakhulu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-400 450°C.

9

6. Iingenelo ngaphezu kwezinye iindlela

Enye indlela Ukuthelekiswa ne-SA-210+304L Clad
Intsimbi yekhabhoni eqinileyo ye-SA-210 Ixabiso eliphantsi kwangaphambili kodwa iyasilela ngokukhawuleza kwinkonzo yokubola, nto leyo ekhokelela ekutshintsheni rhoqo nasekungasebenzini.
Intsimbi engagqwaliyo eqinileyo engama-304L Imelana ngokupheleleyo nokugqwala kodwa ibiza kakhulu ngama-40-50% xa ithelekiswa noxinzelelo olufanayo; amandla aphantsi okuvelisa (170 MPa vs 245 MPa) athetha ukuba kufuneka udonga olujiyileyo.
Umbhobho we-304L ofakwe ngoomatshini I-liner engabizi kakhulu kodwa iyawa phantsi kokujikeleza kobushushu okanye ukutyhafa koxinzelelo; ukubola kwe-crevice kwi-liner/base interface. I-metallurgical bond yethu iyawususa loo mngcipheko.
Ingaphezulu le-weld ye-304L kwintsimbi yekhabhoni Ingasebenza kakuhle kodwa ibiza kakhulu, ifuna umsebenzi omninzi, kwaye ayifani; ayinakusetyenziswa kwiityhubhu ezincinci.

Inzuzo ephambili kwezoqoqosho:Ngoxinzelelo loyilo oluthile lwe-10-15 MPa, udonga lwetyhubhu egqunyiweyo lunokuba yi-60-70% yodonga oluqinileyo olungenasici ngenxa yamandla aphezulu emveliso ye-SA-210 Gr.C, nto leyo enciphisa ubunzima kunye neendleko zezinto zokwakha ngakumbi.

7. Uqinisekiso loMgangatho kunye nokulandelelwa

●Amanani obushushu:Zombini i-SA-210 billet kunye ne-304L plate/pipe zinenani lobushushu elikhethekileyo, zombini zirekhodwa kwaye zigximfizwe kwityhubhu nganye egqityiweyo.

● Izatifikethi zezinto:Izatifikethi zomthengisi wezinto ezikrwada (3.1) zigcinwa kwidosi yomgangatho.

● Iirekhodi zeenkqubo:Ubushushu bokukhupha amanzi, itshathi yobushushu kunye nexesha lonyango lobushushu, uhlalutyo lokuhlamba nge-pickling luyarekhodwa.

● Ukukhululwa kokugqibela:Kuphela emva kokuba zonke iimvavanyo ezichaziweyo ziphumelele kwaye amaxwebhu eqokelelwe.

Samkelaukuhlolwa kwabathengi okanye komntu wesithathunakweyiphi na inqanaba: ukwamkelwa kwezinto eziluhlaza, ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezidityanisiweyo, ubungqina bokukhutshelwa ngaphandle, i-NDT, okanye ukujonga kokugqibela. Imibutho yokuhlola eqhelekileyo: i-SGS, i-BV, i-DNV, i-TÜV, i-ABS, i-LR.

8. Ukupakishwa kunye nokuthunyelwa

●Ukhuseleko:Iziphelo zigqunywe ngeminqwazi yeplastiki (okanye yentsimbi); ioyile yokuthintela umhlwa kumphezulu wangaphandle (ukhetho, chaza ukuba kuyimfuneko). Umphezulu wangaphakathi we-304L ucoliwe kwaye awusebenzi – akukho oyile.

●Ukudibanisa:Iidayamitha ezincinci (≤76 mm) zibotshelelwe ngeentambo zentsimbi, zibekwe kwiindawo zokhuni phakathi kweeleya ukuze kuthintelwe ukurhawuzelelwa. Iidayamitha ezinkulu (≥88.9 mm) zithunyelwa ngazinye kwii-cradles okanye kwii-flat racks.

●Iilebheli:Ityhubhu nganye iphawulwe ngolu hlobo: “SA-210 Gr.C / 304L – Ubushushu #xxxx – OD x Ubunzima (umongo+ugqunywe) – Ubude – Ibhinqa”

●Isikhongozeli:Izikhongozeli eziqhelekileyo ezingama-20′ okanye ezingama-40′ ubude obufikelela kwi-12 m. Iityhubhu ezinde zenziwe nge-rack evulekileyo okanye ethe tyaba.

●Ixesha lokuthumela:I-FOB Shanghai/Tianjin (engagqibekanga), i-CIF/CFR ukuya nakweyiphi na izibuko elikhulu.

Ixesha eliqikelelweyo lokufumana isaphulelo (iodolo yokuqala):Iiveki ezili-14-16 (kuquka ukufumana izinto kunye nokucwangcisa i-extrusion). Phinda ii-odolo kwiiveki ezili-10-12. Ii-odolo ezincinci zovavanyo zinokuba zikhawuleza (iiveki ezili-10-12) ukuba singadibanisa nokuqhuba imveliso.

9. Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo) – SA 210+304L

Umbuzo 1: Ingakanani iqondo lobushushu eliphezulu lenkonzo yombhobho ogqunywe yi-SA-210+304L?
A: Into ethintelayo yintsimbi yekhabhoni. I-SA 210 Gr.C ifanelekile kumaqondo obushushu esinyithi ukuya kuthi ga kwi450°C(842°F) ngokweCandelo I le-ASME. Ngaphezulu koko, ubomi bokuqhekeka buyehla ngokukhawuleza. I-cladding ye-304L inokumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu, kodwa umbindi ubeka umda.

Umbuzo 2: Ngaba i-cladding ye-304L ingasetyenziswa namanzi ane-chloride eninzi?
A: I-304L isengozini yokuqhekeka yimingxuma kunye nokuqhekeka koxinzelelo kwimigxobhozo kwiindawo eziphezulu ze-chloride (>5000 ppm Cl⁻ kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu). Kwinkonzo ephezulu ye-chloride (umz., ukupholisa amanzi olwandle), sicebisa i-duplex (2205) okanye i-nickel alloy (Alloy 28 / 825) cladding. Le mveliso ilungele ii-chloride eziphantsi.

Umbuzo 3: Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba kubekho iityhubhu ze-SA-210+304L njengee-U-bend zabatshintshi bobushushu?
A: Ewe. Singawugoba umbhobho ogqunywe nge-pickled, size senze unyango olupheleleyo lokunciphisa uxinzelelo lobushushu (olukwasebenza njengokufaka i-annealing emva kokugoba). Emva kokugoba, i-100% NDT yendawo yokugoba (UT okanye ET) kunye ne-dye penetrant. Nceda ucele ikowuteshini eyahlukileyo ye-U-bend.

Umbuzo 4: Ukuthintela njani ukuba i-304L cladding ingangcoliswa yi-carbon esuka embindini ngexesha lokukhupha?
A: Indibano ye-vacuum ithintela i-oksijini ukuba ingangeni; kubushushu be-extrusion, ikhabhoni ayifuduki kakhulu kwi-interface kuba i-bond yenziwa ngokudityaniswa koomatshini kunye nokusasazwa okulinganiselweyo. Uhlalutyo lwe-post-extrusion luqinisekisa ukuba i-cladding chemistry ihlala ngaphakathi kweenkcukacha ze-304L (eziqinisekiswe yi-PMI).

Umbuzo 5: Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-SA-210 Gr.C kunye ne-A106 Gr.B / P265GH?
A: I-SA-210 Gr.C inamandla aphezulu okutsalwa (ubuncinane yi-485 MPa) xa ithelekiswa ne-A106 Gr.B (415 MPa) kunye ne-P265GH (410-570 MPa). I-SA-210 Gr.C yenzelwe ngokukodwa iityhubhu zebhoyila, ngelixa i-A106 yenzelwe imibhobho yoxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo. I-EN10216-2 I-P265GH ifana ne-SA-210 Gr.B (amandla aphantsi). Ukuze ufumane amandla aphezulu, singatshintsha i-SA-210 Gr.C nge-P265GH (exhaphake kakhulu eYurophu). Nceda ucacise ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-EN olufunayo - singasebenzisa ne-P265GH njengesiseko endaweni ye-SA-210 Gr.C ukuba iprojekthi yakho ifuna umgangatho we-EN.

Umbuzo 6: Ngaba nibonelela nge-weld overlay okanye ibhotolo kwiziphelo zetyhubhu?
A: Ukuhanjiswa okuqhelekileyo kunqunyulwe ngendlela ecacileyo, kususwe umngxuma. Ukuba uyayifunaiziphelo ezibengezelayo ezinebhotolo ye-CRA(idiphozithi ye-weld ye-304L ebusweni bevel ukuthintela ukuxinana ngexesha lokudityaniswa kwentsimi), nceda ucacise. Iindleko ezongezelelweyo kunye nexesha lokuqalisa zingasebenza.

Umbuzo 7: Zeziphi izatifikethi zokuhlola ozibonelelayo nge-304L cladding?
A: Sinikezela ngesatifikethi sokuqala sokugaya sezinto ze-304L (EN 10204 3.1) kunye nohlalutyo lwethu lwetyhubhu egqityiweyo (kuquka i-PMI okanye i-OES evela kumphezulu we-cladding). Kwiiprojekthi ezifuna isiqinisekiso se-3.2, singalungiselela nomhloli wesithathu.

Umbuzo 8: Ngaba ityhubhu egqunyiweyo inganikwa i-OD encinci (umz., 19 mm) kwimigca yezixhobo?
A: Indlela yokukhupha inkunkuma ingavelisa i-OD ukuya kuthi ga kwi-21 mm. Kwi-19 mm okanye ngaphantsi, kusenokufuneka sisebenzise umzobo obandayo emva kokukhupha inkunkuma. Nceda ubuze.

Umbuzo 9: Ngaba umphezulu ocoliweyo kwi-OD yentsimbi yekhabhoni uyamkeleka xa upeyintwa?
A: I-Pickling ishiya umphezulu ococekileyo, orhabaxa kancinci, olungele ukunamathela kwi-coating. Ukuba ufuna iprofayili ethile yomphezulu (umz., kwi-epoxy coating), singalungisa iiparameter ze-pickling okanye sinikeze i-grit blast elandelayo. Nangona kunjalo, umphezulu oqhelekileyo we-pickling ulungele i-primer.

Umbuzo 10: Ngaba ubukhulu be-cladding buqinisekisiwe ukuba buyafana?
A: Ewe. Imephu yobukhulu be-ultrasonic ye-cladding (kusetyenziswa i-focused probe) ibonisa ukuba umahluko wobukhulu ungaphakathi kwe-±0.2 mm kwiisayizi ezininzi. Singabonelela ngengxelo yemephu yobukhulu.

Umbuzo 11: Ingakanani i-odolo encinci (MOQ)?
A: Kwipayipi egqunywe ngomthungo, i-MOQ yezoqoqosho imalunga neemitha ezingama-500-1000 ngomxube ngamnye. Nangona kunjalo, siyazamkela ii-odolo zovavanyo zeemitha ezili-100-200 zokufaneleka kweprojekthi. Qhagamshelana nathi ukuze sixoxe ngamathuba amancinci obungakanani.

Umbuzo 12: Ngaba ungawunika lo mbhobho ugqunyiweyo ngesitampu se-ASME Section VIII, Div. 1?
A: Asiziphathi ngokwethu izitampu ze-ASME U, kodwa singazibonelela ngezinto ezifunekayo ngokweemfuno ze-ASME ezinokulandeleka ngokupheleleyo kunye nezatifikethi. Umsebenzisi wokugqibela okanye umenzi wezinto kufuneka enze isitampu sekhowudi. Kwizicelo ezibalulekileyo, singalungiselela ubungqina bomntu wesithathu ukuze sanelise iimfuno zomgangatho we-ASME.

10. Ulwazi loku-odola kunye noQhagamshelwano

Ukucela ikowuteshini yeUmbhobho ogqunywe ngesinyithi ongenamthungo we-SA-210 Gr.C / 304L, nceda unikeze oku kulandelayo:

● Ububanzi obungaphandle (OD), ubukhulu bodonga oluphambili, ubukhulu be-cladding

● Ubude ngeqhekeza ngalinye (umz., 6 m, 12 m) kunye nobude obupheleleyo (m)

● Umgangatho osebenzayo (iCandelo le-ASME II, i-EN12952-2, okanye iinkcukacha zeprojekthi)

● Naluphi na uvavanyo olongezelelweyo (i-bond shear, i-Charpy, i-intergranular corrosion)

● Ukuphela kokugqiba (okucacileyo, okujijekileyo, okujijekileyo + okufakwe ibhotolo)

● Ubungakanani (iziqwenga okanye iimitha)

● Ixesha lokuhanjiswa (izibuko lase-FOB China, i-CIF naliphi na izibuko elikhulu, uthutho lweenqwelo moya)

I-Womic Steel – Iqabane lakho lepayipi enokuthenjwa ye-SA-210 Gr.C / 304L

Iwebhusayithi: www.womicsteel.com
I-imeyile: sales@womicsteel.com
Ucingo / WhatsApp / WeChat:

UVictor: +86 15575100681

UJack: +86 18390957568

I-Womic Steel – Izisombululo zemibhobho ezifakwe i-316L ezenzelwe inkonzo ye-CO₂, ibhoyila, isixhobo sokutshintsha ubushushu, ubushushu obuphantsi, kunye nokusetyenziswa kobushushu obuphezulu.

  • Ngaphambili:
  • Okulandelayo:

    • Iimveliso eziNxulumeneyo

    Uphando Ngoku